Which of the following are affected by changes in DNA methylation? Choose all that apply. The interactions between specific proteins and DNA sequences. The sequence of a trans-acting regulatory element The sequence of a cis-acting regulatory element
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- How do dietary factors interact with DNA methyltransferase to affect an organism's phenotype in an epigenetic manner? Some dietary factors degrade DNA methyltransferase, preventing it from removing methyl groups from sections of DNA, thereby altering gene expression Some dietary factors interact with methyl groups directly preventing DNA methyltransferase from methylating any DNA, changing gene expression in the organism as a result Some dietary factors inhibit DNA methyltransferaseactivity, reducing the methylation of the organism's DNA and changing its gene expression Some dietary factors bind toDNA methyltransferaseand enable it to methylateDNA, thereby changing geneexpression Some dietary factors upregulate DNA methyltransferase activity, increasing the overall methylationof the organism's DNA and changing its gene expressionWhat are the details of the epigenetic processes involved in gene regulation of Histone Modification and DNA methylation? Summarizing these concepts please: All possible enzymes involved ; Reader/writer/eraser designation for the enzyme; Effect on gene expression or consequences; function of the modificationChaperone proteins interact with the polypeptide sequence formed in translation. How might a mutant chaperone protein be responsible for a genetic disorder involving an enzyme? The poly a tail may be too short. O It might cause the promoter to be misread. The polypeptide may be folded incorrectly. O It might form an incorrect amino acid sequence. O It may cause an epigenetic change such a methylation.
- If a section of a chromosome is heavily methylated, which of the following is likely to be true? Group of answer choices That portion of the chromosome is transcriptionally active That portion of the chromosome consists of euchromatin That portion of the chromosome is transcriptionally quiet RNA polymerase will have easy access to the DNA in that regionWhich of the following DNA regulatory protein “motifs” consists of three a-helices, in a single polypeptide, acting independently of other polypeptides in the regulation of DNA? the leucine zipper the zinc finger the homeodomain all of the above none of the above Which of the following processes regulates the maturation of mRNA from hnRNA (in the control of gene expression in humans and other eukaryotes)? translation of polypeptides self-replication of DNA processing of RNA transcription of RNA self-replication of RNAIS. Alternative splicing has been estimated to occur in more than 95% of multi-exon genes. Which of the following is not an evolutionary advantage of alternative splicing? Alternative splicing increases diversity without increasing genome size Different gene isoforms can be expressed in different tissues Alternative splicing creates shorter mRNA transcripts Different gene isoforms can be expressed during different stages of development.
- Give examples of the different classes of mutations that affect the base sequence of DNA in protein encoding genes and explain the effects that each has on the polypeptide produced.Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms? transcriptional-level control processing-level control translational level-control replication-level controlsThe diagram below shows the structure of DNA from the level of a gene to a condensed mitotic chromosome. At each of the four locations marked, indicate how a gene may be regulated by selecting from the choices given. Some answer choices may fit into more than one position; however, you should use each answer choice only once. Choices given: Alternative splicing within the gene sequence can lead to different forms of mRNA. A promoter region can be blocked by another protein. Histone deacetylation can prevent DNA from unwinding. A regulatory region can be bound and increase transcription rates.
- The following image shows the 'beads-on-a-string' model of DNA and the effects of histone modification on chromatin structure. What effect does histone acetylation have on Gene 1? Gene 1 De-acetylation Acetylation Ac Ac Gene 1 Ac Ac Ac O Acetylation increases expression of Gene 1 O Acetylation decreases expression of Gene 1 O Acetylation causes a mutation in Gene 1 O There is no way to tell from this figureA codon is a triplet of bases which codes for an amino acid. Exons are intervening sequence that are not spliced out during transcriptiona modification. RNA can never be double-stranded like DNA in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Alteration in BRCA-2 results to breast and ovarian cancer because of defect in the repair by homologous recombination. Write T if the statement is true and write F if the statement is falseWhich of the following would not be the consequence of alternative splicing? Two genes to express the same transcript isoform the same gene to express the isoforms with different 5' untranslated region O The same gene to express isoforms with different coding region