Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 50, Problem 11TYK

Discuss Concepts Experimentally, it is possible to divide an amphibian egg so that the gray crescent is wholly within one of the two cells formed. If the two cells are separated, only the cell with the gray crescent will form an embryo with a long axis, notochord, nerve cord, and back musculature. The other forms a shapeless mass of immature gut and blood cells. Propose an explanation for these outcomes.

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One of the earliest experimental embryology experiments was conducted by Wilhelm Roux, who used a hot needle to kill one of the cells in an amphibian embryo at the two-cell stage. In the experiment, the remaining living cell formed only half of an embryo. However, later vertebrate experiments showed that by completely separating cells in early embryos, each can make complete individuals. What could explain the discrepancy in these experiments?
Which of the following statements relating to axis formation in chickens is FALSE? a. Henson's node secretes proteins that antagonize BMPs. b. The side of the epiblast facing the negative, basic albumin will become the ventral side of the embryo. c. Cells of the posterior marginal zone secrete Nodal to initiate the primitive streak. d. Water and sodium ions are transported from the albumin through the blastodisc cells and into the subgerminal space.
What conclusion can be drawn from embryological development? Insect and bird wings are similar in function but not in structure. Paleontologists have used fossils to trace the evolution of the modern camel. Many organisms have structures with no apparent function found during embryo development. The presence of gill slits and tails in early vertebrate embryos shows that they may share a common ancestor.
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Embryology | Fertilization, Cleavage, Blastulation; Author: Ninja Nerd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8-KF0rnhKTU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY