Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781133603184
Author: Frances Sizer, Ellie Whitney
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 4, Problem 18SC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A calorie is the unit to measure the amount of the energy one gets from the food. Sugar is a source of calorie which can easily metabolize by the body to convert into energy. Taking excess added sugar can also alter the normal functioning.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of these does insulin do? A. It helps the intestines digest glucose. B. It helps glucose enter cells. C. It converts glucose into glutamate. D. It converts stored fats into glucose.
Which of the following concerning glucagon is TRUE?
a.
It is a hormonal protein that uptakes glucose and amino acids from blood.
b.
Its activity is up-regulated when blood glucose increases.
c.
It is a hormonal protein that up-regulates glycogenolysis.
d.
It decreases gluconeogenesis.
In the regulation of gluconeogenesis during fasting, which of the following decreases?
a. Release of fatty acid from adipose tissue
b. Fatty acid oxidation in the liver
c. Blood glucose levels
d. AcetylCoA in the liver
Chapter 4 Solutions
Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
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- Increasing blood glucose concentration during the absorptive period in healthy individuals a.Stimulates Pancreas to secrete Glucagon b.Inhibits glucose uptake by liver and peripheral tissues c.Stimulates Pancreas to secrete Insulin d.All of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the integration of fat and carbohydrate metabolism control is correct? a. High insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in muscle b. High insulin/glucagon ratio inhibits lipogenesis in liver. c. Low insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in adipocytes. d. Insulin-dependent glucose transporters are recruited to their functional membrane site when insulin levels are lowarrow_forwardUntreated diabetes leads the body to mobilize glucose stores and break down fats. If the issue is that blood glucose is too high, why does this happen? a. Intracellular stores of glucose are very low and the cells feel starved b. All of the above explain why this happens c. Most of the glucose leaves through the kidneys since glucose has exceeded Tmax d. Circulating fat stores are low, which promotes lipolysis e. A lack of insulin results in chronic sympathetic drive, using up all the blood glucosearrow_forward
- Which of the following is true?a. Triglycerides have the least energy content per gram of the three majorenergy sources in the body.b. Fat catabolism generates new triglycerides for storage in adipose tissue.c. By mass, the total-body content of carbohydrates exceeds that of total triglycerides.d. Catabolism of fatty acids occurs in two-carbon steps.e. Triglycerides are the major lipids found in plasma membranesarrow_forwardHoward is a middleaged man and has been slowly gaining weight after reaching the age of 30. He has decided to lose weight by following a lowcarbohydrate diet. What physiologic process allows his brain to still have sufficient glucose to function normally? a. maintenance of nitrogen balance b. hypothalamus regulation c. gluconeogenesis d. transaminationarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true about the well-fed state? O a. Liver glycogen is synthesized from polymerization of glucose. b. Mobilization of triacylglycerols from adipose provides fatty acids to be oxidized and precursors for ketone bodies. O C. Insulin decreases. d. Glucagon and epinephrine increase. O e. Synthesis of proteins and fat is inhibited.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding glycogen are true? A. Glucose from glycogen can be metabolized anaerobically B. Approximately 1-2% of muscle weight is glycogen, whereas 10-15% of liver weight is glycogen C. It is faster for the muscle to obtain energy from glycogen than from lipids D. A and B are true E. B and C are true F. Both A, B, and C are truearrow_forwardMatch the blood glucose source with its fate/outcome. Non-carbohydrate other saccharides Diet Liver Glycogen A. Glycogen B. Carbon dioxide, water and energy C. Non-carbohydrate biomolecules D. Other saccharidesarrow_forwardBile salts are responsible for the... A. transport of triacylglycerols to adipocytes. B. transport of fatty acids from adipocytes to myocytes. C. exposure of triacylglycerols to intestinal lipases. D. prevention of triacylglycerol to diacylglycerol degradation.arrow_forward
- A young child who presents with otherwise normal development has persistent diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain after eating. A dairy elimination diet was attempted without successful relief. After feeding with sucrose, the level of glucose in the blood barely increased. Using your knowledge of metabolism and enzymes consider, how might this be possible? a. deficiency of salivary amylase b. hereditary lactase deficiency c. secondary lactase deficiency d. hereditary insufficiency of sucrase e. disorders of transportersarrow_forwardThe control of blood sugar levels is accomplished by coordination of several components of the body. Which of the following is not involved in blood sugar control? а. Liver b. Insulin С. Pancreas d. Glucagonarrow_forwardWhat makes the blood abnormally acidic? A. Low levels of ketones B. high level of insulin C. Low level of insulin D. High level of ketones E. None of the abovearrow_forward
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