An adaptation is any structural, physiological or behavioural trait that an organism's in its Genetic fitness means an its chance of and organism has adaptations or traits that in a specific environment. Plants and animals struggle: For nutrients . For water For protection against weather • Against being eaten by predators Against disease . For space To reproduce How do adaptations help organisms survive? Well adapted organisms can cope better with extremes of weather. Adaptations can for food. The adaptions might allow from predators. Overall, well adapted organisms are more likely to survive in their habitat and produce offspring.
An adaptation is any structural, physiological or behavioural trait that an organism's in its Genetic fitness means an its chance of and organism has adaptations or traits that in a specific environment. Plants and animals struggle: For nutrients . For water For protection against weather • Against being eaten by predators Against disease . For space To reproduce How do adaptations help organisms survive? Well adapted organisms can cope better with extremes of weather. Adaptations can for food. The adaptions might allow from predators. Overall, well adapted organisms are more likely to survive in their habitat and produce offspring.
Chapter1: The Study Of Human Development
Section1.1: Thinking About Development
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Transcribed Image Text:An adaptation is any structural, physiological or behavioural trait that
an organism's
in its
Genetic fitness means an
its chance of
and
organism has adaptations or traits that,
in a specific environment.
Plants and animals struggle:
For nutrients
. For water
For
protection against weather
Against being eaten by predators
. Against disease
.
For space
• To reproduce
How do adaptations help organisms survive?
Well adapted organisms can cope better with extremes of weather. Adaptations can_______
for food. The adaptions might allow
from
predators. Overall, well adapted organisms are more likely to survive in their habitat and
produce offspring.
How do adaptations arise?
Organisms become adapted to their immediate environment over a period of time through
the process of
The
characteristics that are
or changes in
best adapted to the environment are selected for. Genetic
DNA can introduce more,
in a species.
Evolution of Complex Adaptations
Complex adaptations, such as the change from a simple to a complex eye, evolved over
time as a result of a series of
adaptive changes.
The adaptations in the organisms living today are the result of natural selection acting on
genetic variations that arose at particular times in history. There are
three types of adaptations, structural, physiological and behavioural.
1. Structural Adaptations
Anatomical changes
1. The first type of structural adaptations are,
in the
or arrangement of particular features either
or
can improve survival. Ex. Arrangement of teeth, shape of fins or
beaks, long digestive tract of herbivores
2. A second structural adaptation is,
which allows one species to
resemble another species that might be dangerous to a predator.
3. Thirdly,
makes potential prey difficult to spot. Ex. A
ea horse called a sea dragon looks like the algae in which it lives
Two Categories of Structural Adaptations
A. Homologous structures - similarity in structure due to
evolutionary
dependent on
origin,
function. Ex. vertebrate forearms:
Homology and analogy
Homology
Bat wing
Human arm
human hand, bat wing, whale fin,
cat leg.
Mouse foreimb
B. Analogous structures - similarity
in structure based on
O
Analogy
for the
Batwing
Butterfly wing
Bird wing
not on
common evolutionary origin. Ex.
wings have developed
independently in insects, reptiles,
birds, and bats for the function of
flying
2. Physiological Adaptations
Physiological adaptations are associated with changes in the
inside organisms Ex. enzymes for blood clotting, chemical defenses of plants, silk for spider
webs
3. Behavioural Adaptations
Behavioural adaptations are associated with how organisms
Ex: migrations, courtship, foraging behaviour, response of
plants towards light
Extinction and Adaptations
A species is extinct when the species has
from our Earth. Extinction
frequently occurs when the,
or habitat undergoes some
that the species can not adapt to. Ex. Climate change or human predation
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