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Fayol 's Five Processes Of Management

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Management functions have traditionally been defined in terms of planning, organising, commanding, coordinating and controlling. Since the publication of The Nature of Managerial Work (1973), academics have questioned the validity of the classical model, compared with Mintzberg’s ten managerial roles. Fayol’s five processes of management functions are essential for studying constituent elements of management, while Mintzberg’s model further details the complex, multidimensional nature of management. In essence, despite their differences, both approaches should be integrated to foster the most useful understanding of management.

Miner (1971) states that most management textbooks are organised into major segments according to Fayol’s five …show more content…

He notes that managers are confronted daily by different people and situations, each requiring a different role and combination of management skills (Gentry, Harris, Baker & Leslie, 2008). Thus he concludes that managers do not perform only five management functions. Rather, they are required to enact multiple roles.

Mintzberg formulated three categories of managerial activities, “Interpersonal”, “Informational” and “Decision Making”, separated into ten roles that managers must adopt to achieve high levels of efficiency. These roles are: figurehead, leader, liaison, monitor, disseminator, spokesperson, entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator and negotiator. All roles are interrelated and managers are required to act out different roles in different situations. As opposed to Fayol’s classical approach where functions are task orientated, this behavioural approach focuses on the interaction and communication between managers, employees and resources.

Although Fayol’s management processes were dismissed by Mintzberg, Mintzberg’s model in fact confirms the classical perspective. As outlined in Management Decision (2004), the two models are “complementary understandings of management and managerial behaviour” (Lamond, 2004). Thus Mintzberg’s managerial roles complement Fayol’s processes, elaborating the theories to describe the

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