Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133104261
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 22, Problem 65P
To determine
The difference in the cyclotron frequency between two ions.
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The magnetic poles of a small cyclotron produce a magnetic field with magnitude 0.85 T. The poles have a radius of 0.40 m, which is the maximum radius of the orbits of the accelerated particles. (a) What is the maximum energy to which protons (q = 1.60 * 10-19 C, m = 1.67 * 10-27 kg) can be accelerated by this cyclotron? Give your answer in electron volts and in joules. (b) What is the time for one revolution of a proton orbiting at this maximum radius? (c) What would the magnetic-field magnitude have to be for the maximum energy to which a proton can be accelerated to be twice that calculated in part (a)? (d) For B = 0.85 T, what is the maximum energy to which alpha particles (q = 3.20 * 10-19 C, m = 6.64 * 10-27 kg) can be accelerated by this cyclotron? How does this compare to the maximum energy for protons?
The mass of an ion can be determined by measuring its cyclotron frequency in a strong magnetic field. The cyclotron frequency of ion X+ (with charge q=1.6×10−19Cq=1.6×10-19C is measured to be 2.3 MHz in a 1.8 T magnetic field. What is the mass of ion X+ in atomic mass units? Note: one atomic mass unit is 1 amu = 1.66×10-27 kg.)
A carbon-14 ion with a charge of +6.408x10^-19 C and a mass of 2.34x10^-26 kg is sent through a mass spectrometer and hits a detector at a point 10.0 cm to the left of where the beam leaves the velocity selector. The velocity selector and the detector are both in a region of magentic field of strength 0.500 T.
What is the direction of the magnetic field and what is the speed of the particle after it leaves the velocity selector?
Please also explain and show the steps you used to get there/the physics behind why/how you got to the answer to help me better understand. Thank you soo much. Also, the work and the explanation or most important because I already have the correct answer - I'm just unsure of how to get there.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Ch. 22.2 - An electron moves in the plane of this paper...Ch. 22.3 - A charged particle is moving perpendicular to a...Ch. 22.5 - A wire carries current in the plane of this paper...Ch. 22.7 - Consider the magnetic field due to the current in...Ch. 22.8 - Prob. 22.5QQCh. 22.9 - Figure 22.30 (Quick Quiz 22.6) Four closed paths...Ch. 22.9 - Prob. 22.7QQCh. 22.10 - Consider a solenoid that is very long compared...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1OQCh. 22 - What creates a magnetic field? More than one...
Ch. 22 - A charged particle is traveling through a uniform...Ch. 22 - A proton moving horizontally enters a region where...Ch. 22 - Two long, parallel wires each carry the same...Ch. 22 - Two long, straight wires cross each other at a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7OQCh. 22 - Prob. 8OQCh. 22 - Answer each question yes or no. (a) Is it possible...Ch. 22 - A long, straight wire carries a current I (Fig....Ch. 22 - A thin copper rod 1.00 m long has a mass of 50.0...Ch. 22 - A magnetic field exerts a torque on each of the...Ch. 22 - Two long, parallel wires carry currents of 20.0 A...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14OQCh. 22 - A long solenoid with closely spaced turns carries...Ch. 22 - Solenoid A has length L and N turns, solenoid B...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1CQCh. 22 - Prob. 2CQCh. 22 - Prob. 3CQCh. 22 - Prob. 4CQCh. 22 - Prob. 5CQCh. 22 - Prob. 6CQCh. 22 - Prob. 7CQCh. 22 - Imagine you have a compass whose needle can rotate...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9CQCh. 22 - Can a constant magnetic field set into motion an...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11CQCh. 22 - Prob. 12CQCh. 22 - Prob. 13CQCh. 22 - Prob. 14CQCh. 22 - A proton travels with a speed of 3.00 106 m/s at...Ch. 22 - Determine the initial direction of the deflection...Ch. 22 - An electron is accelerated through 2.40 103 V...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4PCh. 22 - Prob. 5PCh. 22 - Prob. 6PCh. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - Prob. 8PCh. 22 - Review. An electron moves in a circular path...Ch. 22 - A cosmic-ray proton in interstellar space has an...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - Prob. 12PCh. 22 - Prob. 13PCh. 22 - Prob. 14PCh. 22 - Consider the mass spectrometer shown schematically...Ch. 22 - Prob. 16PCh. 22 - The picture tube in an old black-and-white...Ch. 22 - Prob. 18PCh. 22 - Prob. 19PCh. 22 - In Figure P22.20, the cube is 40.0 cm on each...Ch. 22 - Prob. 21PCh. 22 - Prob. 22PCh. 22 - A wire 2.80 m in length carries a current of 5.00...Ch. 22 - A current loop with magnetic dipole moment is...Ch. 22 - A rectangular coil consists of N = 100 closely...Ch. 22 - Prob. 26PCh. 22 - Prob. 27PCh. 22 - Prob. 28PCh. 22 - Calculate the magnitude of the magnetic field at a...Ch. 22 - An infinitely long wire carrying a current I is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 31PCh. 22 - Prob. 32PCh. 22 - One long wire carries current 30.0 A to the left...Ch. 22 - Prob. 34PCh. 22 - Prob. 35PCh. 22 - Prob. 36PCh. 22 - Prob. 37PCh. 22 - 3. In Niels Bohr’s 1913 model of the hydrogen...Ch. 22 - Review. In studies of the possibility of migrating...Ch. 22 - Prob. 40PCh. 22 - Prob. 41PCh. 22 - Prob. 42PCh. 22 - In Figure P22.43, the current in the long,...Ch. 22 - Prob. 44PCh. 22 - Prob. 45PCh. 22 - Prob. 46PCh. 22 - Prob. 