Predict the potential effect of the Lyon hypothesis on the retina of a human female heterozygous for the X-linked red-green color blindness trait.
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Predict the potential effect of the Lyon hypothesis on the retina
of a human female heterozygous for the X-linked red-green color
blindness trait.
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- Explain how human cells compensate for the X-linkedgene dosage difference in XX and XY nuclei.Cat breeders are aware that kittens expressing the X-linked calico coat pattern and tortoiseshell pattern are almost invariably females. Why are they certain of this?Can the Lyon hypothesis be tested in a human female who is homozygousfor one allele of the X-linked G6PD gene? Why, or why not?
- Discuss the genetic determination of sex and the inheritance of X-linked genes in mammals.Human females have two X chromosomes XX; males have one X and one Y chromosome XY. a. With respect to X-linked alleles, how many different types of gametes can a male produce? b. A female homozygous for an X-linked allele can produce how many types of gametes with respect to that allele? c. A female heterozygous for an X-linked allele can produce how many types of gametes with respect to that allele?Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is an X-linked recessive disorder in humans characterized by small teeth, no sweat glands, and sparse body hair. This trait is usually seen in men, but women who are heterozygous carriers of the trait often have irregular patches of skin with few or no sweat glands (see the illustration below). Q. Explain why women who are heterozygous carriers of a recessive gene for anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia have irregular patches of skin lacking sweat glands.
- Colorblindness and hemophilia are both X-linked traits in humans. Explain how a female who has a defective color vision gene on one X chromosome and a defective blood clotting gene causing hemophilia on the other X chromosome can be neither a hemophiliac nor colorblind? Please discuss the effect of Gene dosage compensation in your answer and in your answer describe the molecular process by which this occurs.Barr bodies are formed to adjust X chromosome dosage in species other than humans, such as Drosophila (fruit flies) and C. elegans (nematodes). True or False ?Produce a Punnett square to illustrate the dihybrid cross described below: There are two common alleles for the TAS2R38 gene on Chromosome 7. This gene encodes a seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor. This receptor controls the ability to taste glucosinolates. Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is a synthetic glucosinolate. The recessive TAS2R38 allele produces a non-functional receptor. The father in this dihybrid cross is heterozygous for these alleles, meaning that he can taste PTC. The mother is homozygous recessive, meaning that she cannot taste PTC The father has X-Linked Protoporphyria which means that he is very sensitive to sunlight exposure, he is hemizygous for the dominant causative mutation. The mother is homozygous wild type at the same locus. Add a file here showing your diagram.
- In marsupials like the opposum or kangaroo, X inactivation selectively inactivates the paternal X chromosome.a. Predict the possible coat colors of the progeny ofboth sexes if a female marsupial homozygous for amutant allele of an X-linked coat color gene wasmated with a male hemizygous for the alternativewild-type alleles of this gene.b. Predict the possible coat colors of progeny of bothsexes if a male marsupial hemizygous for an alleleof an X-linked coat color gene was mated with afemale homozygous for the alternative wild-typeallele of this gene.c. Why are the terms recessive and dominant not useful in describing the alleles of X-linked coat colorgenes in marsupials?d. Why would marsupials heterozygous for twoalleles of an X-linked coat color gene not havepatches of fur of two different colors as did the tortoiseshell cats described in the previous problem?51. The pedigree diagram below shows a family in whichdescribes the results of X-chromosome inactivation inmammals. If fast and slow alleles of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) exist in other species, what would be theexpected results of gel electrophoresis for a heterozygous femaleof each of the following species?A. MarsupialB. Drosophila melanogasterC. Caenorhabditis elegans (Note: We are considering the hermaphrodite in C. elegans to be equivalent to a female.)An attached-X female fly, XX ¬Y (see the “Insights and Solutions” box), expresses the recessive X-linked white-eye mutation. It is crossed to a male fly that expresses the X-linked recessive miniature-wing mutation. Determine the outcome of this cross in terms of sex, eye color, and wing size of the offspring.