QUESTION 9 Which of the following can be concluded from the information presented in the graph? PRICE OF EDUCATION Marginal Social Cost Marginal Social Benefit Marginal Private Benefit QUANTITY OF EDUCATION 1. Consumption of education has a positive externality. imod in a privato market is less than the socially optimal amount
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- Which of the following assertions regarding social efficiency and social welfare iscorrect?a. They are the same conceptb. Social welfare includes both economic efficiency and equity whereas socialefficiency does not include equityc. Social efficiency includes both economic efficiency and equity whereas socialwelfare does not include equityd. Social efficiency is a higher standard than social welfare.Table 1Buyer Willingness To PayLori $50.00Audrey $30.00Zach $20.00Calvin $10.002. Refer to Table 1. If the price of the product is $15, then who would be willing to purchase theproduct?a. Lorib. Lori and Audreyc. Lori, Audrey, and Zachd. Lori, Audrey, Zach, and Calvin3. Refer to Table 1. If price of the product is $30, then the total consumer surplus isa. $-10.b. $-6.c. $20.d. $30.In 2006, the Australian Government incorporated research into corporate social responsibilities to determineif there is a need to include social and environmental responsibilities within the Corporation Act throughamendment procedure. It was decided not to incorporate a particular regulation through legislation, insteadrely upon the 'market forces' to encourage companies to do the 'right thing'. This viewpoint was expressedthat if companies did not look after the environment or did not act in a socially responsible manner, peoplewould not want to consume the organisations' products. From the equity market perspective, potentialinvestors would not want to invest in the organisations, and further workers wouldn't want to work for them,and so forth. Because companies were aware of such market forces, they would do the 'right thing' even inthe absence of legislation.Requirement:1) Using theories such as Public Interest Theory, Capture Theory and Economic Interest Group Theoryto critically…
- 18. The next few questions are about this generic market with a negative consumption externality. Fill in the welfare table below with the areas associated with each welfare measure. aslhee or batoob A P. 1 F H. G MSB Q, Qi tax that leads to Qo CS PS tax revenue externality total surplus gqg 53 2Abbo20 (p re 9 boagns exrsLU ednsto 75 beLapor entTwo towns, each with three residents, are decidingwhether to put on a fireworks display to celebrate theNew Year. Fireworks cost $360. In each town, somepeople enjoy fireworks more than others.a. In the town of Bayport, each of the residentsvalues the public good as follows:Frank $50Joe $100Callie $300Would fireworks pass a cost–benefit analysis?Explain.b. The mayor of Bayport proposes to decide bymajority rule and, if the fireworks referendumpasses, to split the cost equally among allresidents. Who would vote in favor, and whowould vote against? Would the vote yield thesame answer as the cost–benefit analysis?c. In the town of River Heights, each of the residentsvalues the public good as follows:Nancy $20Bess $140Ned $160Would fireworks pass a cost–benefit analysis?Explain.d. The mayor of River Heights also proposes todecide by majority rule and, if the fireworksreferendum passes, to split the cost equallyamong all residents. Who would vote in favor,and who would vote against? Would…3:18 Edit X 50 REE 324 - ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS Review Exercise on Market Equilibrium, Market Failure, Externalities and Elasticities 1. Economics of Education. The issue of education is quite critical. The demand for education by society is high. On the other hand, it is demanded that the schools only charge low tuition fees since schools serve a social function. Thus, more often than not, tuition fee ceilings are imposed to assure students of lower prices for this "commodity". Two common solutions are proposed to address the likely problem of excess demand for educational services (ES) in the event of a tuition fee ceiling is imposition: (i) operation of public schools (e.g., free public high school); (ii) government subsidy to private education. where: Find the solutions to the problems below: D=demand for educational services S = supply of educational services Suppose we let: S: TF or P = 1 + 0.5 Q D: TF or P = 15-2Q TF or P = tuition fee or price of education ('000 pesos)…
- Figure 4 shows that for any given demand curve forthe right to pollute, the government can achieve thesame outcome either by setting a price with a correctivetax or by setting a quantity with pollutionpermits. Suppose there is a sharp improvement in thetechnology for controlling pollution.a. Using graphs similar to those in Figure 4, illustratethe effect of this development on the demand forpollution rights.b. What is the effect on the price and quantity of pollutionunder each regulatory system? Explain.QUESTION 6 Figure 10-3 PRICE 000 22222S 20 18 16 14 10 8 6 4 Social Value Demand, 246 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 QUANTITY Refer to Figure 10-3. If the government wanted to tax or Iubsidize this good to achieve the socially optimal level of output, it would a introduce a subsidy of $2 per unit. Supply b. impose a tax of $2 per unit. c. introduce a subsidy of $4 per unit. d, impose a tax of $4 per unit.B. The figure below shows the market for education. 20 S- MSC: 12 MSE D- MD 2 4 10 Quantity (millions of students per yeorl i. 'Education has externalities'. Explain this statement. ii. If the market is competitive and left unregulated, how many students will be enrolled per year? Are the resources allocated efficiently when such number of students are enrolled per year? Explain using the graph above. iii. In the figure above, what kind of government intervention is required to achieve the optimal or efficient number of students? What is the optimal number of students? How much intervention needed to achieve the optimal number of students? luian arc cost lihousa-cs of delan per stdent
- Price $240 $220 $200 $180 $160 $140 $120 $100 $80 $60 $40 $20 0 S-MCMC Quantity of pediatrician visits Dudy-110 D$30 M Tools OWL OWL © a. Assume that the correct level of subsidy is $60. The socially optimal level of pediatrician visits is: 350 visits b. Compared to the efficient outcome, graph the deadweight loss that would result from subsidies of $30 or $90. Instructions: Use the tools provided "DWL 30' and 'DWLgo' to illustrate the deadweight loss for each subsidy. Drag the points to move or resize.Greater consumption of alcohol leads to more motorvehicle accidents and, thus, imposes costs on peoplewho do not drink and drive.a. Illustrate the market for alcohol, labeling thedemand curve, the social-value curve, thesupply curve, the social-cost curve, the marketequilibrium level of output, and the efficient levelof output.b. On your graph, shade the area corresponding tothe deadweight loss of the market equilibrium.(Hint: The deadweight loss occurs because someunits of alcohol are consumed for which the socialcost exceeds the social value.) Explain.Adam Smith proposed taxing ‘Sugar, rum and tobacco’ because they are: “nowhere necessaries of life” “objects of almost universal consumption” Why do you think Adam Smith preferred to impose a tax on luxury goods? Why do you think Adam Smith preferred a tax on ‘objects of almost universal consumption’? Note that ‘Smith’s proposal to tax sugar was not aimed at improving health’ Requirement: Demonstrate a precise understanding of Adam Smith’s meaning and intent, with the appropriate link to relevant economic concepts.