Transcriptional activator proteins are modular (a) The complete Gal4 dimer Activation domain Gal4 DNA-binding domain lacz ON Gal4 site (b) Gal4 lacking the activation domain lacz OFF Gal4 site (e) LexA lacking the activation domain DNA-binding, domain lacz OFF LexA site (d) Gal4-LexA hybrid Gal4 activation domain- LexA DNA-binding domain lacz ON LexA site AL structural FIGURE 12-7 Transcriptional activator proteins have multiple, separable domains. (a) The Gal4 protein has two domains and forms a dimer. (b) The experimental removal of the activation domain shows that DNA binding is not suficient for gene activation. (c) Similarly, the bacterial LexA protein cannot activate transcription on its own, but, when fused to the Gal4 activation domain (d), it can activate transcription through LexA-binding sites. AL structural se and ATP, it n turn causes iption factors 3, Gal80, and or absence of onal regulator on and bacte-

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Intelligence

Intelligence refers to the intellectual functioning that compares a person's intelligence quotient (IQ) with other people of the same age. In other words, it is the ability to understand circumstances or situations and arrive at appropriate solutions. Both animals and plants exhibit intelligence.