a. We have a molecule 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG), which is a negative allosteric modulator for oxygen binding in Hb. Please draw out a reaction equilibrium between Hb and Hb:BPG that shows how BPG binding might drive oxygen release and vice-versa.
Q: In an experiment to test the activity of lactase under different conditions, tubes containing…
A: Lactase, a sugar found in milk, is a digestive enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of lactose.…
Q: How is the photic energy absorbed by chlorophyll transfered to ATP molecules in…
A: Photons of light energise the electrons in the chlorophyll molecule. The electrons are attracted by…
Q: (a)What are the two superfamilies of proteins in which amylase is categorized? (b)To which…
A: Proteins are made up of amino acids that are linked together by peptides. Along with the R side…
Q: the adaptations that Orobanchaceae (plant) has evolved to invade and manipulate the hosts (talk…
A:
Q: How can the hypothesis that asserts that chloroplasts as well as mitochondria were primitive…
A: INTRODUCTION Mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cells converting fuel molecules into…
Q: is C correct? because females can also inherit x-linked traits, they won’t express it but they’ll be…
A: A gene is considered to be X-linked if it is found on the X chromosome and not on the Y chromosome.…
Q: What do you think are some best practices to control viral diseases in Aquaculture systems? Explain…
A: Aquaculture is the fastest growing food-producing sector globally and, with intensification of the…
Q: Match each DNA component to its corresponding point of attachment. 1. carbon 3' 2. carbon 5' 3.…
A: Deoxyribonucleotide (DNA) is a molecule containing all the genetic information needed to make each…
Q: Your company has just discovered a new Intervention X that will easily detect early stages of breast…
A: Introduction Healthcare industry:- It is an integration of sectors within the economic system that…
Q: function of bile
A: Liver: The major organ which is found only in vertebrates is called Liver . This organ performs many…
Q: Yellow and black coat in cat appear to be controlled by a pair of sex-linked alleles…
A: Sex-linked traits: Traits that are controlled by genes present on sex chromosomes are…
Q: Order the following events that occur during a nerve impulse. a few milliseconds behind the Na…
A: Order of nerve impulse events are :-
Q: All the body systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the organism. No organ system operates…
A: Introduction :- Large insoluble food molecules are broken down into small water-soluble food…
Q: What is the significance of having an invariant cell lineage of the nematode,
A: Caenorhabditis elegans is a model organism which help us to study various human diseases. This worm…
Q: 13. A way we can measure the health of an ecosystem is to look at the change in number of species…
A: Answer
Q: In regards to MITOSIS, give the order of the following events in terms of chromosome number.…
A: The cell division is the process that involves production of two or four daughter cells from a…
Q: Name the different components (a-g) and functions of the Ebola virus shown below. Please write the…
A:
Q: Hello! Talk about the lecanemab and solanezumab treatments towards Alzheimer's diseases. It is…
A: Alzheimer's disease- is a neurodegenerative disease that has a slow start and worsens progressively.…
Q: Penicillin obtained from a fungus is : A. Antibiotic B. Antiseptic C. Antibody D. Antiserum
A: Penicilin obtained from Penicillium notatum . It is a type of antibiotic . It kills bacteria…
Q: Which do you think is more effective strategy for biodiversity conservation, Maintaining a Single…
A: The term biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to…
Q: A DNA fingerprint is based on _____. a repeating sequences found on noncoding regions b the…
A: DNA fingerprinting is commonly employed in investigations to connect evidence with suspects, but DNA…
Q: Colonies that produce alkaline waste on Hektoen enteric agar will turn O blue-green. pink. black. O…
A: In presence of colonies , alkaline waate on hektoen enteric agar turn into blue green color.…
Q: A 30 year old female who moved to the U.S. from Thailand 25 years ago has just suffered from an…
A: Answer :- Option (C) is correct. - Aging.
Q: Give an example of each of the following types of viruses a. Double stranded DNA b. Single stranded…
A: Viruses are intracellular, obligately parasitic, non-cellular, sub-microscopic organisms that…
Q: Natural selection occurs when which of the following conditions are met? Individual organisms…
A: Natural selection can be referred to as the method by which the most well-adapted forms of living…
Q: Question 28 Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of digestion? O pancreas O gall bladder…
A: Answer is appendix
Q: Where is the TATA box found? O It is found in the termination sequence after the gene. O It is found…
A: TATA box is a sequence of TATAAT of six nucleotides. It is found in eukaryotes.
