Ribosome

The formation of new memories requires protein synthesis dependent changes in synaptic structure and plasticity in the hippocampus. Studies in humans and animals suggest that these memories are initially stored in hippocampus but later transferred to cortex for permanent storage. This phenomenon is described as systems consolidation of memories. While the specific role for new protein synthesis in hippocampus in early encoding of memories is established, whether protein synthesis in medial prefrontal

1. Centrioles, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, nucleus. Cell wall, chloroplasts. Lysosomes and centrioles. 2. Nucleus stores genetic info. Golgi apparatus sends from endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Vacuoles stores starch and water. Ribosomes turns genetic info from nucleus into protein. Cytoskeleton is the “skeleton” of the cell, it holds it up and in shape. 3. Paramecium. Doesn’t have a cell wall. 4. The structure is a fluid collage of lipids and proteins. Its function is to protect

Cells were divided into two, which are, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Examples of prokaryotic cells are Bacteria and Archae, while the examples of eukaryotic cells are Protists, Fungi, plants and animals. All cells share certain basic features, but the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is their DNA. Thus, these two cells have different features on DNA transcription and protein synthesis mechanisms. The general processes of transcription may be applied to both prokaryotic

(Cain et al, 2014, p172), such as different organisation within the cell. However because all cells are thought to have evolved from a Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) (Heaphy, S, 2015) similarities between these cells are also seen such as ribosomes, however further difference can be found within these similarities. Some of these key differences can be seen in the figures below. Figure 1: A typical prokaryotic cell. Left is a diagram of typical prokaryotic bacteria with subcellular structures

form of acne medication called Minocycline. The Drug Minocycline is one of many medications that falls under a broad category of anti-infectives known as Tetracycline’s. Tetracycline’s “inhibit protein synthesis at the level of the 30S bacterial ribosome” (Vallerand, 1185) or in

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy What is the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy? Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a sex-linked disease, which is inherited in a recessive fashion (National Human Genome Research Institute, 2013). Over thirty similar genetic disorders exist (Duchenne Foundation Australia, 2015). All types of muscular dystrophy are considered to be a rare disorder (Duchenne Foundation Australia, 2015). Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is most common in children and causes muscle weakness and wasting, which

To understand the transformation lab we did, you need some background information to help understand what we did. The DNA structure is formed in a double helix which means it has two strands and consists of nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains deoxyribose sugars that are bonded by phosphodiester which bond to a phosphate group and a nitrogen base. The nitrogen base matches up to the nitrogen base on the opposite strand of the double helix. There are two types of nitrogen bases that occur, purine

transpeptidation. Certain drugs that are engaged in protein synthesis, differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes. (Streptomycin, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, and Fusidic) Their therapeutic index is fairly high, but not as favorable as that of cell wall synthesis inhibitors. Streptomycin Binds with the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis and causes misreading of mRNA. Chloramphenicol binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit

A critical analysis of the Theory of Endosymbiosis and it’s supporting evidence Abstract Introduction The endosymbiotic theory is an evolutionary theory explaining the origin of Eukaryotic cells from Prokaryotic, and is at present; the most widely accepted evolutionary theory of the Eukaryotic cell. The theory explains the origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts and their double membranes, suggesting that chloroplasts and mitochondria represent formerly free-living bacteria that were taken into

Antibiotics or antimicrobial agents are known to be one of the most important drug discoveries ever made. It has transformed the expanding field of medicine in various ways. Be it as curative efforts for diseases, empirical treatments for clinically diagnosed ailments or preoperative medications, they have known to be miraculous drugs. Exceptional scientific histories of the development of these medications are valuable in showing us the variety of its actions on the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis