Steven Adams
Dr. Alexander Mendoza
United Sates History II
Journal Entries 1-10
Entry 1
What was the Dawes Act? It was named for Senator Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts, chair of the Senate’s Indian Affairs Committee. It divided land into small sections, however this allowed the tribe to retain only a minor portion of land. The remaining land was purchased by whites. Did the Dawes act benefit the Plains Indians? No, it was catastrophic to Indian culture and lead to the loss of the majority of Indian tribal lands. It also led to clashes between Indian tribes. Did the Dawes Act benefit whites? Yes, immensely. It allowed whites to buy 86 million acres of land during the late 1880’s into the 1890’s. For the Indians that accepted the Dawes act, they were given a full American citizenship. They were also expected to conform to American ways and leave their culture behind.
Entry 2
What was the Progressive era? It lasted from the 1890s to the 1920s. It was a time of explosive economic growth in the United States. There were substantial political and social reforms across the country. Women began to
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President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed several pieces of legislation that became known as the Second New Deal. It included the passing of the Social Security act. This act provided benefits for the elderly, disabled and unemployed. It also included the National Labor Relations Act. Originally known as the Wagner Act, it gave organized labor rights to bargain collectively with businesses and forced employers to allow unionization of their employees. The Works Progress Administration was passed in April 1935. The WPA put unemployed people to work in public works projects across the country. It contained a much wider variety of programs than earlier agencies: theatrical productions (the Federal Theatre Project) and writing projects (the Federal Writers' Project), as well as the construction of schools, playgrounds, and other public
The Progressive era was a massive turning point in America’s history. The suffrage movement, Scopes Monkey Trial, and prohibition all had a large impact on America. Each event had a unique effect on the future and we still see the effects of these events today.
The Progressive Era was a period of social activism from the 1890s to the 1920s. The main objectives of this era was correcting political corruption, providing protection for consumers and employees/eliminating child labor, giving women equal rights, and eliminating monopolies (i.e. trust-busting). These issue existed due to post civil war time periods including Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, which preceded the Progressive Era. The Progressive Era is accurately termed for the description of the time period from 1901 to 1920 because the majority of its main objectives were addressed. These objectives included trust-busting, child labor, consumer protection, and women’s rights.
The Progressive Era was a period that changed America greatly due to political reforms and social activism. This era brought forth many changes in America and almost all Americans were involved in this movement somehow. This period began in the late 1800s and lasted until the mid-1900s. The Progressive Era was one of the biggest movements in America. The main point of this movement was to purify the government. Several historians have wrote excerpts on their perspective of the Progressive Era. George Mowry, Joseph Huthmacher, and Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore are three key Progressive historians. In their writings, each of the historians explain who the Progressives were, who was affected during this time, events that took place in the community and government, and other topics.
The progressive movement developed in the early 1900’s in response to the problems caused by the age of industry. Between the 1890 and 1920, the progressive era was an attempt to solve the economic and social problems. These problems lead the nation to a downfall. The main goal of the progressive era was to expand the democracy, change unfair business practices protect consumers and eliminate social ills. Although there were problems many laws and acts were developed the solve them.
The Progressive era started with the Spanish American War and ended with World War I. Even though these were the two main conflicts during the time there were also many other minor conflicts that the U.S. had to deal with. Throughout the era the U.S. was trying to gain more power through imperialism, which was shown by the efforts to annex foreign lands such as the Philippines. Overall,
Unlike Hoover, FDR was proactive, against rugged individualism and believed in a strong centralized government in order to get out of the deep depression. The programs that FDR initiated through the New Deal are still beneficial and in place to this day. The Social Security Act (SSA) provided checks that ensured the welfare of citizens. This program provided coverage to the disabled, children, adults, and more. Pension is also another aspect that the SSA provided and still provides to the elderly. The SSA provided recovery to many people during the Great Depression and it continues to be used in our society today. Unemployment benefits also originated from FDR’s New Deal and are still available to American citizens today. These forms of government securities benefit the American people and all owe their American benefits to FDR’s forward thinking attitude and his New Deal
1935: Works Progress Administration (WPA): The Works Progress Administration was a part of the Second New Deal created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The purpose of the WPA was passed to try to gain relief among the American citizen who were affected by the Great Depression and unemployment. The WPA did multiple things such as found jobs for the elderly, employed people without competing with private industries, and funded the works of artists and writers. The Workers Progress Administration is significant because it helped bring jobs back into the lives that had suffered from the Great Depression and gave hope to Americans that the standard of living would begin to get better.
