Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 17, Problem 10CP
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Define transport maximum and renal plasma threshold. Explain why people with diabetes mellitus have glycosuria.
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Define transport maximum and renal plasma threshold. Explain why people with diabetes mellitus have glycosuria.
Mention at least 5 proteins, besides albumin, that are present in the urine under pathological conditions.
Explain why a glucose test that is normally reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule may appear in the urine, and state the renal threshold levels for glucose.
Briefly describe the mechanism by which glucose enters and exits renal tubular epithelial cells in the proximal tubule. Further, describe how glucose is retained in these
cells for further metabolism.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 17 - Describe the "theme" of kidney function in a...Ch. 17 - Draw and label the tubular components of a nephron...Ch. 17 - Trace the course of tubular fluid from the...Ch. 17 - Trace the course of blood flow through the kidney...Ch. 17 - Describe the structures that plasma fluid must...Ch. 17 - Describe the forces that affect the formation of...Ch. 17 - Explain the significance of the glomerular...Ch. 17 - Prob. 5bCPCh. 17 - Describe the mechanisms for salt and water...Ch. 17 - Compare the transport of and water across the...
Ch. 17 - Describe the interaction between the ascending and...Ch. 17 - Explain how ADH helps the body conserve water. How...Ch. 17 - Define renal plasma clearance and describe how...Ch. 17 - Define the terms reabsorption and secretion. Using...Ch. 17 - Explain why the total renal blood flow can be...Ch. 17 - Define transport maximum and renal plasma...Ch. 17 - Describe the effects of aldosterone on the renal...Ch. 17 - Prob. 11bCPCh. 17 - Explain the mechanisms by which the cortical...Ch. 17 - Explain how the kidneys reabsorb filtered...Ch. 17 - Suppose a person with diabetes mellitus had an...Ch. 17 - List the different categories of clinical...Ch. 17 - Explain why most diuretics can cause excessive...Ch. 17 - Define uremia and discuss the dangers associated...Ch. 17 - Which of these statements about the renal pyramids...Ch. 17 - Match the following items:
Active transport of...Ch. 17 - Match the following items:
Active transport of...Ch. 17 - Match the following items:
Passively permeable to...Ch. 17 - Match the following items:
Passively permeable to...Ch. 17 - Antidiuretic hormone promotes the retention of...Ch. 17 - Aldosterone stimulates sodium reabsorption and...Ch. 17 - Substance X has a clearance greater than zero but...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9RACh. 17 - About of the glomerular ultrafiltrate is...Ch. 17 - Diuretic drugs that act in the nephron loop...Ch. 17 - The appearance of glucose in the urine a. occurs...Ch. 17 - Reabsorption of water through the tubules occurs...Ch. 17 - Which of these factors oppose(s) filtration from...Ch. 17 - The countercurrent exchange in the vasa recta...Ch. 17 - The kidneys help to maintain acid-base balance...Ch. 17 - Scientists currently believe that the main barrier...Ch. 17 - A drug that blocks the action of the organic anion...Ch. 17 - Explain how glomerular ultra filtrate is produced...Ch. 17 - Describe the transport properties of the nephron...Ch. 17 - Prob. 21RACh. 17 - Prob. 22RACh. 17 - Prob. 23RACh. 17 - Prob. 24RACh. 17 - Identify where secretion occurs in the nephron,...Ch. 17 - Which diuretic drugs do not produce hypokalemia?...Ch. 17 - Prob. 27RACh. 17 - Prob. 28RACh. 17 - Prob. 29RACh. 17 - Prob. 30RACh. 17 - Prob. 31RACh. 17 - Prob. 32RACh. 17 - s Suppose a woman with a family history of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 34RACh. 17 - Prob. 35RACh. 17 - Prob. 36RACh. 17 - Prob. 37RACh. 17 - Prob. 38RACh. 17 - Prob. 39RACh. 17 - Prob. 40RACh. 17 - Prob. 41RACh. 17 - Prob. 42RA
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- Name at least five symptoms of kidney failure.arrow_forwardExplain why the total renal blood flow can be measured by the renal plasma clearance of PAH.arrow_forwardDescribe the mechanisms for gain or loss of acids. Also describe the renal mechanisms for reabsorption and creation of the new HCO3‑arrow_forward
- Describe the role of a portal system in the kidney. Explain how urine osmolarity is hormonally regulated and describe the regulation of major ions by the kidney. Summarize the role of the kidneys in maintaining acid-base balance.arrow_forwardDefine renal plasma clearance and its importance.arrow_forwardDiscuss the difference of pre-renal, renal and post-renal proteinuria. Give conditions to which they may be present.arrow_forward
- Explain why not reabsorbing bicarbonate (HCO3-) and Glucose lead to acidosis and polyuria (respectively).arrow_forwardExplain why glucose test that is normally reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule may appear in the urine, and state the renal threshold levels for glucose.arrow_forwardThe syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a disorder of impaired water excretion caused by the inability to suppress the secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Why does the patient experience serum hypernatremia (high sodium), polyuria and polydipsia (excessive thirst)? Explain.arrow_forward
- Explain why Colloid osmotic pressure drops in patients dealing with a kidney disease leading to loss of proteins in the urinearrow_forwardDescribe the specific effect of aldosterone on the kidney.arrow_forwardExplanation about this pathophysiology of Primary aldosteronism The most important factors that predict the pathophysiologic association of hypokalemia with primary aldosteronism are: aldosterone hypersecretion, which acts on the cortical collecting duct to stimulate potassium secretion into the tubular fluid, thus enhancing renal/urinary potassium wasting; adequate intravascular volume, which enables adequate water delivery (tubular flow rate) to the renal distal convoluted tubules (DCTs) and collecting ducts to enable renal potassium loss; and adequate dietary sodium intake, which, in turn, increases total body potassium and renal/tubular sodium delivery and, thus, enhances renal potassium loss via the countercurrent transport system.arrow_forward
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