In a study conducted by an undergraduate student, Simran obtained data showing that approximately 75% of the European Northern human population demonstrate the expression of a phenotype directly associated with the homozygous dominant genotype, while 25% display the mutant phenotype despite their genotypes being homozygous dominant. Propose two hypotheses for this observation.
Q: Epigenetics addresses a) the mechanism by which the environment alters a person’s genotype. b) the…
A: Answer : Option (C) is correct. ~ the mechanisms that can alter gene expression.
Q: Clearly there is significant genetic variation associated with susceptibility to COVID-19. Does that…
A: Coronavirus is a small and harmful virus
Q: Explain at the biochemical or enzymatic level, the phenotypic consequences of alleles incase of…
A: This is the phenomenon called incomplete dominance which is usually seen in snapdragons. In the…
Q: Name the common and rare alleles found in the human population of the TAS2R38 gene
A:
Q: A Koi fish breeder wants to introduce a variety of colours in his current Koi population. In Koi,…
A: Parent's Genotypes: - Parent 1:- YyBB:- Gametes:- YB, yB Parent 2:- OOgg:- Gametes:- Og Punnett…
Q: suppose that for sexually active male drosophila fruit flies in a particular genetic lab, the mean…
A: The selection of independent and dependent variable is very much important in case of any scientific…
Q: Why three, four, or more loci cannot function in a similar fashionin controlling various…
A: Phenotype is defined as the observable and identification characteristics or traits present or found…
Q: In a study, an undergraduate student discovered a new enzyme involved in the metabolism of…
A: Enzymes are usually protein molecules which catalyzes several biochemical reactions. It works as a…
Q: Provide a proof that a different phenotype can be produced from the same genotype. What are the…
A: A phenotype is a set of observable characteristics about a person, such as height, eye colour, and…
Q: Imagine we identify a gene that is directly responsible for the effects of vasopressin on male…
A: The genetic constitution of every individual is almost similar except for few sites called small…
Q: The color of chickens is determined by interacting loci: AA or Aa give white, aaBB or aaBb give…
A: AA o Aa = dominant (white) aa = recessive (color)
Q: and phenotypic effect are found in bacteria, flowering plants, insects, birds, amphibians, and…
A: Ans - conserved
Q: The following table describes the merle gene expression. Genotype Phenotype MM White Mm Half colour…
A: As Given in the problem- EE (results Black Coat), Ee (will give Grey/Light red; due to incomplete…
Q: The following system models the exchange of nutrients between mother and fetus in the placenta:…
A: The mechanism below simulates the flow of nutrients between the mother and the fetus in the womb.…
Q: Determine the justification for variation in the phenotypic expression of MERRF in identical twins.
A: Myoclonus Epilepsy with Ragged-Red Fibers Syndrome, often known as MERRF, affects the neurological…
Q: Define Genome-wide analysis of allele-specific expression ?
A: Allele-specific expressions occur due to preferential expression of a parental allele in a hybrid.…
Q: The gene controlling Abo blood type and the gene under lying nail patella syndrome are said to show…
A: The genetic linkage is a condition in which two or more genes tend to inherit together and do not…
Q: There are two genes that determine the coat colour expression in some dogs: eumelanin and merle.…
A: Given: There are two genes that determine the coat color expression in some dogs: eumelanin and…
Q: In humans, free ear lobes (E) is dominant over attached ear lobes (e), and brown eyes (B) is…
A: The answer is given below.
Q: The use of nucleotide sequence data to measure genetic variability is complicated by the fact that…
A: A nucleotide is AN organic molecule that's the building block of DNA and ribonucleic acid. They even…
Q: There are two genes that determine the coat colour expression in some dogs: eumelanin and merle.…
A: The E encodes black coat. And it is dominant over e allele. The ee encodes red coat color. The MM…
Q: hich of the following best explains how individuals who inherit phenylketonuria alleles can avoid…
A: Phenylketoneuria is a rare genetic condition in which a person is unable to dogest the amino acid…
Q: The Soay sheep of St. Kilda Island near Scotland have changed coat color over the past 20 years,…
A: Phenotype is an “observable characteristic”. A genotype is the actual “pair of alleles” present in…
Q: While most commercial hens lay white eggs, certain Chinese and Chilean hens lay blue-green eggs. It…
A: It is given that blue eggshell pigment allele (B) is dominant to white. If the hen population is in…
Q: In mice, the A allele causes agouti fur, the AY allele causes yellow fur and is dominant to the A…
A: Introduction Certain genes are absolutely essential for the survival of an organism and the allele…
Q: 1 II 1 2 a) Assume that colour is controlled by a single sex-influenced gene where green is…
A: a- In second generation female (1) would be red . b- due to cytoplasmic inheritance both would be of…
Q: Two loci contribute to eyelash length in angora rabbits (locus A and B). Assuming additive…
A: Additive genetic variance means each allele that is inherited has a particular contribution to the…
Q: Which of the following is the definition of the term named Genes? a.Refers to genes that have…
A: Heredity is the process of transmission of genetic variations from the parents to the offsprings.…
Q: a. The ABO blood groups are controlled by the alleles of a single gene. A very rare example of…
A: ABO blood types used to identify the presence of antigens. There could be the presence of one, both…
Q: The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the IA, IB, and i alleles. The IA allele encodes the…
A: Dominance is a relationship between two alleles of one gene that affect the phenotype of one allele…
Q: describe the most likely cause of a heritable phenotypic change in some members of a population of…
A: Malaria is caused by four different species of the parasite Plasmodium. This parasite undergoes two…
Q: What is the genomic conflict hypothesis for the origin of genomic imprinting?
