Physics of Everyday Phenomena
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259894008
Author: W. Thomas Griffith, Juliet Brosing Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 14CQ
Does a gasoline-burning automobile engine operate in a reversible manner? Explain.
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Physics of Everyday Phenomena
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1CQCh. 11 - Prob. 2CQCh. 11 - In applying the first law of thermodynamics to a...Ch. 11 - Is the total amount of heat released by a heat...Ch. 11 - From the perspective of the first law of...Ch. 11 - Which motor in a hybrid vehiclethe electric or...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7CQCh. 11 - Prob. 8CQCh. 11 - Prob. 9CQCh. 11 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11CQCh. 11 - Is it possible for the efficiency of a heat engine...Ch. 11 - Can a Carnot engine operate in an irreversible...Ch. 11 - Does a gasoline-burning automobile engine operate...Ch. 11 - Which would have the greater efficiencya Carnot...Ch. 11 - If we want to increase the efficiency of a Carnot...Ch. 11 - Is a heat pump the same thing as a heat engine?...Ch. 11 - Is a heat pump essentially the same thing as a...Ch. 11 - When a heat pump is used to heat a building, where...Ch. 11 - Is it possible to cool a closed room by leaving...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21CQCh. 11 - Prob. 22CQCh. 11 - Prob. 23CQCh. 11 - Prob. 24CQCh. 11 - Which has the higher entropy, a deck of cards in...Ch. 11 - A hot cup of coffee is allowed to cool down, thus...Ch. 11 - When a substance freezes, the molecules become...Ch. 11 - Which would normally have the greater thermal...Ch. 11 - In what ways is a nuclear power plant similar to a...Ch. 11 - What is the distinction between high-grade heat...Ch. 11 - Prob. 31CQCh. 11 - Prob. 32CQCh. 11 - Is an automobile engine a perpetual-motion...Ch. 11 - Prob. 34CQCh. 11 - Prob. 35CQCh. 11 - The water draining from the bottom of the pond...Ch. 11 - Prob. 37CQCh. 11 - In one cycle, a heat engine takes in 1200 J of...Ch. 11 - A heat engine with an efficiency of 28% does 700 J...Ch. 11 - In one cycle, a heat engine takes in 800 J of heat...Ch. 11 - A heat engine with an efficiency of 35% takes in...Ch. 11 - In one cycle, a heat engine does 700 J of work and...Ch. 11 - A Carnot engine takes in heat at a temperature of...Ch. 11 - A Carnot engine takes in heat from a reservoir at...Ch. 11 - A Carnot engine operates between temperatures of...Ch. 11 - A heat pump takes in 450 J of heat from a...Ch. 11 - In each cycle of its operation, a refrigerator...Ch. 11 - A typical electric refrigerator (see fig. 11.9)...Ch. 11 - A typical nuclear power plant delivers heat from...Ch. 11 - An ocean thermal-energy power plant takes in warm...Ch. 11 - An engineer designs a heat engine using flat-plate...Ch. 11 - Suppose that a typical automobile engine operates...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2SPCh. 11 - A Carnot engine operating in reverse as a heat...Ch. 11 - In section 11.3, we showed that a violation of the...Ch. 11 - Suppose that an oil-fired power plant is designed...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider these scenarios and state whether work is done by the system on the environment (SE) or by the environment on the system (ES): (a) opening a carbonated beverage; (b) filling a flat tire; (c) a sealed empty gas can expands on a hot day, bowing out the walls.arrow_forwardIn 1816, Robert Stirling, a Scottish clergyman, patented the Stirling engine, which has found a wide variety of applications ever since, including current use in solar energy collectors to transform sunlight into electricity. Fuel is burned externally to warm one of the engines two cylinders. A fixed quantity of inert gas moves cyclically between the cylinders, expanding in the hot one and contracting in the cold one. Figure P21.33 represents a model for its thermodynamic cycle. Consider n moles of an ideal monatomic gas being taken once through the cycle, consisting of two isothermal processes at temperatures 3Ti and Ti and two constant-volume processes. Let us find the efficiency of this engine. (a) Find the energy transferred by heat into the gas during the isovolumetric process AB. (b) Find the energy transferred by heat into the gas during the isothermal process BC. (c) Find the energy transferred by heat into the gas during the isovolumetric process CD. (d) Find the energy transferred by heat into the gas during the isothermal process DA. (e) Identify which of the results from parts (a) through (d) are positive and evaluate the energy input to the engine by heat. (f) From the first law of thermodynamics, find the work done by the engine. (g) From the results of parts (e) and (f), evaluate the efficiency of the engine. A Stirling engine is easier to manufacture than an internal combustion engine or a turbine. It can run on burning garbage. It can run on the energy transferred by sunlight and produce no material exhaust. Stirling engines are not currently used in automobiles due to long startup times and poor acceleration response.arrow_forwardUse a PV diagram such as the one in Figure 22.2 (page 653) to figure out how you could modify an engine to increase the work done.arrow_forward
- Give an example of a spontaneous process in which a system becomes less ordered and energy becomes less available to do work. What happens to the system's entropy in this process?arrow_forwardHow could you design a Carnot engine with 100% efficiency?arrow_forwardA Carnot engine operates in a Carnot cycle between a heat source at 550 and a heat sink at 20 . Find the efficiency of the Carnot engine.arrow_forward
- Of the following, which is not a statement of the second law of thermodynamics? (a) No heat engine operating in a cycle can absorb energy from a reservoir and use it entirely to do work, (b) No real engine operating between two energy reservoirs can be more efficient than a Carnot engine operating between the same two reservoirs, (c) When a system undergoes a change in state, the change in the internal energy of the system is the sum of the energy transferred to the system by heat and the work done on the system, (d) The entropy of the Universe increases in all natural processes, (e) Energy will not spontaneously transfer by heat from a cold object to a hot object.arrow_forwardA car salesperson claims that a 300-hp engine is a necessary option in a compact car, in place of the conventional 130-hp engine. Suppose you intend to drive the car within speed limits ( 65 mi/h) on flat terrain. How would you counter this sales pitch?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true for the entropy change of a system that undergoes a reversible, adiabatic process? (a) S 0 (b) S = 0 (c) S 0arrow_forward
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