Hypothermia Research Paper

Mild hypothermia is generally considered gentle and safe[8] although a minor subset of patients may experience side effects such as infections, coagulation and electrolyte disturbances and potentially life-threatening arrhythmias during post-cardiac arrest care[5].

Sometimes when your body temperature drops below 37 hypothermia can occur, which is most commonly due to cold weather. When your body temperature rises above 37 it could be due to the environment which is called hyperthermia. If your temperature rises above the normal body temperature and which is not due to the environment it could be caused by an internal infection or fever, this is called pyrexia.

Hypothermia: marked cooling of core temperature that is below the required normal for normal metabolism and body functions. This is generally considered to be 95.0’F. Produces depression of the central nervous and respiratory systems, vasoconstriction, alterations in microcirculation and coagulation, and ischemic tissue damage.

Purpose: The purpose of this speech is to educate and inform my audience of the risks inherent from unintended hypothermia. I’m eager to alert perioperative staff of the potential dangers as well as the preventative measures that can be taken in order to avoid complications associated with unintended hypothermia. My central idea is hypothermia management saves lives.

hypertension. Therapeutic hypothermia (THT) has been considered an effective method for reducing ischemic injury of the brain due to cardiac arrest. But there are some opponents in the medical community who believe that broadening the scope of THT could be dangerous to patients. Although opponents do not seem to blame THT for adverse patient outcomes; the disagreement seems to be about the variables involved before hospital arrival, amount of time that it takes to administer THT in the ER, which therapies should be administered with THT and the need for more research that tracks adverse events. A study published by The American Journal of Emergency Medicine supports the widely held view that THT is an effective treatment for cardiac arrest

The nursing topic that I am going to base my final paper on is the use of hypothermia therapy following the successful resuscitation of adult patients. I want to further understand the positive or the negative outcomes for patients after we have using the hypothermia therapy protocol. hypothermia _1_.pdf This is one of the research studies that I plan on using in the research for my finial paper. The PICO question that I will be trying to answer in my research paper will be " In the resuscitated adult patient does the use of hypothermia therapy have a reduced mortality rate for adult patients after they have been discharged from the hospital?" By using the definition of PICOT from our book, the P in my research is resuscitated adult patients,

A low body temperature is called hypothermia.When being wet and cold the body loses heat about 25 times faster in water than in air. “People can even develop hypothermia at temperatures above freezing if it's raining”(Can a person freeze to death?).Normal core body temperature is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit, and mild hypothermia sets in at about 95 degrees F.At 91 degrees F, you can experience amnesia,and at 82 degrees you can lose

Hypothermia is a common problem in surgical patients. Up to 70% of patients experience some degree of hypothermia that is undergoing anesthetic surgery. Complications include but are not limited to wound infections, myocardial ischemia, and greater oxygen demands. The formal definition of hypothermia is when the patient’s core body temperature drops below 36 degrees Celsius or 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. Thus, the purpose of the paper is to synthesize what studies reveal about the current state of knowledge on the effects of pre-operative warming of patient’s postoperative temperatures. I will discuss consistencies and contradictions in the literature, and offer possible explanations for the inconsistencies.

Drinking a large amount of water in a short period of time can be dangerous; it can cause a level of salt, or sodium in your blood to drop too low. This is called “Hyponatremia,” This is a very serious condition that can be fatal. Some symptoms of Hyponatremia are nausea and vomiting, muscle weakness, spasms or cramps, seizures, and loss of energy and fatigue. For serious symptomatic hyponatremia, the first line of treatment is prompt intravenous infusion of hypertonic saline. Untreated overhydration can lead to dangerously low levels of sodium in your blood. This can cause more severe symptoms, such as muscle weakness, cramps, seizures and coma. You would have to drink an enormous amount of water for this condition to happen. But

Hypothermia is caused when a person is exposed to low environmental temperatures that may be sufficient enough to lower ones body heat. Hypothermia becomes a series condition when you’re body temperature gets below 95 Fahrenheit when the body reaches 90 degrees Fahrenheit the normal shivering reaction ceases, at this point a person condition will warrant immediate emergency treatment. Some other side effects of hypothermia is mental confusion, and can cause the heart to stop if blood flows back to the heart to fast. Hypothermia really affects the old and the very young. (Hypothermia 2014)

233). These experiments and others eventually led to the use of therapeutic hypothermia in humans undergoing certain cardiac surgery in which an extended ischemic period was expected although the degree of the therapeutic hypothermia, which ranged from 30-32 ºC, was associated with an increased risk of complications. As a result, the use of therapeutic hypothermia was relatively limited until it was discovered that by inducing a milder hypothermia (32-34 ºC) the number of complications associated with this protective treatment were greatly reduced. The publication of two landmark studies led to the widespread acceptance of mild therapeutic hypothermia as a protective measure for individuals who have experienced and out-of-hospital cardiac

Basically, the treatment of therapeutic hypothermia can be separated into three parts: induction, maintenance and rewarming (Walters et al., 2011). The process of hypothermia induction if often questioned. Is there an optimal time to begin mild therapeutic hypothermia that brings the most benefit? The data from the past experiments suggest that mild therapeutic hypothermia should be commenced within a short time from clinical comprehensive evaluation that suggests patient’s eligibility for this type of a treatment. Various animal studies suggest that early cooling becomes superior to delayed cooling because of its benefits on general outcome after suffering cardiac arrest (Janata & Holzer, 2009). According to Wolff et al. (2009), successful and early achievement of mild therapeutic hypothermia is one of the main elements contributing to the final neurological outcome. Therefore, the need for implementing new measures appears to be more than natural. In this experiment, there were forty-nine consecutive patients that were treated with mild hypothermia after suffering cardiac arrest. A closed-loop endovascular system proved to be the most suitable choice for achievement of rapid body cooling while allowing more precise control of mild therapeutic hypothermia. While the researcher team examined the correlation between the different time intervals of hypothermia achievement, it also closely monitored levels of neurone specific enolase,

Hyponatremia is a result of an overabundance amount of water compared to an insufficient quantity of sodium in the body which can activate headaches, nausea, vomiting and seizures. Sodium is a crucial aspect in regulating blood pressure along with controlling the proper muscle and nerve movement. Sodium maintains the transportation of fluids throughout the body in order to make sure the cells do not shrink or swell up. Hyponatremia can be caused by certain medications, liver and kidney failure, drinking too much water or dehydration. It is important not to have your body enter into a hyponatremic state since this can be fatal without immediate medical attention. Severe hyponatremia causes neurological symptoms such as brain damage, coma, or

Brain injury is normally thought of in terms of primary and secondary insults. First published in the 1970’s this remains a useful concept as it differentiates between the unavoidable irreversible primary injury and the potentially avoidable secondary one (Adams 1977). Primary brain injury occurs immediately at the time of injury, whereas secondary injury is a cascade of events that contributes to intracranial hypertension resulting in a reduction in cerebral perfusion pressure and ischaemia (Marmarou 1991). The cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is determined by the Monro-Kellie hypothesis. In closed head injuries, the skull has a fixed volume and the pressure within it is determined by the equilibrium between the CPP, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the intracranial pressure (ICP) using the equation:

The American Heart Association (AHA) updated the 2005 cardiopulmonary resuscitation clinical practice guidelines after the New England Journal of Medicine published two landmark studies in 2002. The HACA and the Bernard, et al. study found significant improvement in neurological outcomes with therapeutic hypothermia. Additionally, the Bernard, et al. study also revealed reduced mortality after cardiac-arrest survivors received therapeutic hypothermia (2002). In 2010, the AHA strengthened its position based on the growing body of research. Therapeutic hypothermia was the only intervention shown to improve neurological outcomes (Peberdy, et al., 2010). The most updated guidelines, set by the AHA in 2015, recommended that all comatose,