Q: True or False: Polymerases open the DNA and create the replication bubble while helicases run…
A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer made up of two polynucleotide chains which wrap around one…
Q: If American cacti and African spurges were closely related, could they be used to show that…
A: Introduction Evolution is the process of a species' features changing over numerous generations…
Q: Explain the underlying cause of inborn errors of metabolism (a diagram can be used to illustrate…
A: Inborn errors of metabolism are metabolic disorders which occurs due to the genetic disorders which…
Q: Draw the formula of papaverine hydrochloride, mark the tertiary
A: The mechanism of action probably relates to PDE inhibition, which results in an increase in cyclic…
Q: Female Drosophila with cinnabar eye (cn) and vestigial wings (vg) were mates to males with roof…
A: "Inheritance" is the process through which a child gets genetic information from his or her parents.…
Q: s can Cell membranes can maintain a difference in electrical charge between the inte- rior of the…
A: Introduction The amount of work energy required to convey a unit of electric charge from a reference…
Q: Approximately what percentage of DNA is noncoding? a 98% b 2% c 50% d 25%
A: DNA can be described as an organic molecule that includes genetic information as well as…
Q: What are the different animal camouflage tactics? Name what animal has the ability for each
A: Concealing coloration, disruptive colouring, disguise, and mimicry are the 4 main forms of…
Q: With a diagram trace the movement of electron during the LRP of photosynthesis.
A: Photosynthesis is a process in which carbon dioxide and water is used up as raw material along with…
Q: In cichlid fish, GNRH becomes increasingly active in the brain cells of: A dull color fish O A…
A: GnRH: Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone is the releasing hormone and key regulator for reproductive…
Q: Explain why a loss or an excess in genetic material leads to the expression of an abnormal
A: Introduction :- Mutations are changes in a gene's DNA that are abnormal. Bases are the basic…
Q: Question 17 Osmosis is the movement of across a selectively permeable membrane. O sugars O oxygen O…
A: Introduction Semipermeable membrane:- It is a type of biological or synthetic, the polymeric…
Q: two types of xenobiotic protection ( Toxicokinetically and toxicodynamically)
A: Xenobiotics are chemicals to which an inoculum is exposed that are not intrinsic to the organism's…
Q: Select the barriers that contribute the difficulty of treating intracellular gram-negative bacterial…
A: Gram-negative bacteria's cell membrane is made up of 2 layers, the inner and outer membranes,…
Q: Which statement describes the most likely outcome for the owl and toad populations in an environment…
A: skyglow causesthe owl population to experience a decrease in hunting success it can be explained by…
Q: what is/are the importance of the sense and missense/antisense strands and 2. what are the…
A:
Q: Table 1. Comparison of structure, function, and behavior of the five (5) major echinoderm classes.…
A: Echinoderms They share common ancestor with the hemichordates and chordates. They are enterocoelus…
Q: The oldest known named species of Homo is_____ . a. H. sapiens c. H. erectus b. H. habilis d. H.…
A: Evolution is defined as the change in the inheritable characteristics of a species over generations…
Q: Describe the Ti plasmid binary vector system usee in plant transformation and provide details of how…
A:
Q: Webbed fingers is inherited as an X-linked disease An unaffected male marries an affected female. a.…
A: Let, XF - non webbed X linked allele Xf - webbed X linked allele Genotype of the unaffected male -…
Q: which laboratory method can be used to quantify levels of mRNAs expressed in samples of two…
A: Biological approaches are a well-developed field in process technology for treating a wide range of…
Q: Match the following. Write correct answer in the form of 1a, 5b, etc. in the space provided. 1.…
A: Gene knockout (KO) is a procedure that involves altering the genomic DNA of a cell or a mechanistic…
Q: What is the starting point of all research in genomics? a out-of-Africa theory b PCR c gene…
A: The branch of Biology that deals with the study of the structure, function and other attributes of…
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 1 images
- Describe the effects of (1) oligomycin and (2) uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, e.g., dinitrophenol (DNP), carbonyl cyanide-p- trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), on respiration and ATP synthesis when added to a suspension of mitochondria with excess malate, ADP, and inorganic phosphate (Pi).(a) Consider the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate by NAD*: malate + NAD+ → oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ In yeast mitochondria, where the pH = 8.1, this reaction is exergonic only at low oxaloacetate concentrations. Assuming a pH = 8.1, a temperature of 37 °C, and the steady-state concentrations given below, calculate the maximum concentration of oxaloacetate at which the reaction will still be exergonic. malate + NAD*→ oxaloacetate + NADH + H* lactate + NAD →→ pyruvate + NADH + H+ half reaction Pyruvate + 2H+ + 2e → lactate Pyruvate + CO₂ + H + 2e → malate Intracellular steady state concentrations: malate = 410 μM; NAD = 20.0 mM; pyruvate = 3.22 mM; NADH = 290 μM; AG=+29.7 kJ/mol AG¹ = +25.1 kJ/mol E° (V) - 0.190 - 0.330 lactate 1.1 mM CO₂ = 15.5 torra. Some of the acetyl-CoA used in the citric acid cycle is produced from pyruvate. List the reactants and products of this reaction. The reactants are pyruvate and The products are acetyl-CoA and In the process, a(n) is to b. Name an enzyme complex that catalyzes this reaction and list its negative effectors. is the enzyme complex that catalyzes this reaction. Its negative effectors are and