A: Genomic imprinting is a phenomenon of inheritance which is independent of the Mendelian inheritance.…
Q: Most black bears (Ursus americanus) are black or brown in color. However, occasional white bears of…
A: As given in the question, allele that encodes for the black or brown color (A) is dominant over the…
Q: How does the study of maze bright and maze dull rats raised in different cages show us that…
A: Individual behavioral variations were thought to be a result of environmental, rather than genetic…
Q: There are two genes that determine the coat colour expression in dogs: eumelanin and merle. These…
A: Introduction:- An allele is dominant if it has the same phenotypic effect in the heterozygote as…
Q: If the frequency of the "green" form of red-green color blindness (due to an X-linked locus) is 5…
A: X linked inheritance is a type of inheritance in which gene that is responsible for prevalence of…
Q: What is meant by the genetic conflict hypothesis?
A: Introduction The study of genes, genetic diversity, and inheritance in living things is the focus…
Q: For gain-of-function disorders, which of the following treatment strategies is the be . A. Gene…
A: Introduction :- Gain-of-function (gof) genetic illnesses are caused by the ectopic or enhanced…
Q: what would be the polar bears instantaneous rate of increase (dN/dt) if the Polar bears are…
A: Here, N represents population density at any time t. K represents carrying capacity of the habitat.…
Q: Assume that colour is controlled by a single sex-influenced gene where green is expressed…
A: Introduction Some traits are carried on the sex chromosomes, X and Y. Most traits carried are…
Q: A male black short furred cat mates with a ginger short furred female cat – without further…
A: Genetics is the scientific study of genes and heredity—how certain characteristics or…
Q: in a randomly mating laboratory population of Drosophila, 4% of the flies have black bodies, and 96%…
A: Since there are multiple questions, I will answer the first question.
Q: In squirrels, individuals that are heterozygous for the mutant LDL receptor gene( Fa) begin to…
A: In the case mentioned above, the squirrels experience heart attacks quite early when they have both…
Q: Select all examples of mutations that are likely to be dominant to wild-type alleles. Check All That…
A: Mutations These are the alterations in the sequence of DNA caused by the mistakes occurred during…
Q: William Jeffrey and his colleagues crossed surface-dwelling Mexican tetras that had fully developed…
A: Sonic Hedgehog : Master Gene for Embryogenesis In the days before molecular biology, embhryologists…
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- Propose a hypotheses for this observation: In a study conducted by an undergraduate student, he obtained data showing that approximately 75% of the European Northern human population demonstrate the expression of a phenotype directly associated with the homozygous dominant genotype, while 25% display the mutant phenotype despite their genotypes being homozygous dominant.Hi, would you plaase answer this question? In a study conducted by an undergraduate student, the obtained data showed that approximately 75% of the European Northern human population demonstrate the expression of a phenotype directly associated with the homozygous dominant genotype, while 25% display the mutant phenotype despite their genotypes being homozygous dominant. Using your knowledge propose two hypotheses for this observation.In the nematode C. elegans, homozygosity for the e mutant allele causes an extreme "uncoordinated" phenotype, where the worm completely loses its ability to move. Examination of 100 individuals with genotype e/e reveals that 60 mutant worm can't move at all, 35 show a very reduced ability to move, and the remaining 5 seem to have a completely wild-type phenotype with respect to movement ability. These observations suggest that e has O incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity O low expressivity and variable penetrance Ohigh expressivity and variable penetrance O high penetrance and incomplete expressivity
- The following data for the genotypes at the alcohol dehydrogenase locus were observed from a sample of Drosophila melanogaster. Sample size 1000 FF 550 FF=0.55; FS=0.34; SS=0.11 O F-0.72; S=0.28 FF=0.078; FS=0.40; SS=0.52 FS What are the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium genotype frequencies for each genotype based upon this sample? OFF=0.52; FS=0.40; SS=0.078 340 SS 110A certain form of congenital glaucoma is caused by an autosomalrecessive allele. Assume that the mutation rate is 10-5 and that peoplewith this condition produce, on the average, only about 80% of theoffspring produced by people who do not have glaucoma.a. At equilibrium between mutation and selection, what will the frequencyof the gene for congenital glaucoma be?b. What will the frequency of the disease be in a randomly matingpopulation that is at equilibrium?APOE gene has been found to be a major contributor to sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), by acting as an age-of-onset modifier for the common relatively late-onset forms of the disease. Among four alleles causing early onset of AD, the epsilon4 allele (APOE4) disrupts this function. If you generate transgenic monkeys in which the normal allele of APOE gene is knocked out, what phenotype will you expect for those knockout monkeys? A. The APE mRNA expression will be completely suppressed. B. They slow down the development of AD. C. They develop AD early. D. They don't show any AD symptom.
