Concept explainers
To suggest: A hypothesis that would explainthe given observation.
Introduction: The plant is a multicellular organism in the kingdom Plantae. It uses photosynthesis to make its own food. Photosynthesis is a process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. The process of photosynthesis takes place in two sequential stages, which include light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions.
Explanation of Solution
Blackman measured photosynthesis rates under differing intensities of light, carbon dioxide, and temperatures. Blackman found that increasing light intensity above 2000 foot-candles does not lead to any further increase in the rate of photosynthesis.
The light energy is used to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH) that can then be used to reduce carbon dioxide. The chlorophyll molecules absorb the photons of light energy. Thus, increasing light intensity increase photosynthesis, but it will saturate when all chlorophyll molecules are in use.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
BIOLOGY
- In an experiment conduct to know the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in spinach leaves, with the use of 5 ml of a 0.2% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and a solution of dilute drop of liquid soap. in relation this experiment, state an hypothesis that predicts the relationship between light intensity and the rate of photosynthesis. Identify independent and dependent variables. What is your control group, and why is this an appropriate control?arrow_forwardIn 1770, Joseph Priestley performed a series of experiments to determine the reactants and products of photosynthesis. The diagram below shows the experimental conditions and results of two experiments performed by Priestley, named here as Experiment 1 and Experiment 2. From his experiments, Priestley concluded that plants restore to the air whatever breathing animals and candles remove. Joseph Priestly Photosynthesis Experiments and Results Experiment Results: - candle extinguished (went out) 1 - mouse died Experiment 2 Results: candle continued to burn mouse stayed alive Note: Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 were both performed in the presence of sunlight. The substance produced by the plant in Experiment 2, that keeps the candle burning and the mouse alive is O CO2 O 02 O H2O O C6H1206arrow_forwardIn the photosynthesis lab, a group of students found that in the blue light condition, there was a change in absorbance (ΔA620) of 0.324 in extracted spinach chloroplasts. The students later went on a hike and located a plant they had never seen before and were interested in how the photosynthesis rates would compare to their experiment with spinach chloroplasts. They extracted chloroplasts of the unknown green-leaved plant and exposed them to the same experimental conditions as before. The students calculated the ΔA620 to be 0.100. Which plant (spinach or unknown) has the highest rate of photosynthesis? Explain your answer using evidence, being sure to demonstrate your understanding of the dependent variable.arrow_forward
- The investigator suggested that insufficient amounts of carbon dioxide in the water may have been one of the factors that prevented further increases in the rate of photosynthesis at higher light intensities. Why would inadequate amounts of carbon dioxide affect the rate of photosynthesis? Select one or more: a. Carbon dioxide is needed for the production of sugars in the light reactions of photosynthesis b. Carbon dioxide is needed for the production of sugars in the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis c. Carbon dioxide is needed for the production of ATP in the Calvin Cycle d. Carbon dioxide is the source of oxygen in photosynthesis e. Carbon dioxide is needed for the production of ATP in the light reactions of photosynthesisarrow_forwardDiscuss and explain how Aristotle's "Four Causes" are demonstrated by the process of photosynthesis. Which of the following causes was drropped during the age of "modern scientists"? Explain why this was considered necessary.arrow_forwardPropose a hypothesis on how each of these variables affects the production of oxygen from a plant. 1. Increasing light intensity 2.Increasing CO2 levels 3.Increasing temperature 4.How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?arrow_forward
- Using the graph comparing photosynthetic rate and absorption of different wavelengths of light, what can be concluded? a) The photosynthesis rate at 550 nm is the highest b) Chlorophyll a absorbs wavelengths at both ends of the spectrum c) Chlorophyll b is associated with the greatest rate of photosynthesis. d) Carotenoids absorb the narrowest range of wavelengths of lightarrow_forwardConsider plants that live in a forest's top, middle, or ground layer, as well as algae that live near the ocean's surface or in deep water. Would you expect the same photosynthetic pigments to be present in these different environments in the same species? Why do you think that is the case? What method would you use to test your hypothesis?arrow_forwardGive a reason why photosystems are able to capture light energy.arrow_forward
- Note: Diagram 4 may also be helpful in answering the questions. Use the information in order to answer questions #28 -31. Diagram 7: Rate of Photosynthesis with increasing light intensity 200 150 100 50 -50- -100 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Light Intensity (arbitrary units) Glossary: 1. Pmax: The maximum pressure of oxygen gas. 2. Arbitrary units: The use of this term mean the graph is not using specific units as labels. Light intensity could be measured in lumens and oxygen production could have been measured in mm of Hg elect the best explanation for the oxgen production leveling off as the light increases in intensity. O More light reduces the activity of the chlorophyll by breaking the pigment down. More light prevents water from getting to the leaf cells to be split. OHigher light intensity has less blue and red wavelengths Photosystem l and Il in the light dependent reactions have a maximum limit on how many light photons they can capture w their chlorophyl pigments. Photons…arrow_forwardHow would an increase in the rate of cellular respiration influence the rate of net photosynthesis? (Answer should be based on the book of Smith & Smith, 'Elements of Ecology')arrow_forwardHow would you design an experiment to test the following hypothesis: " The optimal temperature for photosynthesis in spinach leaves is 20 degrees Celsius?"arrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College