47PCh. 22 - A packed bundle of 100 long, straight, insulated...Ch. 22 - Prob. 49PCh. 22 - Prob. 50PCh. 22 - Prob. 51PCh. 22 - Prob. 52PCh. 22 - A long, straight wire lies on a horizontal table...Ch. 22 - Prob. 54PCh. 22 - A single-turn square loop of wire, 2.00 cm on each...Ch. 22 - Prob. 56PCh. 22 - A long solenoid that has 1 000 turns uniformly...Ch. 22 - A solenoid 10.0 cm in diameter and 75.0 cm long is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 59PCh. 22 - In Niels Bohr’s 1913 model of the hydrogen atom,...Ch. 22 - Prob. 61PCh. 22 - Prob. 62PCh. 22 - Prob. 63PCh. 22 - Prob. 64PCh. 22 - Prob. 65PCh. 22 - The Hall effect finds important application in the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 67PCh. 22 - Prob. 68PCh. 22 - Prob. 69PCh. 22 - Prob. 70PCh. 22 - Assume the region to the right of a certain plane...Ch. 22 - Prob. 72PCh. 22 - Prob. 73PCh. 22 - Prob. 74PCh. 22 - Prob. 75PCh. 22 - Review. Rail guns have been suggested for...Ch. 22 - Prob. 77PCh. 22 - Prob. 78PCh. 22 - Prob. 79PCh. 22 - Prob. 80PCh. 22 - Prob. 81P
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- The magnetic field in a cyclotron is 1.25 T, and the maximum orbital radius of the circulating protons is 0.40 m. (a) What is the kinetic energy of the protons when they are ejected from the cyclotron? (b) What Is this energy in MeV? (c) Through what potential difference would a proton have to be accelerated to acquire this kinetic energy? (d) What is the period of tire voltage source used to accelerate the piotons? (e) Repeat tire calculations for alpha-particles.arrow_forwardA proton precesses with a frequency p in the presence of a magnetic field. If the intensity of the magnetic field is doubled, what happens to the precessional frequency?arrow_forwardA spacecraft is in 4 circular orbit of radius equal to 3.0 104 km around a 2.0 1030 kg pulsar. The magnetic field of the pulsar at that radial distance is 1.0 102 T directed perpendicular to the velocity of the spacecraft. The spacecraft is 0.20 km long with a radius of 0.040 km and moves counter-clockwise in the xy-plane around the pulsar. (a) What is the speed of the spacecraft? (b) If the magnetic field points in the positive z-direction, is the emf induced from the back to the front of the spacecraft or from side to side? (c) Compute the induced emf. (d) Describe the hazards for astronauts inside any spacecraft moving in the vicinity of a pulsar.arrow_forward
- A spacecraft is in 4 circular orbit of radius equal to 3.0 104 km around a 2.0 1030 kg pulsar. The magnetic field of the pulsar at that radial distance is 1.0 102 T directed perpendicular to the velocity of the spacecraft. The spacecraft is 0.20 km long with a radius of 0.040 km and moves counter-clockwise in the xy-plane around the pulsar. (a) What is the speed of the spacecraft? (b) If the magnetic field points in the positive z-direction, is the emf induced from the back to the front of the spacecraft or from side to side? (c) Compute the induced emf. (d) Describe the hazards for astronauts inside any spacecraft moving in the vicinity of a pulsar.arrow_forward(a) An oxygen16 ion with a mass at 2.661026kg travels at 5.00106m/s perpendicular to a 1.20T magnetic field, which makes it move in a circular arc with a 0.231-m radius. What positive charge is on the ion? (b) What is the radio of this charge to the charge of an electron? (c) Discuss why the radio found in (b) should be an integer.arrow_forwardAn alpha-particle ( m=6.641027kg , q=3.21019C ) travels in a circular path of radius 25 cm in a uniform magnetic field of magnitude 1.5 T. (a) What is the speed of the particle? (b) What is the kinetic energy in electron-volts? (c) Through what potential difference must the particle be accelerated in order to give it this kinetic energy?arrow_forward
- A mass spectrometer (Fig. 30.40, page 956) operates with a uniform magnetic field of 20.0 mT and an electric field of 4.00 103 V/m in the velocity selector. What is the radius of the semicircular path of a doubly ionized alpha particle (ma = 6.64 1027 kg)?arrow_forwardAn electron in a TV CRT moves with a speed of 6.0107 m/s, in a direction perpendicular to Earth's field, which has a strength of 5.0105 T. (a) What strength electric field must be applied perpendicular to the Earth’s field to make the election moves in a straight line? (b) If this is done between plates separated by 1.00 cm, what is the voltage applied? (Note that TVs are usually surrounded by a ferromagnetic material to shield against external magnetic fields and avoid the need for such a collection,)arrow_forwardWhat magnetic field is required in order to confine a proton moving with a speed of 4.0 × 106 m/s to a circular orbit of radius 10 cm?arrow_forward
- Determine the initial direction of the deflection of charged particles as they enter the magnetic fields as shown in Figure P22.2. Figure P22.2.arrow_forwardThe strengths of the fields in the velocity selector of a Bainbridge mass spectrometer are B = 0.500 T and E=1.2105 Van, and tire strength of the magnetic field that separates the ions is Bo=0.750 T. A stream of singly charged Li ions is found to bend in a circular arc of radius 2.32 cm. What is the mass of the Li ions?arrow_forwardAn electron of kinetic energy 2000 eV passes between parallel plates that are 1.0 an apart and kept at a potential difference of 300 V. What is the strength of the uniform magnetic field B that will allow the electron to travel undeflected through the plates? Assume E and B are perpendicular.arrow_forward
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