Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 26E
What is a dust devil? Would you expect to feel more of a breeze from a dust devil on Mars or on Earth? Explain.
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Question 2: Planet Mars
Planetary Attribute
Albedo
Radius
Gravitational acceleration
Mean distance from sun
Surface pressure
Symbol
a
R (km)
g (m/s²)
D (km)
Po (kPa)
Earth
0.29
6378
9.8
150 x 106
101
Mars
0.25
3395
3.7
228 x 106
0.6
(a) Calculate an appropriate value for shortwave solar radiation (SM) incident at the top of the
Martian atmosphere (answer in W/m²). The corresponding value for Earth, SE = 1360 W/m².
(b) Estimate the average surface temperature on Mars (answer in degrees Kelvin) using a
suitable radiative energy balance. The greenhouse effect can be neglected for Mars.
(c) Estimate the mass of the Martian atmosphere (answer in kg).
On the surface of the moon where local gravity is 1.67m/s^2, 4.4 kg of gas occupy a volume of 1.2m^3.Determine:a. Specific volume of the gas in m^3/kgb. density in g/cm^3c. Specific weight in lb/ft^3
Chapter 10 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 10 - List several ways that Venus, Earth, and Mars are...Ch. 10 - Compare the current atmospheres of Earth, Venus,...Ch. 10 - How might Venus’ atmosphere have evolved to its...Ch. 10 - Describe the current atmosphere on Mars. What...Ch. 10 - Explain the runaway refrigerator effect and the...Ch. 10 - What evidence do we have that there was running...Ch. 10 - What evidence is there that Venus was volcanically...Ch. 10 - Why is Mars red?Ch. 10 - What is the composition of clouds on Mars?Ch. 10 - What is the composition of the polar caps on Mars?
Ch. 10 - Describe two anomalous features of the rotation of...Ch. 10 - How was the Mars Odyssey spacecraft able to detect...Ch. 10 - What are the advantages of using radar imaging...Ch. 10 - Venus and Earth are nearly the same size and...Ch. 10 - Why is there so much more carbon dioxide in the...Ch. 10 - If the Viking missions were such a rich source of...Ch. 10 - Compare Mars with Mercury and the Moon in terms of...Ch. 10 - Contrast the mountains on Mars and Venus with...Ch. 10 - We believe that all of the terrestrial planets had...Ch. 10 - Is it likely that life ever existed on either...Ch. 10 - Suppose that, decades from now, NASA is...Ch. 10 - We believe that Venus, Earth, and Mars all started...Ch. 10 - One source of information about Mars has been the...Ch. 10 - The runaway greenhouse effect and its inverse, the...Ch. 10 - In what way is the high surface temperature of...Ch. 10 - What is a dust devil? Would you expect to feel...Ch. 10 - Near the martian equator, temperatures at the same...Ch. 10 - Estimate the amount of water there could be in a...Ch. 10 - At its nearest, Venus comes within about 41...Ch. 10 - If you weigh 150 lbs. on the surface of Earth, how...Ch. 10 - Calculate the relative land area-that is, the...Ch. 10 - The closest approach distance between Mars and...
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- Near the martian equator, temperatures at the same spot can vary from an average of 135 °C at night to an average of 30 °C during the day. How can you explain such a wide difference in temperature compared to that on Earth?arrow_forwardExplain why the Moon and Mercury possess only very weak, transient atmospheres consisting of constituents temporarily captured from the solar wind or released by collisions with interplanetary debris.arrow_forwardQuestion 2: Planet Mars Planetary Attribute Albedo Radius Gravitational acceleration Mean distance from sun Surface pressure Symbol α R (km) g (m/s²) D (km) Po (kPa) Earth 0.29 6378 9.8 150 x 106 101 Mars 0.25 3395 3.7 228 x 106 0.6 (a) Calculate an appropriate value for shortwave solar radiation (SM) incident at the top of the Martian atmosphere (answer in W/m²). The corresponding value for Earth, SE = 1360 W/m². (b) Estimate the average surface temperature on Mars (answer in degrees Kelvin) using a suitable radiative energy balance. The greenhouse effect can be neglected for Mars. (c) Estimate the mass of the Martian atmosphere (answer in kg).arrow_forward
- 15 The surface temperature on Venus may approach 735 K. What is this temperature in degrees Celsius? type your answer... The temperature on Mercury may drop to -263° F at night. What is this temperature in degrees Celsius? type your answer... Spointe Iarrow_forwardThe total mass of this planet's atmosphere may be higher than the Earth's but the gases present must be very lighter ones like hydrogen and helium. The escape velocity of the planet will be very high. Due to the high escape velocity, the light gases were not able to escape and hence forming a thick atmosphere Would the atmosphere for this planet be thicker or thinner than that of the Earth?arrow_forwardThe total mass of this planet's atmosphere may be higher than the Earth's but the gases present must be very lighter ones like hydrogen and helium. The escape velocity of the planet will be very high. Due to the high escape velocity the light gases were not able to escape and hence forming a thick atmosphere Is the escaping velocity for this planet greater or lower than that of the earth?arrow_forward
- The total mass of this planet's atmosphere may be higher than the Earth's but the gases present must be very light ones like hydrogen and helium. The escape velocity of the planet will be very high. Due to the high escape velocity, the light gases were not able to escape and hence forming a thick atmosphere Is the escaping velocity for this planet greater or lower than that of the earth?arrow_forward6 Jupiter's polar temperatures are similar to its equatorial temperatures mainly because of two reasons. What are these reasons? A Because Jupiter has no appreciable axis tilt and because Jupiter has a warm interior. Because Jupiter is fairly round, has no appreciable axis tilt, and has a warm interior. C Because Jupiter is fairly round and because Jupiter has a warm interior. (D) None of the mentioned choices is correct. E Because Jupiter has no appreciable axis tilt and because Jupiter is fairly round in shape. Barrow_forwardWhat would be the pressure 20m under water in a lake on Mars if the acceleration due to gravity on Mars is 3.72 m/s2 ? Neglect the 0.006atm pressure of Mars atmosphere?arrow_forward
- 16. On a summer day at the equator on Mars, the temperature never rises higher than 50.0 degrees Celsius. Find the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. * a. 102 degrees Fahrenheit b. 115 degrees Fahrenheit c. 129 degrees Fahrenheit d. 135 degrees Fahrenheit e. None of the abovearrow_forward1. Compute the scale height for the atmosphere of Mars, which has a surface gravity of 3.7 m/?2,effective surface temperature of 218?, and atmospheric constituents in percent volume of 2.7% nitrogen(?2), 0.07% oxygen (?2), 1.6% argon (??), 95.6% carbon dioxide (??2), and 0.03% water vapor (?2?).The molar mass of oxygen (O) 15.999 ??/???? , nitrogen (N) 14.007 ??/???? ,argon (?? ) 39.948 ??/????, hydrogen (?) 1.00795 ??/???? and carbon 12.0107 ??/???� You can also find t[he entire question in the image belowarrow_forwardSince 1995, hundreds of extrasolar planets have been discovered. There is the exciting possibility that there is life on one or more of these planets. To support life similar to that on the Earth, the planet must have liquid water. For an Earth-like planet orbiting a star like the Sun, this requirement means that the planet must be within a habitable zone of 0.9 AU to 1.4 AU from the star. The semimajor axis of an extrasolar planet is inferred from its period. What range in periods corresponds to the habitable zone for an Earth-like Planet orbiting a Sun-like star?arrow_forward
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