Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134089089
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Seth Shostak
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 55IF
Relativistic Time Dilation. Use the time dilation equation from Cosmic Calculations 13.2 to answer each of the following questions.
- a. Suppose a rocket travels at the escape velocity from Earth (11 km/s). Will time on the rocket differ noticeably from time on Earth? Explain.
- b. Suppose a rocket travels at a speed of 0.9c. If the rocket is gone from Earth for 10 years as measured on Earth, how much time passes on the rocket?
- c. Suppose a rocket travels at a speed of 0.9999c. If the rocket is gone from Earth for 10 years as measured on Earth, how much time passes on the rocket?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
discussion of elementary particle physics?
PET a good exam-
ple
2. Describe the two fundamental postulates underlying Einstein's
special theory of relativity.
3. Suppose you were traveling toward the Sun at a constant velocity of
0.25c. With what speed does the light streaming out from the Sun go
past you? Explain your reasoning.
4. Light travels in water at a speed of 2.25 X 108 m/s. Is it possible for
particles to travel through water at a speed v>2.25 × 108 m/s?
Why or why not? Explain.
5. In your own words, define what is meant by time dilation in spe-
cial relativity theory. Provide a similar definition for length contrac-
tion. Give an example in which the effects of time dilation are actu-
ally observed.
15
16
17
1:
19
2
TOPIC
Special Theory of Relativity
Intro, Time Dilation & Length Contraction
A. TRUE OR FALSE. Explain your answer in one sentence.
1. The special theory of relativity is based on inertial frame of reference.
2. If a flashlight is emitted in a running train, the speed of light will be greater than c.
3. Time dilation and length contraction is not observed if the speed of an object being
observed is very slow compared to the speed of light because it is not happening at this
speed.
4. The twin who travelled at a very fast speed will age slower than his twin brother.
5. A car that travels at 0.85c will appear longer than when measured at rest.
B. PROBLEM SOLVING. State the given data and the unknown required to be solved.
Show the solution and express your final answer with correct number of significant
digits.
1. A certain particle has a lifetime of 1.00 x 10-7 s when measured at rest.
(a) What is its lifetime when moving at 0.99c?
(b) How far does it go before decaying?
2. A 28-year…
Physics
3. What is the relativistic addition of velocity? Derive the addition of velocity in classical mechanics from the relativistic one. Please give an example in calculating relative velocity in the relativistic region.
4. Consider the two typical consequences of the Lorentz transformations: moving rods contract (length contraction) and moving clocks run slow (time dilation). If we replace v = -v in the two formulas above, we will get the same results.Please explain the physical meaning of the results.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - How does the speed of light affect the possibility...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3RQCh. 13 - Prob. 4RQCh. 13 - What is the rocket equation used for? Based on the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Discuss a few ways of reaching the stars (other...Ch. 13 - How would time dilation affect space travel at...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - What is the Fermi paradox? What two seemingly...
Ch. 13 - Why does it seem that other civilizations, if they...Ch. 13 - What arc Von Neumann machines? How do they affect...Ch. 13 - Describe the coral model of galactic colonization....Ch. 13 - Briefly discuss possible motives for galactic...Ch. 13 - Summarize the three general categories of possible...Ch. 13 - Briefly discuss the profound implications of the...Ch. 13 - What known problems were solved when Einstein...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18RQCh. 13 - Besides the idea that you cannot reach the speed...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 22TYUCh. 13 - Each of the following describes some futuristic...Ch. 13 - Prob. 24TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 25TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 26TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 27TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 28TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 29TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 30TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 31TYUCh. 13 - The amount of energy that would be needed to...Ch. 13 - The rocket engines of our current spacecraft are...Ch. 13 - Suppose that a spaceship was launched in the year...Ch. 13 - Prob. 35TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 36TYUCh. 13 - Which of the following questions best represents...Ch. 13 - Prob. 38TYUCh. 13 - Which of the following is not relative in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 40TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 41POSCh. 13 - Prob. 42POSCh. 13 - Prob. 44IFCh. 13 - What's Wrong with This Picture? Many science...Ch. 13 - Large Rockets. Suppose we built a rocket that...Ch. 13 - Prob. 47IFCh. 13 - Solution to the Fermi Paradox. Among the various...Ch. 13 - Prob. 50IFCh. 13 - Cruise Ship Energy. Suppose we have a spaceship...Ch. 13 - Prob. 52IFCh. 13 - The Multistage Rocket Equation. The rocket...Ch. 13 - Relativistic Time Dilation. Use the time dilation...Ch. 13 - Testing Relativity. A + meson produced at rest has...Ch. 13 - Prob. 57IFCh. 13 - Prob. 58IFCh. 13 - Prob. 59IFCh. 13 - Prob. 60IFCh. 13 - The Turning Point. Discuss the idea that the...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
1. When is energy most evident?
Conceptual Physics (12th Edition)
If an aluminum sheet is held between the poles of a large bar magnet, it requires some force to pull it out of ...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
23. How many significant figures are there in the following values?
a. 0.05 × 10-4 b. 0.00340
c. 7.2 × 104 ...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (4th Edition)
Centrifuges are widely used in biology and medicine to separate cells and other particles from liquid suspensio...
Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
Find the Hohmann transfer velocities, vEllipseEarth and vEllipseMars ,needed for a trip to Mars. Use Equation 1...
University Physics Volume 1
Using the definitions in Eqs. 1.1 and 1.4, and appropriate diagrams, show that the dot product and cross produc...