The Progressive Era from 1890-1920, was the response to the issues and injustices created by industrialization and modernization. The country had made sweeping advancements in the previous years, yet neglected to address the downfalls of the time period. However, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the United States as a whole, worked together towards achieving effective reform. Two of the main goals were restoring economic competition and making the government more effective and democratic. Although a lot of reform efforts were enacted, a large portion of those efforts fell short of fully achieving their purpose. Overall, the progressives did not effectively achieve their goals in regard to the economy and government.
The purchase of Louisiana doubled the United States in size and was the key to the beginning of westward expansion. This expansion of the U.S. served as one of the defining topics of American history but contrarily, it nearly demolished the entire democracy. Because of Louisiana’s high birth rate and rapid immigration, the United States’ population increased from about five million to more than twenty-three million people. Such expeditious growth as well as economic depressions drove millions of Americans to the west in search of fresh territory and opportunities also known as manifest destiny. At the start of the 1830’s almost one hundred twenty-five thousand Native Americans lived on southeast acres that their ancestors had inhabited for generations. But then President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian removal act which gave the government the authority to trade native held land for land to the west that the United States had obtained with the purchase of Louisiana. By the closing of the decade, only a few Natives were left because the Federal government mandated that they abandon their homeland and go to designated Indian territory. This expedition was better known as the Trail of Tears. The purpose of these reservations was to bring the Native Americans under United States government control, eliminate conflict between the Indians and settlers, and finally to further encourage Native Americans to take on the habits of settlers. In exchange tribes usually received money but it was never a lot and the majority were spent on purchasing food and supplies from traders. But the daily living conditions of the reservations primarily had the most catastrophic results with devastating and long lasting effects. Overall, the rapid territorial expansionism resulted in relocation and brutal mistreatment of Native American occupants of territories now occupied by the United
According to Section 8 of the Dawes Act, "the provisions of this act shall not extend to the territory occupies by the Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Seminoles, and Osage, Miamies and Peorias, and Sacs and Foxes, in the Indian Territory". These tribes occupied a large amount of fertile land, perfect for American farms. In order to correct the "mistake", Congress passed an amendment in 1898 named the Curtis Act. This abolished Section 8 of the Dawes Act, and forced the tribes who were originally omitted to follow all rules and regulations of the Dawes Act. Now, the federal government of the United States could legally seize Native lands without consent of the tribe. At this time, the removal of Native Americans was legal, just as Andrew Jackson had originally
Effect of Dawes Act: more opportunities for white plundering of Indian lands, further undermining of traditional Indian cultures
The Progressive Era was a term used to describe a time period that had numerous reforms to correct the problems of the country. The origins of this time period was created from the lower class aiming to, “eliminate corruption in government, regulate business practices, address health hazards, and improve working conditions.” Not only did the lower class support reform, but middle class workers too because they were in competition with immigrants for jobs or they were women struggling for the same rights that men had. Another reform Progressives wanted was the right to a direct say in the primaries of elections so the public had more control within government. With more control in the government, this would allow the power of big corporation to be limited and prevent future problems that the middle and lower classes could endure. These goals the reformers had in the Progressive Era, led to a plethora of movements and actions in
In the early 1900s in the United States, there was a time of reform at the national level. During the Progressive Era, specifically the years 1900 through 1920, the nation was going through many changes, especially with the different presidents: Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson, and the limitations of labor and citizen life as a whole.
During the Progressive era from 1900-1920 , the reformers and the federal government was making reforms on the national level. The Progressive Era was bursting with ideas to make life better in the industrial age by making changes to political and social through the government.Most of the Progressives had the ideology of limiting big business, improving social justice, and improving democracy for the people. They only made limited change with child labor and trust-busting.Some limitations prohibited leaders from implementing their actions right away, but their success was the ultimate result. This was fueled by investigative reporters who were called muckrakers. This era was named the Gilded Age, which means there was bad under the appearance of something good.
The Dawes Act assigned allotments of land to individual Indians, vocational training for adults, education for Indian children through boarding schools, and established churches to watch over Indian policies. The aspects of the Dawes Act, in an attempt to solve the “Indian Problem,” led to a wide range of actions and responses of the Native Americans.