- . The human IGF2 gene is autosomal and maternallyimprinted. Copies of the gene received from themother are not expressed, but copies received fromthe father are expressed. You have found two allelesof this gene that encode two different forms of theIGF2 protein distinguishable by gel electrophoresis.One allele encodes a 60K (Kilodalton) blood protein;the other allele encodes a 50K blood protein. In ananalysis of blood proteins from a couple named Billand Joan, you find only the 60K protein in Joan’sblood and only the 50K protein in Bill’s blood. Youthen look at their children: Jill is producing only the50K protein, while Bill Jr. is producing only the 60Kprotein.a. With these data alone, what can you say about theIGF2 genotype of Bill Sr. and Joan?b. Bill Jr. and a woman named Sara have two children, Pat and Tim. Pat produces only the 60K protein and Tim produces only the 50K protein. Withthe accumulated data, what can you now say aboutthe genotypes of Joan and Bill Sr.?The use of nucleotide sequence data to measure genetic variabilityis complicated by the fact that the genes of many eukaryotesare complex in organization and contain 5' and 3' flankingregions as well as introns. Researchers have compared thenucleotide sequence of two cloned alleles of the y-globin gene from asingle individual and found a variation of 1 percent. Those differencesinclude 13 substitutions of one nucleotide for anotherand three short DNA segments that have been inserted in oneallele or deleted in the other. None of the changes takes placein the gene’s exons (coding regions). Why do you think this isso, and should it change our concept of genetic variation?The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the IA,IB and i alleles. The IAallele encodes the A blood group antigen, IB encodes B, and i encodes O. Both A and B are dominant to 0. If a heterozygous blood type A parent (IAi) and a heterozygous blood type B parent (IBi) mate, one quarter of their offspring are expected to have the AB blood type IAIBin which both arnigens are expressed equally. Therefore, ABO blood groups are an example of: a. multiple alleles and incomplete dominance b. codominance and incomplete dominance c. incomplete dominance only d. multiple alleles and codominance
- Height in humans is controlled by the additive action of genes and the action of environmental factors. For the purposes of this problem, assume that height is controlled by four genesA, B, C, and Dand that there are no environmental effects. Assume further that additive alleles contribute two units of height and partially additive alleles contribute one unit of height. a. Given these assumptions, can two individuals of moderate height produce offspring that are much taller and shorter than either parent? If so, how can this happen? b. Can someone of minimum height and someone of intermediate height have children taller than the parent of intermediate height? Why or why not?The rosy (ry) gene of Drosophila encodes an enzymecalled xanthine dehydrogenase. Flies homozygous forry mutations exhibit a rosy eye color. Heterozygousfemales were made that had ry41 Sb on one homologand Ly ry564 on the other homolog, where ry41 andry564 are two independently isolated alleles of ry. Ly[Lyra (narrow) wings] and Sb [Stubble (short) bristles] are dominant mutant alleles of genes to the left and right of ry, respectively. These females arenow mated to males homozygous for ry41. Out of100,000 progeny, 8 have wild-type eyes, Lyra wings, andStubble bristles, while the remainder have rosy eyes.a. What is the order of these two ry mutations relativeto the flanking genes Ly and Sb?Let’s suppose that weight in a species of mammal is polygenic, andeach gene exists as a heavy and light allele. If the allele frequenciesin the population are equal for both types of alleles (i.e., 50%heavy alleles and 50% light alleles), what percentage of individualswill be homozygous for the light alleles in all of the genesaffecting this trait, if the trait was determined by the followingnumber of genes?A. TwoB. ThreeC. Four