Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The structure of the product formed as a result of the given reaction is to be proposed based on the given IR spectrum.
Concept introduction:
Absorption of IR radiation causes excitations of vibrational motion of the atoms in a molecule. The vibrational motion can be of different types. In stretching vibrations, the bond length changes periodically. In bending vibrations, the bond angle or dihedral angle changes periodically. This may be an in-plane vibration or out of plane vibration.
The changes in the vibrational motion of the atoms in a molecule are quantized, i.e., the energy of vibrational motion can only have certain discrete values. In general, the frequency of the quantum of radiation absorbed and the frequency of vibration are the same.
The energy needed to excite molecular vibrations depends on the bond strength as a bond can be considered to behave like a spring. In turn, this also means it depends on the mass of the atoms that form the bond. In effect, this means the absorption peaks in the IR spectrum are characteristic of the bond between a particular pair of atoms. They are characteristic of the
An IR spectrum records percent transmittance as a function of the wavenumber
Heating a secondary alkyl bromide with a strong base in a
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 15 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- What is the major product structure? Provide the detailed mechanism of this reaction pleasearrow_forwardThe following reaction resulted in the product shown below, but not the other product shown. Using the reaction mechanisms and chemical structures, explain why their products was obtained. The product was obtained as a racemic mixture.arrow_forwardPredict the major product of the following reactions. If it is possible, write all stereoisomers.arrow_forward
- Predict the product of the following reaction, and provide the reaction mechanismarrow_forwardpiperidine undergoes the series of reactions shown here, 1,4-pentadiene is obtained as the product. When the four different methyl-substitutedpiperidines undergo the same series of reactions, each forms a different diene: 1,5-hexadiene; 1,4-pentadiene; 2-methyl-1,4-pentadiene; and3-methyl-1,4-pentadiene. Which methyl-substituted piperidine forms which diene?arrow_forwardPredict the product of the following reaction and provide a detailed mechanism. Thank you.arrow_forward
- Please show step by step the mechanism and electron flow of the following reaction. thanksarrow_forwardIn the following electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, the overall transformation is the substitution of one aromatic hydrogen atom for a nitro group. The major products of these syntheses are different. Please explain the observation below using complete sentences.arrow_forwardWhen propenal is treated with sodium acetylide, a product is formed whose IR spectrum exhibits a broad absorption between 3200 and 3600 cm¯1, but shows no absorption near 1700 cm-1. (a) Draw the structure of the product. (b) Argue whether the nucleophile adds reversibly or irreversibly to the carbonyl group. CH HC || CH2 1. HC=CNa ? 2. NH,CIarrow_forward
- Show detailed reaction mechanisms for the following reaction. Include all relevant resonance structures and the structure of the expected organic and inorganic products.arrow_forwardSuggest a detailed mechanism for each of the reactions below. Explain why the originating products were formed.arrow_forwardStrong support for the mechanism of the nucleophilic aromatic substitutionreaction that proceeds through a benzyne intermediate comes from the reaction shown here, in which bromobenzene is treated with KNH2 in the presence of cyclopentadiene. A product that is isolated has the formula C11H10. Draw the structure of that product and explain how it validates the production of a benzyne intermediate.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning