Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133104261
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 27, Problem 1CQ
To determine
Check whether atoms of a crystalline system will produce diffraction pattern by visible rays and x-rays.
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The atoms in a crystal lie in planes separated by a few tenths of a nanometer. Can a crystal be used to produce a diffraction pattern with visible light as it does for x-rays? Explain your answer with reference to Bragg’s law.
X-rays of wavelength equal to 0.134 nm give a first order diffraction from the surface of a crystal when the value of 0(theta) is 10.5°. Calculate the distance between the planes in the crystal parallel to the surface examined.
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When x - rays of wavelength of 0.129 nm are incident on the surface of a crystal having a structure similar to that of NaCl, a first - order maximum is observed at 8.15°. Calculate the interplanar spacing of the crystal based on this information.
Chapter 27 Solutions
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Ch. 27.3 - Which of the following causes the fringes in a...Ch. 27.5 - In a laboratory accident, you spill two liquids...Ch. 27.5 - Prob. 27.3QQCh. 27.6 - Prob. 27.4QQCh. 27.7 - Suppose you are observing a binary star with a...Ch. 27.8 - Ultraviolet light of wavelength 350 nm is incident...Ch. 27 - Consider a wave passing through a single slit....Ch. 27 - Prob. 2OQCh. 27 - Suppose Youngs double-slit experiment is performed...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4OQ
Ch. 27 - Prob. 5OQCh. 27 - Prob. 6OQCh. 27 - A monochromatic beam of light of wavelength 500 nm...Ch. 27 - A film of oil on a puddle in a parking lot shows a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 9OQCh. 27 - A Fraunhofer diffraction pattern is produced on a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 11OQCh. 27 - Prob. 12OQCh. 27 - Why is it advantageous to use a large-diameter...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1CQCh. 27 - Prob. 2CQCh. 27 - Prob. 3CQCh. 27 - Prob. 4CQCh. 27 - Why is the lens on a good-quality camera coated...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6CQCh. 27 - Prob. 7CQCh. 27 - Prob. 8CQCh. 27 - A laser beam is incident at a shallow angle on a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 10CQCh. 27 - Prob. 11CQCh. 27 - Prob. 12CQCh. 27 - John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh (1842–1919),...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1PCh. 27 - Youngs double-slit experiment underlies the...Ch. 27 - Two radio antennas separated by d = 300 m as shown...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4PCh. 27 - Prob. 5PCh. 27 - Prob. 6PCh. 27 - In Figure P27.7 (not to scale), let L = 1.20 m and...Ch. 27 - Prob. 8PCh. 27 - Prob. 9PCh. 27 - Prob. 10PCh. 27 - Two slits are separated by 0.180 mm. An...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12PCh. 27 - A pair of narrow, parallel slits separated by...Ch. 27 - Coherent light rays of wavelength strike a pair...Ch. 27 - Prob. 15PCh. 27 - Prob. 16PCh. 27 - A riverside warehouse has several small doors...Ch. 27 - Prob. 18PCh. 27 - Prob. 19PCh. 27 - Astronomers observe the chromosphere of the Sun...Ch. 27 - Prob. 21PCh. 27 - Prob. 22PCh. 27 - A beam of 580-nm light passes through two closely...Ch. 27 - Prob. 24PCh. 27 - An air wedge is formed between two glass plates...Ch. 27 - Prob. 26PCh. 27 - Prob. 27PCh. 27 - Prob. 28PCh. 27 - Prob. 29PCh. 27 - Prob. 30PCh. 27 - Prob. 31PCh. 27 - Prob. 32PCh. 27 - A beam of monochromatic green light is diffracted...Ch. 27 - Prob. 34PCh. 27 - Prob. 35PCh. 27 - Prob. 36PCh. 27 - Prob. 37PCh. 27 - Prob. 38PCh. 27 - Prob. 39PCh. 27 - White light is spread out into its spectral...Ch. 27 - Prob. 41PCh. 27 - Prob. 42PCh. 27 - Prob. 43PCh. 27 - Prob. 44PCh. 27 - Prob. 45PCh. 27 - Prob. 46PCh. 27 - Prob. 47PCh. 27 - Prob. 48PCh. 27 - Prob. 49PCh. 27 - Prob. 50PCh. 27 - Prob. 51PCh. 27 - A wide beam of laser light with a wavelength of...Ch. 27 - Prob. 53PCh. 27 - Prob. 54PCh. 27 - Prob. 55PCh. 27 - Prob. 56PCh. 27 - Prob. 57PCh. 27 - Prob. 58PCh. 27 - Prob. 59PCh. 27 - Prob. 60PCh. 27 - Prob. 61PCh. 27 - Prob. 62PCh. 27 - Both sides of a uniform film that has index of...Ch. 27 - Prob. 64PCh. 27 - Light of wavelength 500 nm is incident normally on...Ch. 27 - Prob. 66PCh. 27 - A beam of bright red light of wavelength 654 nm...Ch. 27 - Iridescent peacock feathers are shown in Figure...Ch. 27 - Prob. 69PCh. 27 - Prob. 70PCh. 27 - Figure CQ27.4 shows an unbroken soap film in a...
