How to identify the Vmax and the Michaelis constant (Km) in an enzyme kinetics graph?
Q: Applying: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have many differences, but they also share some common fe...
A: Prokaryotes are microscopic single-celled organelles that lack nuclear envelopes. Their cell wall is...
Q: Summarize the early evidence indicating that some genes specify the structure of proteins.
A: Proteins have amazing chemical capabilities because the chemical groups on their surfaces frequently...
Q: Give me a good introduction for the use of citric acid as antioxidant to preserve the flavor of food...
A: Citric acid is one of the most common food additives and flavor enhancers. It can be found naturally...
Q: Which statement is NOT true of sterols? Question 8 options: Sterols have a structure that incl...
A: Sterols are fat molecules that are commonly found in cells. Sterols are non-polar molecules that are...
Q: An enzyme following Michaelis-Menten kinetics was found to have highest activity at 37° C and pH 7. ...
A: Turnover frequency is the efficiency of an enzyme which is calculated from its turnover number . Tur...
Q: When water and oil in the presence of an emulsifying agent are mixed, they do not separate. Why? Wha...
A: Hi, thank you for posting the question on Bartleby. As per the guidelines we can answer only one que...
Q: Calculate the amount of ATP generated from the total oxidation of an unactivated polyunsaturated C21...
A: Metabolism includes biosynthesis/ reduction (an anabolic process) and oxidation (catabolic p...
Q: You have a reaction that is very slow on its own, but is accelerated in the presence of an enzyme. W...
A: 1. Enzyme increased Kcat - Kcat is the maximal velocity of the catalyzed reaction divided by the to...
Q: Explain how cellular communication occurs on molecular and cellular levels. Provide examples
A: Cell signaling has great importance because most of the working of the cell take place by cell signa...
Q: Which of the following statements differentiates structurally albumin (a globular protein) structura...
A: Macromolecules are the higher molecular mass compounds. The macromolecules of living systems are ter...
Q: What is the effect of cholesterol when they are embedded in membranes? 1. Cholesterol alters the...
A:
Q: rollowing -passed; 1.e., odui ucing nto the electron transport chain without using this complex are ...
A: ETC or electron transport chain is the process which leads to ATP synthesis. The ETC occurs in the i...
Q: H* ions generated by reactions in the electron transport chain, as well as H* ions present in the ma...
A: The ETC is an ordered arrangement of electron carriers in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are...
Q: QUESTION 7 The monosaccharides shown below are H. HO H -HO- HO H H- HO H но HO- HO- CH,OH CH,OH O En...
A: Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula, but different arrangement of atoms. Isomers a...
Q: The protein illustrated in the attached picture was isolated from a superhuman being. Scientists the...
A: Introduction: Proteins are also known as polypeptides are organic compounds that are made up of amin...
Q: Calculate the pH of a solution containing 0.0314 M malic acid and 0.020 M potassium hydrogen malate....
A: Given Values: Ka1 = 3.48×10-4 Ka2 = 8×10-6 Conc. of malic acid = 0.0314 M Conc. of potassium hydroge...
Q: Polysaccharides generally do not give a positive test with Fehling’s solution. Why? *
A: Postive test with Fehling's solution- Given by reducing sugar Polysaccharides- Long chain of monone...
Q: A Meselson-Stahl-experiment was performed to study the DNA replication of a newly discovered bacteri...
A: The DNA is a double helical structure composed of 2 strands of DNA intertwined with each other in th...
Q: 15. During vigorous physical activity, a lot of pyruvate is generated inside muscle cells. Show, thr...
A: Hi. Thank you for the question. As per the honor code, we'll answer the first question since the exa...
Q: 7. To improve the digestion of food proteins in chronic inflammatory-dystrophic disorders of the pan...
A: Chronic inflammatory dystrophies are a disorder of pancreas also called chronic pancreatitis. In thi...
Q: f the cell used one molecule of glucose and there was no loss of energy or intermediates what is the...
A:
Q: 8. "Salting-out" is a process A. to represent the certain molecules are ionized in a solution B. whe...
A: Salt is a molecule composed of positive and negative ions when dissolved in water. Salt molecules ar...
Q: Consider the following statements: (1) The term sugar is a general designation for both monosacchari...
A: Tge term SUGAR is a general designation for both mono and disaccharide. Glucose (monosaccharide) is ...
Q: Are all the proteins separated properly using isoelectric focusing? Why or why not?
A: The pH at which average charge on a protein is zero is termed as its isoelectric point and is design...
Q: Brick-red colour appeared in Benedict's test indicates that glucose is oxidized inthe solution. 4.
A: “Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If youwant any sp...
Q: Circle and label the hemiacetal functional group and the acetal functional group in each of the foll...
A: Carbohydrate is a macronutrient that the body uses to generate energy and form complexes that are ne...
Q: What is the correct name of this linear glucose molecule, and how many chiral carbons does it have?
A: Carbohydrates are the basic energy source of organisms. They include glucose, fructose, lactose, and...
Q: Below are structures of several steroid hormones derived from cholesterol. Circle the steroid nucleu...
A: Steroids are biological compounds which have four rings with specific molecular configuration. Stero...
Q: (Vmax.f [S] - (Vmax,b [P] KM,b [P] vo [S] 1+ KM.f KM.b ||
A: In this enzyme kinetics, I am going assume a general mechanism and then derive the rate equation. As...
Q: Is it possible to design a compact or hand-held version of the instrument that can be used in field ...
A: Of the 34 million people infected with HIV worldwide, 68% live in sub-Saharan Africa, and South Sout...
Q: What is it about the structure of cellulose and starch would cause these two sugars to produce lower...
A: Carbohydrates are classified as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides based on the ...
Q: Fat from beef will give positive result to (Ninhydrin test).
A: “Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If youwant any sp...
Q: Which of the following characteristics of B-sheet is incorrect? O In anti-parallel fashion, strands ...
A: Proteins are the polymers of twenty standard amino acids attached together via peptide bonds. The li...
Q: YA) All of the following satisfy the requirements of Complex V oxidative phosphorylation, EXCEPT Com...
A: The reduced electron carriers, NADH and FADH2 are produced as a byproduct of glycolysis. The electro...
Q: How did the scientists measure the exact amount of unfolded proteins at each temperature to determin...
A: The folding and unfolding of proteins is still a mystery. However, the unfolding dynamics of the pro...
Q: What are the important considerations that you have to remember in antibody identification What is t...
A: Introduction: The ABO blood group system is considered to be an important blood group system in huma...
Q: Which of the following is not a helix destabilizer? O Adjacent amino acid residues with big, hydroph...
A: A helix is a protein secondary structure that is defined as the regular arrangement of nearby residu...
Q: How do enzymes function? What is the lock-and-key model and “induced-fit” in relation to its functio...
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that help processes go faster. They are unique to their environment...
Q: Provide an example where "gradient" acting as a force and driving life
A:
Q: In which of the following is the pairing between enzyme type and enzyme function incorrect? mutase -...
A: Enzymes are proteins that enable our bodies' metabolism, or chemical reactions, to go more quickly. ...
Q: There are two lipid samples the other one contains three double while the other one contains only. W...
A: Fatty acids are the simplest form of lipid, contain a long hydrocarbon chain and a carboxyl group. T...
Q: Which factor is least likely to result in protein denaturation? disruption of weak interactions by b...
A: Protein denaturation is the process by which a protein loses its tertiary structure and therefore it...
Q: O a person who makes fun of people who train by imitating them O a drug that can cause the effects o...
A: Exercise is generally considered as a physical activity in which mostly the skeletal muscles under g...
Q: at is the purpose of the PCR technique in Covid testing?
A: The question is all about the PCR technique i.e polymerase chain reaction technique. It is the techn...
Q: hoose the reagents that help unfold the protein molecules into same shape and charge density. a. ...
A: Proteins are the linear chain of amino acid sequences attached through peptide bonds. Proteins are c...
Q: Tertiary structures refer to the three-dimensional arrangement of every atom in the molecule. On the...
A: The proteins have several levels of structural organizations that ultimately determine the final fol...
Q: One of the key biological characteristics of SARS-COV-2, as well as several other viruses, is the pr...
A: SARS-CoV-2 uses several members Protein as active antigens. One of the most important is the Spike p...
Q: When dATP binds in the A site, it acts as an inhibitor. ATP also binds in this site, but with much l...
A: Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are enzymes that are crucial for DNA biosynthesis and repair. The r...
