A Nash equilibrium occurs when O no player has an incentive to unilaterally change strategies. each player has an incentive to unilaterally change strategies. O both players can cooperate to increase their payoffs. no player can earn a higher payoff from any other strategy.
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- GAME 5 Player B B2 B1 Player A A1 7, 3 5, 10 A2 3, 8 9, 6 In Game 5 above, O there are no Nash equilibria in pure strategies. Player A choosing A1 and Player B choosing B2 is a Nash equilibrium. O Player A choosing A1 and Player B choosing B1 is a Nash equilibrium. O Player A choosing A2 and Player B choosing B1 is a Nash equilibrium.Two companies are playing an entry game. In the first stage of the game the incumbent firm decides whether to invest in new robotic equipment, which will lower its marginal cost of production. In the second stage, a potential rival decides whether to enter the market. o If the incumbent firm chooses to invest and the rival firm does not enter the market, the incumbent makes 8 million in profits. o If the incumbent firm chooses to invest and the rival firm enters the market, the incumbent makes 2 million in profits, and the rival firm looses 1 million. o If the incumbent firm chooses NOT to invest and the rival firm does not enter the market, the incumbent makes 10 million in profits. o If the incumbent firm chooses NOT to invest and the rival firm enters the market, both the incumbent firm and the rival firm make 4 million each. (a) Draw a decision tree for this game. (b) Use backward induction to solve the game. What is the rival best strategy? What is the incumbent best strategy? (C)…Consider a repeated game with the following stage game: Player 1 O O O Cooperate Not Cooperate This game is repeated T-120 times, and t each period both players must choose their actions simultaneously. The players are deciding whether or not to cooperate specifically, whether or not to follow this cooperation strategy: r≤ 3 S|S|AW|N N|H "Each player will play cooperate as long as no one has played Not Cooperate before. If someone has played Not Cooperate before, then each player will play Not Cooperate forever." rs 5 rs Player 2 In this case, cooperation will be possible if the interest rate r is Not Cooperate 5,15 10, 10 None of the above Cooperate 12, 12 15,5
- Mark and Bevis play a static game. Mark chooses x and Bevis chooses y. Mark's payoff is 16 - (x- y)2, and Bevis' payoff is 16 - (x-0.5)2 - (y-0.5)2. Then O a. both Mark and Bevis have dominant strategies O b. Mark has a dominant strategy, but Bevis does not O c. Bevis has a dominant strategy, but Mark does not O d. neither Mark or Bevis have dominant strategiesWhy is a solution that we find through backward induction always a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium? O The results of backward induction are the only possible Nash equilibria. O The backward induction solution maximizes the combined payoffs of all players. O At each decision node, backward induction chooses the best option going forward for the player who moves at that point. O When we use backward induction, we only consider dominant strategies. Show your steps please.Question 4. Zeynep and Mehmet will eventually play the following game. Mehmet L R U 3,1 0,0 Zeynep D 0,3 1,3 In a preliminary stage, Zeynep has already asked Mehmet to allow her to move first and proposed to pay him 1 unit of her own payoff in exchange. So Mehmet has to options: • If he accepts Zeynep's offer: they will play the sequential move version of the above game in which Zeynep moves first. Mehmet will receive 1 unit of utility more, and Zeynep will receive 1 unit of utility less (in any outcome of the game) compared to the payoffs given in the bimatrix. 2 • If he rejects Zeynep's offer: they will play the simultaneous move game. a. Represent this strategic interaction in a game tree. b. How many information sets does each player have? c. Characterize the set of pure strategies for both players. d. Present this game as a normal-form game, and characterize the set of pure strategy Nash equi- libria.
- Consider the following simultaneous game: Player 1 U D Player 2 L 20,-10 -10, 20 R -10, 20 20,-10 Please indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Player 1 has a dominant strategy. This game has a Nash equilibrium. This game has a Nash equilibrium in pure strategies. Player 1's best response is D if player 2 plays R.Consider the payoff matrix for a game depicted below. Player 1 selects the row and Player 2 selects the column. Up Down Left 0,-1 2,3 Right 1,2 0,1 What is (are) the Nash equilibrium (equilibria)? Select one or more: □ a. Player 1 plays right; Player 2 plays up O b. Player 1 plays up; Player 2 plays right Oc. Player 1 plays up; Player 2 plays left O d. Player 1 plays left; Player 2 plays up Oe. Player 1 plays left; Player 2 plays down Of. Player 1 plays down; Player 2 plays right Og. Player 1 plays right; Player 2 plays down Oh. Player 1 plays down; Player 2 plays leftConsider this as a simultaneous-move (static) game: Player A Top Bottom Player B Left Right ETEL UU 1.b) Does any player have a dominant strategy in this game? Explain. 1.a) Write down the Best Response Correspondence for each of the two players. Molimonsbestich Quinit 1.c) Find all Nash Equilibria in pure strategies of this game. 1.d) Is there any Nash Equilibria in mixed strategies? If so, find it. Elekt
- The bimatrix represents a simultaneous move game between Rowena and Colin. Rowena's payoff is the left number in each cell. ROWENA O O 2 Calculate Rowena 's expected payoff in the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium. 3.5 2.5 Up Down 3 Left 1,16 2,20 COLIN Right 4,6 3,40Team 2 plays A Team 2 plays B Team 1 plays A 2, 1 0,0 Team 1 plays B 0,0 1, 2 Consider the game above. Which of the following is a Nash Equilibrium of the game? O Team 1 plays A two thirds of the time and plays the rest of the time, while team 2 plays A two thirds of the time and plays B the rest of the time. Team 1 plays A one quarter of the time and plays B the rest of the time, while team 2 plays A one quarter of the time and plays B the rest of the time. Team 1 plays A one quarter of the time and plays B the rest of the time, while team 2 plays A three quarters of the time and plays B the rest of the time. O None of the other answers are correct. Team 1 plays A two thirds of the time and plays B the rest of the time, while team 2 plays A one third of the time and plays B the rest of the time.Which of the following statements about Nash Equilibria in a two-player one-shot simultaneous game is FALSE? If one player has a dominant strategy, a Nash Equilibrium is guaranteed. O If both players have a dominant strategy, a Nash Equilibrium is guaranteed. A Nash Equilibrium is conditional on at least one player having a dominant strategy. Click So