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- What are some of the safeguards of the process of transcription/translation that help your cellsmake sure you are making the right protein? (think about the dictionary)Fill in the complementary DNA strands for the DNA strands below Which nitrogen base CAN'T you use during replication? ATTCGATGC TACGGATCG CAGTGACTT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS TRANSCRIPTION Use the DNA strands provided to create the m-RNA strands Which nitrogen base CAN'T you use during transcription? ACTGGATAC ACGGATCGT TGACAGCT A TRANSLATION: USE the DECODING WHEEL to DETERMINE the AMINO ACID that Which amino acids have ONLY ONE corresponds to the m-RNA CODE GIVEN: codon? MRNA CODE AMINO ACID AAA GCG Tyrosine Stop GAU Alanine GU A C CAA GU Cysteine Stop Loyptophan U CAC Valne UUU Arginine AC A Leucine Serine Which two mRNA codes correspond to histidine? lysine A Proine Asparagine CACUCA How many different MRNA codes correspond to Threonine? Tell the amino acid sequence for the following MRNA message: MRNA MESSAGE: AUG CCA UGG CAU Phenyl- alanine Leucine Serine aid Aspartik Glutamk Glydne acid Methionine soleucine Histidine Glutamine Arginine ThreonineA segment of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides and the corresponding amino acid chain are given below: mRNA segment: GCC UAC AAU GCG Amino acid chain: Ala-Tyr-Asn-Ala Knowing that insertion mutations shift the triplets by one base, if an insertion mutation adds a U to the beginning of that mRNA segment, what will be the new triplet/codon grouping and the new amino acid chain? Group of answer choices a. U GCC UAC AAU GCG; Ala-Tyr-Asn-Ala b. UCC UAC AAU GCG; Ser-Leu-Gln-Cys c. UGC CUA CAA UGC G; Cys-Leu-Gln-Cys d. UGC CUA CAA UGC G; Ala-Tyr-Asn-Ala e. UGCC UAC AAU GCG; Cys-Tyr-Asn-Ala
- Geneticists are studying a malfunctioning protein that causes impaired endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. They have noticed that the amino acid sequence of the protein is truncated compared to normal controls. The mutated mRNA strand is isolated, and analysis shows a nonsense mutation located near the 3' end of the coding region. The 3' terminal coding sequence of the abnormal mRNA strand is shown below. 5`- AUG-ACC-ACU-CCA-CUG-UUG-UUC-CAA-GGG-GAG-AGC-UAG-GUC-CGG-GGC-GGA-AAA-UUU-UAA-3` Write down the tRNA anticodon responsible for adding the last amino acid?Which of the following polypeptides (written from their N terminal ends) is encoded by the following mRNA? (hint: there is no left or write in a cell!) 3' GG AUG AGU AUA CUU ACG GGU GAA GUA CAU UAA CCC C5' O O O Met Lys Trp Ala Phe lle Met Ser lle Leu Thr Gly Glu Val His Tyr Lys Arg Thr Phe Tyr Met none of the above His Val Glu Gly Thr Leu lle Ser MetDuring translation, this mutation results in a change from the amino acid aspartic acid to the amino acid alanine. Which of the following determines how the resulting protein will be affected by this mutation? O Any change in amino acid will determine that the polypeptide chain will not be able to fold into its proper structure. The change in amino acid will determine that a nonsense mutation has occurred and not all amino acids will be added to the polypeptide chain. O The properties of the amino acids will determine whether the interactions within the protein will affect the folding of the polypeptide chain. The substitution of the DNA nucleotide will determine whether there is a change in the folding of the polypeptide chain forming the protein.
- What distinguishes proteins that will be released into the cytoplasm after translation from proteins that will be released into the rough ER after translation? whether they are synthesized by small or large ribosomal subunits whether they will be enzymes or structural proteins presence of a signal sequence on the protein number of start codons on their mRNAs how hydrophobic the proteins areWhat is the one-letter amino acid sequence formed from the following mRNA that codes for a pentapeptide that is an endorphin called Leu-enkephalin? 5' AUG - UAC - GGU - GGA - UUU - CUA - UAA 3'Which of the following is true at the time introns are spliced out of MRNA? O Only the 3' end of mRNA has been processed. O Only the 5' end of the mRNA is has been processed. Both ends of the mRNA have been processed. O Neither end of the mRNA has been processed. « Previous
- Which of the following describe how the order of nucleotide bases along a gene in the DNA ultimately determines the primary structure of a protein and how the primary structure ultimately determines the three-dimensional shape and function of the protein coded for by that gene. A Certain amino acids in a protein interact with other amino acids in that same protein and so the order of amino acids ultimately determines the 3-dimensional tertiary structure of that protein. B The order of nucleotide bases along the DNA is transcribed into complementary tRNA which is translated into the correct amino acid sequence for the protein by mRNA. C The order of nucleotide bases along a gene determines the order of amino acids in the resulting protein. The order of amino acids in the protein is called its secondary structure.Amino acid sequence: Look at the m-RNA message below: PUT A NUMBER under each of the t-RNA/amino acid complexes to show the correct sequence that they would attach as this message is read. phenylalanine leucine lysine methionine AUGUUC A A ACUG UUU UA MRNA WHAT IS THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE FOR THE PROTEIN THAT WOULD BE PRODUCED FROM THIS MESSAGE? MATCH THE PARTS IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE CORRECT LABEL. RIBOSOME в Asparagine D. NUCLEUS Methionine MESSENGER RNA ANTICODON E AMINO ACID CODON TRANSFER RNAThe following is a section of a messenger RNA: 5' GACUACAUA 3' Look at the sequence carefully and using the following genetic code, translate the MRNA into an amino acid sequence. Second Letter U A G Phe uCu UC | Tyr UGU Cys u UUU U UUC UUA UUG UAU UAC UAA UAG UGC Stop UGA Stop A Stop UGG Trp G Ser UCA UCG Leu CAU CAC САА CAG CU CU His CGU U c Cuc CUA CUG Leu cc CCA CG CGC Arg CGA CG Pro Gin A 3rd G 1st letter AUU Ser u letter ACU lle ACC ACA AAU Asn AGU Thr AAC AAA A AUC AGC AUA AGA | Lys A Arg G AUG Met ACG AAG AGG Asp GUU G GUC GUA GCU GAU GAC GAA GGU GGC Gly Val |GCC GCA GCG Ala GGA GGG A Glu GUG GAG G O Tyr-Val-Val O Asp-Tyr-lle O Leu-Met-Tyr O lle-His-Gln O Asp-Thr-Leu-Tyr-Thr-His-lle 星