21. Which of the following can lead to cancer development?a. virusesb. mutation in cyclin productionc. differentiated stem cellsd. AIDSe. all of the above except c22. Your patient is born without B cells. He cannota. fight off intracellular infectionsb. have a Type IV hypersensitivity reactionc. fight off extracellular infectionsd. destroy microorganisms through alternate complemente. c & d23. Extensive vomiting can lead to alkalosis due to-a. continued excretion of HCO3b. accumulation of potassiumc. emphysemad. a high protein diete. increased renin production24. Which of the following could lead to renal osteodystrophy?a. low levels of parathyroid hormoneb. high levels of blood calciumc. injections of calcitrold. increased physical activitye. a high protein diet25. Which of the following can cause diarrhon?

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Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter45: Defenses Against Disease

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1TYK

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4. Which of the following is currently being studied as an adjunct therapy for cancer? Select one: a. Plasma cells b. Immunoglobulins c. Eosinophils d. Histamines e. Cytokines 5. What portion of the immune system forms a membrane attack complex and produces holes in the surface of some bacteria? Select one: a. Eosinophils b. Interferons c. Dendritic cells d. Cytokines e. Complement proteins 6. Which type of T cell coordinates the immune response? Select one: a. Helper T cells b. Suppressor T cells c. Cytotoxic T cells d. Memory T cells e. IgT cells
8. Antigens of the surface of red blood cells are also called Cells that respond to a hormone are called cells. and antibodies in the blood plasma are also called Select one: Select one: of O A. peripheral O A. agglutinins; agglutinogens O B. erythrogens; antibiotics O B. pluripotent O C. agglutinogens; agglutinins C. stem O D. T-cells; B-cells O D. target O E. serum; plasma O E. germ The external acoustic meatus ends at the In persons with untreated diabetes mellitus all of the following are true, except Select one: of Select one: O A. auditory ossicles. O A. intracellular and tissue levels of glucose is very high. O B. pinna. O B. excessive thirst is shown. O C. tympanic membrane. O C. a large excretion of urine occurs. D. blood glucose levels are very high. O D. cochlea. O E. glucose is present in the urine in large amounts. O E. vestibule.
32. Antibiotics that affect various strains of Gram-positive bacteria and various strains of Gram-negative bacteria are considered to be a. isolate usable b. stress-induced spectrum c. narrow spectrum d. broad spectrum e. major spectrum 33. Aspirin is considered to be an anti-inflammatory drug. Therefore, it would block which of the following? a. C3₂ b. perforins c. MHC I d. C3, e. Co 34. Which of the following characteristics is shared by innate and adaptative immunity? a. first line of defense b. skin c. complement d. production of lysozyme e. production of molecules that prevent attachment of the microbe to host cells
45. Which of the following would be involved in reacting to a first-time exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis? a. a pre-7-10-day production of IgM b. activation of only T cells by T cells с c. memory B cells d. MHC I or II e. the macrophage as the first leukocyte arriving to the site of infection 46. The F region can do all the following except a. interact with pseudopods b. bind to B cells c. bind to T cells d. bind to pmns initiate endocytosis e. 47. Lysogeny can be linked to cervical cancer a. b. be linked to Streptococcus pneumoniae infections c. cause the production of a new bacterial strain d. be used as a possible cure for cancer e. all the above 48. Viruses that infect fungal cells probably recognize a. cholesterol b. ergosterol c. pencillin binding proteins d. DNA gyrase e. beta-lactamase 49. Which of the following would be an ineffective antiviral drug? a. one that blocks viral attachment b. one that inhibits viral nucleic acids replication c. one that destroys only the…
18. Antiviral proteins synthesized in response to the binding of interferon may target a. intracellular uncoating b. nucleic acid synthesis c. viral assembly C. d. viral ribosomes e. all the above except d 19. When a macrophage encounters S. aureus, which of the following will most likely not occur? a. The macrophage will indirectly induce the synthesis of an antibody b. The macrophage will activate T cells C. The macrophage will produce cytokines d. The macrophage will exhibit its phagocytic and antigen presenting traits e. a & b 20. Plasma cells are actually activated by a. an antigen b. a T cell c. a B cell d. a memory cell PRRS e. 21. Development of resistance to a particular antimicrobial is limited if the drug a. binds to several sites on the target molecule b. targets several different molecules c. affects only one molecule d. affects the plasma membrane e. a and b
21. The following is correct about superantigens? A. cause autoimmune disease B. activates many T cells D. are high molecular wt proteins C. activates B cells 22. Perforins and granzymes are synthesized by the following cell? A. TH1 B. Th2 C. macrophages 12 The foll D. CD8+ T cells
1. Match the type of hypersensitivity reaction with their cause. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction Type II hypersensitivity reaction Type III hypersensitivity reaction A. Effector T cells specific for the sensitizing Ag B. Immune complexes formed from IgG binding to soluble Ag C. Antibodies specific for altered components of human cells 2. Because the FceRI receptors on mast cells, basophils and eosinophils always have IgE bound, they have Ag-specific receptors that function similar to B and T cells. Of the following list of characteristics, which ones are unique to Mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils? Choose all that apply. A. Binding antigen triggers differentiation B. Many different IgEs can be found on the surface of one cell C. All of the IgEs on the surface of a…
1. Which of the following sentences is CORRECT? A .P53 is an example of tumour activator gene B. leukotrienes are derived from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase C. effective bacteriocidal enzymes are contained in lysosome of the lymphocytes D. Gram stain is the most commonly used tissue stain for routine histological examination E .proteoglycans are located in ground substance of the ECM in connective tissues and basement membrane
29. T-cell dependent antigens can a. directly stimulate B cells to multiply and produce antibodies b. directly induce T cells to function с c. restrict antibody formation. d. directly activate macrophages e. directly activate Th cells 30. These are the normal ranges for IgG, IgM and IgA. IgG: 6.0 16.0 g/L; IgA: .8-3.0 g/L and IgM: .4-2.5 g/L. You measured these levels in your patient and received the following results: IgG: 10 g/L; IgM: 5.0 g/L and IgA: 1.5 g/L. Which of the following is a result of your patient's antibody levels? a. The presence of a high number of eosinophils b. The presence of a low number of basophils c. The presence of a high number monocytes d. The presence of a high number of natural killer cells e. The presence of a high number of pmns 31. T-cell independent antigens can a. directly stimulate B cells to multiply and produce antibodies b. directly induce T cells to function c. restrict antibody formation d. directly activate macrophages e. directly activate T₁…
Microbial products trigger macrophage activation. Match the receptor with the product that it binds. ✓ TLR-4 ✓ TLR-3 ✓ TLR-9 TLR-5 A. Unmethylated DNA B. Double-stranded RNA C. LPS D. Flagella
HIV could be used to cure Kaposi’s sarcoma bya. causing the cells to express exogenous surface cell markersb. activating genes for the expression of endogenous surface cell markersc. inactivating the patient’s tumor suppressing genesd. inactivating contact inhibition in the celle. inactivating cellular adherence
4. In teaching a patient with SLE about the disorder, the nurse knows that the pathophysiology of SLE includesA. an autoimmune T-cell reaction that results in destruction of the deep dermal skin layer.B. circulating immune complexes formed from IgG autoantibodies reacting with IgG. C. the production of a variety of autoantibodies directed against components of the cell nucleus. D. immunologic dysfunction leading to chronic inflammation in the cartilage and muscles. 5. Validating / verifying data is an activity in the assessment. What are the techniques appropriate to verify questionable information? 1. Double-check information that is inconsistent with patient cues.2. Double check that your equipment is working correctly3. Create a list of the suspected problem4. Look for factors that may alter the accuracy5. Ruling out of similar problems A. 1,2,4B. 2,3,4C. 1,2,3 D. 3,4,5

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Which of the following can lead to cancer development? a. viruses b. mutation in cyclin production c. differentiated stem cells d. AIDS e. all of the above except c