- Discuss the relationship between redox potentials E0’ and the organization of the components of the electron transport chain. Be specific, i.e., use data/actual values to back up your discussion. a) What are the values of E0’ for all the components of the ETS? b)How are the E0’ related to ∆G values? c) How do the values of E0’ vary among the participants in the ETS relative to their position in the ETS?The phosphorylation and oxidative decarboxylation of oxaloacetate by inorganic phosphate (Pi) to make phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide is endergonic under intracellular conditions. It is characterized by this equation: Oxaloacetate + Pi ←→ Phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O + CO2 ΔG’ = +24.6 kJ/mol The synthesis of GTP from GDP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) in solution is endergonic under intracellular conditions, and it is characterized by this equation: GDP + Pi ←→ GTP + H2O ΔG’ = +30.5 kJ/mol Write a new net thermodynamically coupled reaction equation that describes the synthesis of phosphoenolpyruvate from oxaloacetate using the hydrolysis of GTP to power the reaction and calculate the new net ΔG’ of this reaction. Show all of your work.Given the overall equation for respiration (C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O), in which step(s) in the respiratory pathway is/are each of the reactants used up and each of the products made? Photosynthetic reactions require NADPH while NADH is involved in aerobic respiration. These two molecules regulate both the biosynthetic and the catabolic activity of the cell. Explain how they do this. Note that NAD+ kinase phosphorylates NAD+ to produce NADPH+.
- Acid phosphatases are an important group of enzymes that can be detected in human bloodserum. Under slightly acidic conditions (pH 5.0), this group of enzymes can hydrolyzebiological phosphate esters as follows:R-O-P-O3-2 + H2O -----> R-OH + HO-P-O3-2Acid phosphatases are produced and can be detected in erythrocytes, kidney, spleen, the liver,and prostrate gland. The enzyme from the prostrate gland is clinically important because anincreased activity in the blood is frequently an indication of cancer of the prostrate gland.Tartrate ion can strongly inhibit the phosphatase from the prostrate gland, but not acidphosphatases from other tissues. How can you use the information above to develop a specific procedure for measuring the activity of the acid phosphatase of the prostrate gland in humanblood serum?Propose a mechanism for the Co2 + catalyzed hydrolysis of glycinamide.Help filling in the blanks: Folic acid is a [1/2/3] carbon carrier that can carry the carbon(s) in multiple oxidation states. S-adenosyl methionine is exclusively a [carboxyl/methyl/formyl] carrier. [TPP/NAD+/FAD/CoA] is a cofactor used to decarboxylate a-keto acids. [TPP/NAD+/FAD/CoA] activates acyl groups for transfer to other organic molecules. [TPP/NAD+/FAD/CoA] is capable of forming double bonds between carbons or disulfide bridges because it can carry electrons singly. [TPP/NAD+/FAD/CoA] on the other hand is better at oxidizing alcohols to ketones because it takes a hydride ion from a donor molecule.
- Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is important for cell survival. The synthesis of S1P from sphingosine and ATP is catalyzed by the enzyme sphingosine kinase. An understanding of the kinetics of the sphingosine kinase reaction may be important in the development of drugs to treat cancer. The velocity of the sphingosine kinase reaction was measured in the presence and absence of threo-sphingosine, a stereoisomer of sphingosine that inhibits the enzyme. The results are shown below. Construct a Lineweaver-Burk plot to answer the following questions: (a) What are the apparent KM and Vmax values in the presence and absence of the inhibitor? (b) What kind of an inhibitor is threo-sphingosine? Explain.Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is important for cell survival. The synthesis of S1P from sphingosine and ATP is catalyzed by the enzyme sphingosine kinase. An understanding of the kinetics of the sphingosine kinase reaction may be important in the development of drugs to treat cancer. The velocity of the sphingosine kinase reaction was measured in the presence and absence of threo-sphingosine, a stereoisomer of sphingosine that inhibits the enzyme. The results are shown below. Construct a Lineweaver–Burk plot to answer the following questions: (a) What are the apparent KM and Vmax values in the presence and absence of the inhibitor? (b) What kind of an inhibitor is threo-sphingosine? Explain.Given the following information, calculate the physiological ΔG of the isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction at 25°C and pH 7.0: [NAD+]/[NADH] = 8, [α-ketoglutarate] = 0.1 mM, and [isocitrate] = 0.02 mM. Assume standard conditions for CO2 (ΔG°′ is given in Table). Is this reaction a likely site for metabolic control?