Q: The diploid chromosome number for the body cells of afrog is 26. What would that number be after thr...
A: Meiosis begins with a diploid cell and results in the formation of four genetically distinct haploid...
Q: The comparative form of far is more far
A: This statement given is not correct grammatically. There are three forms of comparison that we use i...
How to identify the Vmax and the Michaelis constant (Km) in an enzyme kinetics graph?
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 1 images
- How is the Michaelis constant defined, and what does a low or high value for Km tell you? What is the difference between the velocity and initial velocity of an enzyme reaction? What determines the efficiency of an enzyme reaction, and what terms are used to describe it?An enzyme that follows simple Michaelis–Menten kinetics has an initial reaction velocity of 10 µmol⋅min-1 when the substrate concentration is five times greater than the KM. What is the Vmax of this enzyme in µmol⋅min−1?Although graphical methods are available for accurate determination of the Vmax and Km of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, sometimes these quantities can be quickly estimated by inspecting values of V0 at increasing [S]. Estimate the Vmax and Km of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction for which the following data were obtained:
- The Lineweaver-Burke plot was originally developed in order to "linearize" the data obtained from enzyme kinetics experiments, in order to facilitate the determination of kinetic parameters. Why is it not considered to be an accurate method for this purpose? It is very difficult to draw a straight line on a computer. It is very difficult to calculate the variables required for the "x" and "y" axis. It is more accurate to use the standard "V versus [S]" plot to determine Vmax and KM- The plot weights the least accurate data points the most heavily. It is no longer considered to be acceptable to extrapolate from known data.The rates at various substrate concentrations for an enzyme-catalysed reaction (b) are recorded as follows: 2.5 5.0 10.0 15.0 (S]/10 M 2.2 3.8 5.9 7.1 Vo/ M min Assuming the reaction obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics, calculate the following values by using Lineweaver-Burk plot () maximum rate, Vmax- (i) Michaelis constant, Km- (ii) turnover number, kz.The Lineweaver-Burk plot, which illustrates the reciprocal of the reaction rate (1/v) versus the reciprocal of the substrate concentration (1/[S]), is a graphical representation of enzyme kinetics. This plot is typically used to determine the maximum rate, Vmax, and the Michaelis constant, Km, which can be gleaned from the intercepts and slope. Identify each intercept and the slope in terms of the constants Vmax and Km. What term is represented by C? Linewegver-Burk Pt 1/Vmax O A. В. -1/Km Km/Vmax C.
- Draw three different Lineweaver-Burke plots for an enzyme in the presence or absence of a (1) competitive inhibitor, (2) uncompetitive inhibitor, (3) noncompetitive inhibitor. Indicate on your graphs: Vmax, max (app), Km and Km (app) for each case.If a michaelis-type enzyme has an apparent Km of 2*10^-8 and apparent Vmax of 1*10^-4 moles/min in the presence of 1*10^-3 M uncompetitive inhibitor (Ki=1*10^-7 M), what is the true Km of the enzymeMake a v vs. [S] plot for an enzyme that obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a Vmax of 150 mM/min and Km of 1.5 mM.
- For an enzyme obeying the Michaelis-Menten equation with Km = 5 µM, kcat = 10 s-¹ and a total enzyme concentration of 1 nM, Calculate Vmax. Calculate the substrate concentration at which v = 0.1 Vmax Calculate the substrate concentration at which v = 0.9 Vmax What fraction of the enzyme is bound to substrate when v = 0.9 Vmax? Sketch a graph showing the Michaelis-Menten plot. Make sure you label the axes on your plot. Label on the graph: i) the point on the graph at which S=Km ii) Vmax At low substrate concentration, v = Keat [Etot] [S] Km Circle on your graph where this equation applies. What name is used to refer to keat/Km? : Calculate keat/Km for this enzyme. How does this value compare with the fastest enzymes?Given the following enzyme kinetics data, determine the maximal velocity and the Michaelis constant of the enzyme. Show your solutionsThe table below lists experimental conditions that can be applied to a reaction catalyzed by a hypothetical Michaelis–Menten enzyme. For each experimental condition described, complete the table to indicate as precisely as possible the effect (no change, half as large doubles, increases, decreases) on the maximal velocity, Vmax, and Michaelis constant, KM, of the hypothetical enzyme.