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- (a) What are X-rays? Differentiate between characteristic (monochromatic) and continuous X-rays. What are Laue equations for diffraction of X-rays by a crystalline solid? Show that the Bragg's equation is a special case of the Laue equations.arrow_forwardQ#03. (a) Show that the (hkl) plane is perpendicular to the [hkl] direction. (b) Discuss the Laue method for X-ray diffraction to evaluate the crystal structure and write its advantages over the other methods..arrow_forwardPROBLEM For a given x-ray diffraction test (n = 1) on a cubic crystal structure, the recorded diffraction peaks (20) were 24.09°, 34.33°, 42.37°, 49.33°, 55.62°, and 61.48°. The x-ray wavelength used in the test was 0.15418 nm. For this test, determine the crystal structure of the element, the lattice constant, and identify the element.arrow_forward
- X-rays with wavelengths of 128 pm was used to study a crystal which produced a reflection of 15.8 degrees. Assuming first order diffraction (n = 1), what is the distance between the planes of atoms (d)?arrow_forwardX-ray diffraction analysis (using a Cu anode) of a specimen with a known cubic crystal structure reveals that the peak generated as a result of reflection from the (110) plane occurs at a 20=32°. Determine the unit cell volume of this materialarrow_forwardYou are given a small bar of an unknown metal. You find the density of the metal to be 18.6 g/cm3. An x-yar diffraction experiment measures the edge of the face-centered cubic unit cell as 4.13 x 10-10m. Find the atomic weight (in g/mol) of this metal and assess its identity.arrow_forward
- Q2/A/ Figure bellow shows an x-ray diffraction pattern for a-iron taken using a diffractometer and monochromatic x-radiation having a wavelength of 0.154 nm; each diffraction peak on the pattern has been indexed first order. Compute the interplaner spacing for each set of planes indexed; also determine the lattice parameter of Fe for each of the peaks?arrow_forwardTungsten (W) crystallizes in cubic structure. The edge length of the unit cell of this crystal structure is a = 3.1648 Å. When the X-ray diffraction experiment is performed, scattering occurs from the following planes: (110), (200), (211), (220), (310), (222), (321), (400), (411), (420), (332), (431) Which of the x-rays scattered from the (110) and (200) planes has the greatest intensity? Hint: The intensity of the x-ray scattered from any atom decreases as the scattering angle increases. Also note that λ / 2d = sinθ.arrow_forwardProblem 01: An x-ray diffractometer (XRD) recorder chart for an element which has either the BCC or the FCC crystal structure showed diffraction peaks at the following 20 angles: 40.663°, 47.314°, 69.144°, and 83.448°. (The wavelength 2 of the incoming radiation was 0.15405 nm.) Now using the Bragg's law and d-spacing formula: (a) Generalize the concept of radius ratio identify the crystal structure of the element. (b) Determine the lattice constant of the element. (c) Identify the element use the data of the Table 1. (d) If you were told that the metal is palladium, would you be surprised? How do you identify the discrepancy? You can use this table for interpretation. Table: 1: Selected metals that have the BCC, FCC, HCP crystal structure at room temperature (20°C) and their lattice constant, atomic radius, density, melting point temperature. Lattice Constants 20°C, nm Melting Paint, °C Atomic Radins, nm Crystal Structuret (20°C) Element Symbol Aluminum AI Sb 660 Antimony Arsenic 630…arrow_forward
- Please explain the following phenomena in X-Ray Diffraction. Why does the background intensity of an X-ray spectrum decrease with 2θ? If diffraction peaks of a crystalline solid shift to the high 2θ direction by internal stress, is this tensile or compressive stress?arrow_forwardYou are given a small bar of an unknown metal. You find the density of the metal to be 11.5 g/cm3. An X-ray diffraction experiment measures the edge of the face-centered cubic unit cell as 4.06 x 10-10 m. Find the gram-atomic weight of this metal and tentatively identify it.arrow_forwardWhen x-rays of wavelength of 0.129 nm are incident on the surface of a crystal having a structure similar to that of NaCl, a first-order maximum is observed at 8.15°. Calculate the interplanar spacing based on this information. nm Need Help? Read Itarrow_forward
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