Write True or False and explain briefly 1- Consider a firm in a perfectly competitive market.There are situations where it is optimal for the firm to continue operating in the short-run , but shut down in the long-run. 2- Consider a firm in a perfectly competitive market.There are situations where it is optimal for the firm to shut-down in the short-run , but continue to operate in the long-run.
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- 4. Profit maximization in the cost-curve diagram Suppose that the market for candles is a perfectly competitive market. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. 40 36 Profit or Loss 32 28 24 20 ATC 16 12 AVC MC 4 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 QUANTITY (Thousands of candles) In the short run, at a market price of $20 per candle, this firm will choose to produce candles per day. On the previous graph, use the blue rectangle (circle symbols) to shade the area representing the firm's profit or loss if the market price is $20 and the firm chooses to produce the quantity you already selected. Note: In the following question, you should enter a positive number in the numeric entry field. The area of this rectangle indicates that the firm's would be S per day. PRICE (Dollars per candle)4. Profit maximization in the cost-curve diagram A Consider a perfectly competitive market for shirts. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. PRICE Dollars per sht 20 HE 16 12 34 LE AD 72 OUTPUT (Theunts of shirts! Chow Ad In the short run, at a market price of $185 per shirt, this firm will choose to produce shirts per day. On the previous graph, use the blue rectangle (dirde symbols) to shade the area representing the firm's economic profit or loss if the market price is $18 and the firm chooses to produce the quantity you already selected. Tool tip: Mouse over the shaded region on the graph to see its area. The area of this rectangle indicates that the firm would have per day. For each price in the following table, calculate the firm's optimal quantity of units produced and determine the economic profit or loss if it produces at that quantity. Use the data from the previous graph to identify its total variable cost. Assume that if the…1. The accompanying graph summarizes the demand and costs for a firm that operates in a perfectly competitive market. a. What level of output should this firm produce in the short run? b. What price should this firm charge in the short run? c. What is the firm's total cost at this level of output? d. What is the firm's total variable cost at this level of output? e. What is the firm's fixed cost at this level of output? f. What is the firm's profit if it produces this level of output? g. What is the firm's profit if it shuts down? h. In the long run, should this firm continue to operate or shut down? $48 ******* 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 MC 4 2 0- 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 ATC Df=MR AVC AFC -Quantity
- Using graph, explain when the firm in a competitive market is in equilibrium?5. Profit maximization and shutting down in the short run Suppose that the market for cashmere sweaters is a competitive market. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. PRICE (Dollars per sweater) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 O MC 0 10 ATC AVC 20 30 40 50 60 70 QUANTITY (Thousands of sweaters) 80 90 100 ?1. Assume you have a perfectly competitive market with two types of firms. The only difference between the two types of firms is that the minimum average cost at which firms of type A can produce is lower than the minimum average cost at which firms of type B can produce. a. Give a graphical example of what the individual long run supply functions of a type A firm and a type B firm may look like. Explain the shape in detail. b. Based on your example, what will the aggregate supply curve of a market with 2 firms, one type A and one type B, look like? Explain the shape in detail. C. Assume now that all potential firms are identical. Evaluate the impact of a demand shock on the long run equilibrium market price and firm numbers. You must use graphical analysis and explain in detail.
- 3. Profit maximization in the cost-curve diagram Suppose that the market for frying pans is a competitive market. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market Hint: After placing the rectangle on the graph, you can select an endpoint to see the coordinates of that point. 100 90 Profit or Loss 80 70 ATC 60 50 40 30 AVC 20 MC 10 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 QUANTITY (Thousands of pans per day) In the short run, at a market price of $50 per pan, this firm will choose to produce 37,500 pans per day. PRICE (Dollars perpan)2. The demand curve facing a competitive firm The following graph shows the daily market for large cardboard boxes in San Francisco. Attached the graph Ch 14 Homework Q2 Suppose that Falero is one of more than a hundred competitive firms in San Francisco that produce such cardboard boxes. Based on the preceding graph showing the daily market demand and supply curves, the price Falero must take as given is $ ________. Fill in the price and the total, marginal, and average revenue Falero earns when it produces 0, 1, 2, or 3 boxes each day. Quantity Price Total Revenue Marginal Revenue Average Revenue (Boxes) (Dollars per box) (Dollars) (Dollars) (Dollars 0 ? 0 – ? 1 ? ? ? ? 2 ? ? ? ? 3 ? ? ? The demand curve that Falero faces is identical to which of its other curves? Check all that apply. Marginal revenue curve Average revenue curve…1. The accompanying graph for a firm that operates in a perfectly competitive market. $48 46 TFTGL 10 d. What is the firm's total variable cost at this level of output? e. What is the firm's fixed cost at this level of output? f. What is the firm's profit if it produces this level of output? g. What is the firm's profit if it shuts down? h. In the long run, should this firm continue to operate or shut down? 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 summarizes the demand and costs 4 MC ? 2 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 ATC D¹ = MR AVC AFC Quantity
- 3. Show in a graph a situation when a competitive firm will minimise loss in the short run. Why will the firm continue operation despite making a loss? When will the firm shut down its operation in the short run?3. Explain where a perfectly competitive firm's marginal revenue curve is located relative to price and demand. 4. What is the optimal output rule for profit maximization? Draw a graph to show the output level where a perfectly competitive firm maximizes profit.3. Profit maximization using total cost and total revenue curves Suppose Sam runs a small business that manufactures shirts. Assume that the market for shirts is a perfectly competitive market, and the market price is $20 per shirt. The following graph shows Sam's total cost curve. Use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot total revenue and the green points (triangle symbol) to plot profit for the first seven shirts that Sam produces, including zero shirts. TOTAL REVENUE, TOTAL COST, AND PROFIT (Dollars) 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 a -25 0 3 6 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Shirts) 2 4 5 Total Cost 7 8 O Total Revenue Profit (?)
