Tutorials in Introductory Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780130970695
Author: Peter S. Shaffer, Lillian C. McDermott
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27.2, Problem 2dTH
One mole of an ideal gas is confined to a container with a movable piston. The questions below refer to the processes shown on the PV diagram at right. Process I is a change front state X to state Y at constant pressure. Process II is a change from state W to state Z at a different constant pressure.
d. In Process I, is the
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Shown below are bar charts for processes
involving ideal gasses. For each, draw the
appropriate line or curve on the PV graph,
including an arrow for direction. Explain.
1.
Temperature Pressure Volume
bul
IF IF I F
2.
Temperature Pressure Volume
T
I FI FI F
4.
I F
IF I F
P
Temperature Pressure Volume
7 G
I FI FI F
P
3. For this, use the ideal gas law as a guide:
Temperature Pressure Volume
P
V
P
V
V
Suppose a monatomic ideal gas is changed from state A to state D by one of the processes shown on the PV diagram.
1. The gas follows the constant-temperature path AC followed by the constant-pressure path CD.
What is the total work done on the gas ?
What is the total change in internal energy of the gas during the entire process?
What is the total heat flow into the gas?
Part B
A container holds a sample of ideal gas in thermal equilibrium, as shown in the
figure. (Figure 1) One end of the container is sealed with a piston whose head is
perfectly free to move, unless it is locked in place. The walls of the container readily
allow the transfer of energy via heat, unless the piston is insulated from its
surroundings.
Starting from equilibrium at point 0, what point on the pV diagram will describe the ideal gas after the following process?
"Immerse the container into a large water bath at the same temperature, and very slowly push the piston head further into the container."
• View Available Hint(s)
O point 1
O point 2
O point 3
O point 4
O point 5
O point 6
O point 7
O point 8
Submit
Previous Answers
X Incorrect; Try Again; 4 attempts remaining
The volume of the gas cannot remain constant because the piston head has moved further into the container.
Part C
Starting from equilibrium at point 0, what point on the pV diagram will describe the ideal gas…
Chapter 27 Solutions
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1aTHCh. 27.1 - In this process, which of the quantities P, V, n,...Ch. 27.1 - Consider the following incorrect student...Ch. 27.1 - Explain why it is not possible to use the ideal...Ch. 27.1 - A long pin is used to hold the piston in place as...Ch. 27.1 - A long pin is used to hold the piston in place as...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 2cTHCh. 27.2 - Prob. 1aTHCh. 27.2 - Prob. 1bTHCh. 27.2 - Prob. 1cTH
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- The gas cylinder in (Figure 1) is well insulated except for the bottom surface, which is in contact with a block of ice. The piston can slide without friction. The initial gas temperature is >0°C. Figure 1 of 1 Part Gas During Explair Ice Match iarrow_forwardProblem 2 Suppose an irreversible process takes 1.0 mol of monoatomic ideal gas from state 1 to state 2, where pressure increases linearly with volume as shown in the diagram below. P2 Suppose that the following measurements are taken: 1 P1 Pi=101,000 N/m? Vi = 0.010 m³ p2=185,000 N/m? V2 = 0.026 m V1 V2 Calculate the following: a) work done on the system for the process. b) heat into the system for the process. c) AUsys for going from state 1 to 2. Give your answer in units of joules (J). d) ASsys for going from state 1 to 2. Give your answer in units of J/K. e) What can be known about ASsurr for this process? V (m³) p (N/m²)arrow_forwardGive an equation for the infinitesimal change in entropy, ??, of a system in terms of the heat transfer ??? and the temperature ? at which the heat transfer occurs. Explain the sign convention.ii. A litre of water at 20 °C is placed in a fridge at 5 °C. Calculate the change in entropy of the water, including the sign, once all the water has come into thermal equilibrium.iii. Calculate the change in entropy of the fridge from part ii, including the sign.iv. Demonstrate that the Second Law has been obeyed in the process described in ii and iii.arrow_forward
- A gas undergoes the process shown in the diagram below. During the process AB, the internal energy of the gas decreases and a certain amount of heat Q goes out of the system for the process CA. Use this information to answer the questions below. Options for each selection is Positive, Negative, or Zero (check attached image) (a) What are the signs of W (work done by the gas), Q, and ΔU for the process CA?(b) What are the signs of W (work done by the gas), Q, and ΔU for the process AB?(c) What are the signs of W (work done by the gas), Q, and ΔU for the process BC?arrow_forwardQuestion 2 A particular power plant operates with a heat-source reservoir at 350°C and a heatsink reservoir at 30°C. It has a thermal efficiency equal to 55% of the Carnot-engine thermal efficiency for the same temperatures. What is the thermal efficiency of the plant? Use the editor to format your answerarrow_forwardpin 6. A long pin is now used to hold the piston in place as shown in the diagram. The cylinder is then placed into boiling water. The valve remains closed for the whole time. a. Does the temperature of the gas increase, decrease, or remain the same? b. Sketch this process in the PV diagram. Using arrow, indicate the direction of the process on your graph. c. Explain why for this particular situation, it is impossible to determine the pressure of the gas as you did on question 1 (that is, by considering the free-body-diagram of the piston).arrow_forward
- The pV diagram in the figure (Figure 1) shows a process abc involving 0.350 mol of an ideal gas. What was the temperature of this gas at points a, b, and c? How much heat had to be put in during the process to increase the internal energy of the gas by 1.30×104 J ?arrow_forwardPart A A cube 21 cm on each side contains 3.2 g of helium at 20°C. 1300 J of heat are transferred to this gas. What is the final pressure if the process is at constant volume? Express your answer with the appropriate units. • View Available Hint(s) µA = Value Units Submit Part B What is the final volume if the process is at constant pressure? Express your answer with the appropriate units. • View Available Hint(s) µÀ V = Value Unitsarrow_forwardIn the pV diagram shown in the figure (Figure 1), 80.0 J of work was done by 0.0610 mole of ideal gas during an adiabatic process. a) How much heat entered or left this gas from a to b? Express your answer in joules. b) By how many joules did the internal energy of the gas change? Express your answer in joules. c) What is the temperature of the gas at b? Express your answer in kelvins.arrow_forward
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