Introduction to Electrodynamics
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Please help me. I badly need help Asap Explain in 4-5 sentences Differentiate between Special Theory of Relativity and General Theory of Relativity. 2. Describe the following: a. Time dilation b. Simultaneity of Time Interval (Can two events occur simultaneously?) c. Twin Paradox d. Length Contraction e. Relativistic velocities and momemtumarrow_forwardGearing up for My Relativity Journey Directions: Read and analyze the given situations/questions below. Complete the table by writing your prediction on the given situation. 1. Will it be possible for a moving person to observe two events happening simultaneously with respect to inertial frame given that another person simultaneously observes the two events in one inertial frame? 2. Does the distance covered by light under a stationary frame similar to the distance it will cover under a moving frame considering a stationary observer? 3. How do time and space influence aging on Earth and on the outer space? 1. Predict what will happen to the length of an object as it reaches the speed of light? 2. How much work is needed for an object to reach the speed of light in a vacuum? PREDICT ANALYZE EXPLAIN 145arrow_forwardRelativity might seem far removed from daily life, but even some older technologies had to take it into account. The electrons that draw the picture on the screen in an old-fashioned television set are accelerated through a potential difference of 17 kV.a. Calculate the speed of the electrons using the Newtonian formula for kinetic energy.b. Calculate the speed of the electrons using the relativistic formula for kinetic energy.c. By what factor does the Newtonian result exceed the relativistic result?arrow_forward
- It is year 2120 and we have figure out a propulsion system that allows spaceships travel at velocities as high as v = 0.87c. A first expedition to Alpha Centauri (the nearest planetary system) is being planned. Alpha Centauri is 4.3 ly away. Answer the following 5 questions below asking you about the details of this expedition. Question 10 Assuming a constant velocity of v=0.87c, how long would the trip to Alpha Centauri take as observed by the ground control team here on Earth? Give your answer in yearsarrow_forwardSuppose a spaceship of length L, is traveling at a high rate of speed v relative to an observer. To the observer, the ship appears to have a smaller length given by the following formula. L=L/1- where c is the speed of light Complete the parts (a) through (d). (a) What is the observed length L of the ship if it is traveling at 50% of the speed of light? Choose the correct answer below. O B. L=0 V5 OA L= OD. L=0 OC (b) What is the observed length L of the ship if it is traveling at 75% of the speed of light? O B. L=0 OA. L- OD. L-L OC. L= (c) In parts (a) and (b). what happens to L as the speed of the ship increases? Choose the correct answer below.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a CORRECT description of a consequence of the General Theory of Relativity? A. Black holes are regions of spacetime where light is emitted in the form of dark energy. B. Gravitational lensing enables us to see the beginning of the universe through redshifts. C. The elliptical path of Mercury is precessing about a certain degree in each century. D. Light is greatly bent by lighter objects than heavier objects due to its small circumference.arrow_forward
- Solve using GUESS method. Relativity 1. An astronaut traveling at a speed of 0.75c requires 25 years, as measured on Earth, to make a round trip to a nearby star. How many years did he age during the trip?arrow_forwardCruise Ship Enery. Suppose we have a spaceship about the size of a typical ocean cruise ship today, which means it has a mass of about l00 million kilograms, and we want to accelerate the ship to a speed of 10% of the speed of light. a. How Inuch energy would be required? (Hint; You can find the answer simply by calculating the kinetic energy of the ship when it reaches its cruising speed; because 10% of the speed of light is still small compared to the speed of light, you can use thsi formula kinetic energy = 1/2 x m x v2) b. How does your answer coInpare to total world energy use 5 x 1022 Joules? c. The typical cost of energy today is roughly 5¢ per 1 million joules. At this price, how much would it cost to generate the energy needed by this spaceship?arrow_forward1. Two atomic clocks are synchronized. One is placed on a satellite, which orbits around the earth at high speed for a whole year. The other is placed in a lab and remains at rest, with respect to the earth. You may assume that both clocks can measure time accurately to many significant digits. a. Will the two clocks still be synchronized after one year? Explain your reasoning. b. Imagine that the speed of light was much slower than its actual value. How would the results of this experiment change if the speed of light was only twice the average speed of the satellite? Explain your reasoning, using a calculation.arrow_forward
- When we drive our cars, we do not notice relativistic effects such as length contraction and time dilation because: Group of answer choices a. our speeds are much less than the speed of light. b. the effects cancel each other out. c. we are just used to it and we don't really notice anymore.arrow_forward7. For an electron: a. What is its rest energy (in joules)?.5 b. If it is traveling at 0.8c, what is its total relativistic energy? c. This traveling electron will create what and how?arrow_forward1. Voyager rocket is traveling between Earth and Jupiter (distance 8.013x1010 m). If Voyager probe was thousand times faster and had a speed of v=17x106 m/s=0.057c calculate the Earth-Jupiter distance that instruments aboard measure. a. What is the time of Voyager's trip measured by instruments onboard? Write your answer in seconds rounded to a whole number (for example 1234 s). _______________ b. What is the time of the trip measured by NASA on Earth? 2. An asteroid is traveling from asteroid belt to Earth with a speed of 0.6 c. To save the Earth, group of brave men set an explosive device to explode in 138 minutes. When will the group of scientists that monitor asteroid on Earth see the explosion (if everything goes rightarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
General Relativity: The Curvature of Spacetime; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7V3koyL7Mc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY