Two moles of helium gas axe placed in a cylindrical container with a piston. The gas is at room temperature 25 ℃ and under a pressure of
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- A sample of a monatomic ideal gas occupies 5.00 L at atmospheric pressure and 300 K (point A in Fig. P17.68). It is warmed at constant volume to 3.00 atm (point B). Then it is allowed to expand isothermally to 1.00 atm (point C) and at last compressed isobarically to its original state. (a) Find the number of moles in the sample. Find (b) the temperature at point B, (c) the temperature at point C, and (d) the volume at point C. (e) Now consider the processes A B, B C, and C A. Describe how to carry out each process experimentally. (f) Find Q, W, and Eint for each of the processes. (g) For the whole cycle A B C A, find Q, W, and Eint. Figure P17.68arrow_forwardAn aluminum rod 0.500 m in length and with a cross-sectional area of 2.50 cm2 is inserted into a thermally insulated vessel containing liquid helium at 4.20 K. The rod is initially at 300 K. (a) If one-half of the rod is inserted into the helium, how many liters of helium boil off by the time the inserted half cools to 4.20 K? Assume the upper half does not yet cool. (b) If the circular surface of the upper end of the rod is maintained at 300 K, what is the approximate boil-off rate of liquid helium in liters per second after the lower half has reached 4.20 K? (Aluminum has thermal conductivity of 3 100 W/m K at 4.20 K; ignore its temperature variation. The density of liquid helium is 125 kg/m3.)arrow_forwardOne mole of an ideal gas does 3 000 J of work on its surroundings as it expands isothermally to a final pressure of 1.00 atm and volume of 25.0 L. Determine (a) the initial volume and (b) the temperature of the gas.arrow_forward
- When a gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion, which of the following statements is true? (a) The temperature of the gas does not change. (b) No work is done by the gas. (c) No energy is transferred to the gas by heat. (d) The internal energy of the gas does not change. (e) The pressure increases.arrow_forwardIn a chemical processing plant, a reaction chamber of fixed volume V0 is connected to a reservoir chamber of fixed volume 4V0 by a passage containing a thermally insulating porous plug. The plug permits the chambers to be at different temperatures. The plug allows gas to pass from either chamber to the other, ensuring that the pressure is the same in both. At one point in the processing, both chambers contain gas at a pressure of 1.00 atm and a temperature of 27.0C. Intake and exhaust valves to the pair of chambers are closed. The reservoir is maintained at 27.0C while the reaction chamber is heated to 400C. What is the pressure in both chambers after that is done?arrow_forwardWhen 400 J of heat are slowly added to 10 mol of an ideal monatomic gas, its temperature rises by 10 . What is the work done on the gas?arrow_forward
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