Concept explainers
a)
Interpretation: A dotted line that connects each partial positive charge density to nearby partial negative charge density should be drawn.
Concept introduction: Electronegative elements have tendency to attract electrons towards it. Since electrons are shared more towards electronegative element, it acquires partial negative charge on it. As a result, other bonded atom forms a partial positive charge.
b)
Interpretation: The reason for the higher boiling point of
Concept introduction: Dipole moment is the measure of bond polarity in a molecule. It is defined as product of charge and distance of separation between opposite charges. Polar molecules consist of dipole moments due to presence of charges in them, whereas non-polar molecules do not have dipole moments. Boiling is used to define when a substance gets converted from its liquid to vapor phase at the boiling point. The temperature at which the vapor pressure of liquid and atmospheric pressure becomes equal is called boiling point.
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Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
- Consider an organic molecule with the molecular formula C13H10O. a. Propose a chemically correct structure for this molecule that contains a ketone. b. Propose a chemically correct structure for this molecule that contains a functional group other than a ketonearrow_forward4. Show the steps necessary, in order, to make each of the following compounds. Start with benzene, and use only reactions we studied this semester. -NO₂ a) b) Br -COH ·Porarrow_forwardConstitutional isomers are compounds which have the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. They are different compounds with different physical and chemical properties.a. Rearrange your model of n-hexane to make as many possible isomers of C6H14 as you can. Draw the structural formula and write down the IUPAC name for each isomer that you make.b. Constitutional isomers can also have different functional groups. Make all possible isomers of C3H8O. Write down the structural formulae and IUPAC names for all the compounds you make. Hint: Consider alcohol and ether functional groups.arrow_forward
- Facts are stated in the table below about three common alcohols. Each alcohol has at most 3 carbon atoms per molecule. In the third column of the table, write the systematic (IUPAC) name of each alcohol. Also, in the drawing area below the table draw the chemical structure of 3. (You can draw a condensed or skeletal structure, whichever you prefer.) Part 1 of 2 alcohol 1 2 3 Part 2 of 2 some facts By far the greatest use of this alcohol is in "alcoholic" beverages such as beer, wine, and spirits. But it's also used as a minor ingredient in over-the-counter medications like cough syrup. This poisonous alcohol is a typical major component of car antifreeze. This alcohol is not safe to eat or drink, but it is often used topically (e.g. on the skin) in the clinical setting because it is a good disinfectant and has a lower toxicity than similar light alcohols. Molecular structure of 3: Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 0:0 0 X 5 systematic (IUPAC) name E to è 0 0 0arrow_forwardA2 1. An alkyne with molecular formula C5H10 2. A ketone with molecular formula C4H8O 3. A ketone with molecular formula C3H8O 4. An alkene with molecular formula C5H8 5. An alkene with molecular formula C5H10 6. An aldehyde with molecular formula C2H4O 7. An aldehyde with molecular formula CH4O 8. A saturated hydrocarbon with molecular formula C6H14arrow_forwardIdentify the circled functional group(s) for each molecule. OH CH3CHCH3 a. ΙΟ ——CH2 b. NH2CH2CH2CH2NHCH3 C. H₂N d. 0 Circle and name all functional group(s) for each molecule CH3 HO OH SH CH2CHCH NHCH(CH3)2 OHarrow_forward
- How are I and II related? I and H3C-C=CH 11 Select one: O A. They are identical compounds. OB. They are different compounds, not isomers. OC. They are resonance structures. O D. They are isomers. Which of the followarrow_forward3. Consider the following table. List three substances as having the strongest intermolecular forces. Explain your reason. Formula CH4 HOH C₂H6 CH₂OH C3H8 CH₂CH₂OH C4H10 CH3CH₂CH₂OH Name methane water ethane methanol propane ethanol butane 1-propanol Molar Mass Boiling Point (°C) -164 100 -89 65 -42 78 16 18 30 32 44 46 58 60 97arrow_forward2.a What is the molar mass of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)? b. Name the functional groups on the hydrocarbon ring present in acetylsalicylic acid. Circle them below. H H H H OH H -C-C-H OHarrow_forward
- Draw the Lewis Structure 1. CH3CHOHCH3, isopropyl alcohol 2. CH3CH2CH2CO2H, butyric acid 3. CH3COOCH2CH3, ethyl acetatearrow_forward10-28 List three reasons why functional groups are important in organic chemistry.arrow_forward4. Take the models and exchange the last remaining Hydrogen atom with a Chlorine atom on each model. Example: CI HI CI C-Cl + C/ H CI CI replace the colored hy drogen with a chlorine atom CI C-Cl CC CI Again, try to superimpose the models so that all atoms are aligned. a. What are the IUPAC names for the new compounds? b. Are the two models the same? CI CICCI CI +arrow_forward
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