Physics Fundamentals
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780971313453
Author: Vincent P. Coletta
Publisher: PHYSICS CURRICULUM+INSTRUCT.INC.
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Chapter 7, Problem 69P
To determine
The speed of comet as it reaches the sun 1 astronomical units from the sun.
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(a) What is the escape speed on a spherical asteroid whose radius is 803 km and whose gravitational acceleration at the surface is 1.75 m/s2? (b) How far from the surface will a particle go if it leaves the asteroid's surface with a radial speed of 1330 m/s? (c) With what speed will an object hit the asteroid if it is dropped from 1811 km above the surface?
Assume a new planet discovered has a mass (1/81) that of Earth and a radius
(1/4) that of Earth. Estimate the escape speed for a spacecraft from the
surface of that planet. The escape speed from the surface of the Earth is 11.2
km/s.
(a) What is the escape speed on a spherical asteroid whose radius is 624 km and whose gravitational acceleration at the surface is
0.767 m/s?? (b) How far from the surface will a particle go if it leaves the asteroid's surface with a radial speed of 734 m/s? (c) With
what speed will an object hit the asteroid if it is dropped from 473.5 km above the surface?
(a) Number
i
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(b) Number
i
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(c) Number
i
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Physics Fundamentals
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- Find the escape speed of a projectile from the surface of Jupiter.arrow_forwardCheck Your Understanding The nearly circular orbit of Saturn has an average radius of about 9.5 AU and has a period of 30 years, whereas Uranus averages about 19 AU and has a period of 84 years. Is this consistent with our results for Halley’s comet?arrow_forwardShow that the areal velocity for a circular orbit of radius r about a mass M is At=12GMr . Does your expression give the correct value for Earth’s areal vilocity about the Sun?arrow_forward
- (a) What is the escape speed on a spherical asteroid whose radius is 106 km and whose gravitational acceleration at the surface is 0.104 m/s²? (b) How far from the surface will a particle go if it leaves the asteroid's surface with a radial speed of 107 m/s? (c) With what speed will an object hit the asteroid if it is dropped from 2168 km above the surface? (a) Number (b) Number i (c) Number i Textbook and Modia Units Units Unitsarrow_forwardAn object of mass m is launched from a planet of mass M and radius R. a)Derive and enter an expression for the minimum launch speed needed for the object to escape gravity, i.e. to be able to just reach r = ∞. b)Calculate this minimum launch speed (called the escape speed), in meters per second, for a planet of mass M = 6 × 1023 kg and R = 76 × 104 km.arrow_forward13-62 Comets move around the sun in very elliptical orbits. At its closest approach, in 1986 Comet Halley was 8.79 x 10' km from the sun and moving with a speed of 54.6 km/s. What was the comet's speed when it crossed Neptune's orbit in 2006? (Neptune: mean distance fromn the sun 4.50 x 102 m; Mass 1.03 x 1026 kg)arrow_forward
- A 0.903 km diameter asteroid will make a crater about 10 km in diameter. Let the asteroid have a density of 3000 kg/m3 and impact the surface at 22 km/sec. Assuming a spherical asteroid, what is the kinetic energy (in joule) of the asteroid? Convert the answer to megatons of TNT, where 1 megaton is about 4 × 1015 joule. For comparison, the most energetic weapon in the human arsenal is about 100 megatons.arrow_forwardAn asteroid closely passes the Earth at a range of 17200mi and a relative speed of 7.8km/s.The diameter is estimated at 30mwith a specific gravity of 3. If this asteroid had impacted Earth, how much energy would have been released? Express this quantity in units of mega-tons (M ton) where a megaton is the energy released by one million metric tons of TNT explosive. A metric ton is 1000kgand the explosive energy density of TNT is 4184J/g.Hint: If the asteroid hits the Earth, its relative velocity becomes zero. Ignore any change in asteroid velocity due to gravitational acceleration or air resistance.arrow_forwardAssume that an enough large asteroid (m = 30,000 kg) coming from the deep space (out of our galaxy so assume at infinity) with a velocity 15 km/s travels through our solar system. When it approaches the Earth, the scientists say that it would be attracted by the Earth and then would impact her. So we would like to research the impact of the asteroid if it hits to our planet. (The Earth radius: RE = 6.4x10° m, and the Earth mass: MĘ = 6.0x104 kg.) a) Write expressions for the initial mechanical energy of the asteroid and the final mechanical energy of the asteroid as it reaches the earth's surface. Do not plug in numbers for this first step. b) What would be the kinetic energy of the asteroid as it reaches the earth? c) What would be the speed of the asteroid as it reaches the earth? d) Now, assume that the asteroid makes a totally inelastic collision with the Earth, i.e., the asteroid embeds itself in the earth's surface. Find the final velocity of the earth, assuming it was at rest…arrow_forward
- If a particle is launched at the surface of a planet at an initial speed greater than the escape speed for the planet, what will be the resulting orbit?arrow_forwardAn object on a certain planet has an escape speed of V. If another planet has twice the radius and twice the mass of the first planet, the escape speed will be?arrow_forwardCalculate the escape velocity to an orbit of 243 km height from a planet with the radius of 2000 km and the density of 3400 kg⋅m-³. Give your answer in Sl units. Answer: m/s ◆arrow_forward
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