1. Mamluks were formally a group of peasants and slaves that used armed might to achieve power but defeated by Muhammad Ali. They are significant for the backlash their system of rule gave farmers and average citizens. It was especially ironic because they came from a place of no value, as they once were slaves.
2. The industrial Revolution was a time period from the 18th to 19th century when technology bolstered from handwork to operations being done with heavy machinery. It was a great time for economic, communal, and political innovation. The industrial revolution was significant because the surge in technological advances created a demand for raw materials and from Africa. The revenue from both parties did help improve African markets.
3. Hausaland was a territory in northern Nigeria. During the 20th century they encountered the influx of colonial powers, especially the
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Ahmadu was the ruler of the Masina Empire from 1818 to 1845. He was motivated by the teachings of Usuman dan Fodio and is significant for converting many Africans to the Islamic belief. The peace he made in Masina also adds to his significance.
5. Saifawa dynasty is a dynasty filled with a long list of rulers. It is significant for its longevity through multiple changes in power. The dynasty was first created with Hummay in 1068 and ended in 1837.
6. Sufism is special religion that permits followers to understand and even experience paranormal powers. Sufism is significant because it combined the practices of Christianity and Islamic beliefs so a vast number of people could take part. This religion stressed an importance between believers and Islamic saints.
7. Jihadiyya were slave soldiers that Muhammad Ali used to execute gold searches and invasions. They were also involved in the Mahdist revolution. Their significance was their ability to deliver support to North African countries when they wanted to gain control over the mass resource and power around societies that used the Nile
Pre-Islamic Arabia was a culture knit together by kinship. In this society there was no emperor or ruling elite. The people of pre-Islamic Arabia were bound together by nomadic tribes who made profit by trading and most importantly “raiding”. These raids were often described as small-scale warfare and were instrumented by tribal leaders in order to increase the wealth and power of the tribe (Gordon 5). This was the society in which Islam came to power. Warfare and raiding were essential in order to be successful in pre-Islamic Arabia. The integration of warfare into the Islamic religion created a similarity among Muslims, those who follow Islam, and non-Islamic Arabian people. This relationship and common interest established by the prophet Muhammad helped in the rise of Islam among non-Islamic
A change that occurred in the political life of Islamic civilization was the shift from the election of a Caliphate to a more dynastical system. Previously, the caliphates were elected by the Islamic community. Capable leaders were preferred over heirs who were not as qualified. Sunni Muslims were firm believers of this concept, while Shia muslims believed that Ali should’ve
The Industrial Revolution was the development of industry that occurred in Britain and Europe or the USA between the years 1750 to 1900. It introduced the development of machinery. It was characterised by the use of steam power, growth of factories, and mass production of manufactured goods. The steam train used to transport people or goods over long distances on land.
In the late 19th and early 20th century, Europeans had raced to colonize the country Africa. Great Britain was the leaders at this time in colonizing the land filled with rich natural recourses. These recourses were considered a necessity to the industrialization of the world, specifically Nigeria. During this colonization that Great Britain was doing in their new land, you could imagine that the locals were not too happy about this. The British had no respect for the culture or Nigerian traditions. The longer they stayed the more that they adopted for each other's cultures. However even with the cultural exchanges between the two countries, there was much conflict for the people of a dark colored skin
Al-Mamun’s successor and son was a man called Al Mu’tasim. His reign was particularly important in the gradual decline of the Abbasids. Although he was not the first to use the infamous ‘slave soldiers’, they had been used from 814 onwards, he expanded their usage massively. The slave soldiers were mostly Turks from areas like modern Turkmenistan. These were hard nomadic peoples from the grass planes of the Steppe who were brutal worriers and provided the Caliph with military security for a price. These Turk soldiers were to play a crucial part in the decline of the Caliphate as their influence and power grew over their masters. The Turks soon formed the palace guard of the Caliph, taking on a similar to the Praetorian Guard of the Roman Empire. As their presence increased they became increasingly unpopular in Baghdad. This unpopularity and the Caliphs increasing dependence on his mercenaries lead to Mu’tasim relocating the capital from Baghdad to Samarra in 835. This only diminished the power of the Caliphate in
The split off of Islam that believes that power should be passed down by family members, and was the less taken form, opposed to
The Industrial Revolution was a period where many major technological advances, such as the steam engine, were made. It began in Britain some time after 1750. The technological advances allowed for much higher rates of production, but had several other effects as well. The Industrial Revolution altered the political situation, social structure, and economic standing of Great Britain. Drastic change in technology during the Industrial Revolution led to several political changes.
The Industrial Revolution was a period of rapid growth in U.S. manufacturing in the 1800’s. It helped America trade, sell things, and it helped the economy.
In the 1800’s Imperialism, an action by a strong nation to take control of another country, became prominent in Europe towards Africa. The driving forces of Imperialism in Africa were competition for land, economics, and the need for power. The “Partition of Africa, 1884-85” map demonstrates the competition related to the colonization of European colonies in Africa. There were a total of 7 European countries that imperialized Africa, but the main countries were France and Britain. The only non-colonized countries were Ethiopia and Liberia; this was because they had an established strong government.
The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the world. The Industrial Revolution began in the United Kingdom as large deposits of coal and iron were found throughout the land which brought the rise of factories and machines, the idea then subsequently spread throughout the world. It was perhaps one of the greatest moments in human history, as it gave rise to industrialization and the switch from manpower to machine power. It completely revolutionized the world and forever changed the course of humanity. However, many scholars and historians believe that the Industrial
Both South Africa and Nigeria were both colonized in the 19th century . Although both places were separate, and their colonizations occurred at different speeds and at slightly different times the colonizations of South Africa and Nigeria share many similarities, such as what country colonized them, and how willing the African places were to accept the new leadership . In South Africa, the British started by trying to take over the Zulu in the year 1816. Because they were more powerful, and had more advanced weapons, the British were very successful in their conquests.
Not all people could be absorbed by the new capitalist industries and way to resolve these problems in Europe was to acquire colonies and export this "surplus population" from Europe to Africa by establishing settler-colonies. (Iweriebor). The European imperialist designs and pressures of the late nineteenth century provoked African political and diplomatic responses and eventually military resistance. (Iweriebor).
The motivating force of Islam, and thus the ideas first established by Muhammad, played a crucial role in the conquests. The new aim shared by many Muslims, to convert the entire world to Islam, was the most important reason for the initial Arab conquests. This led to an enthusiastic and motivated army, which facilitated its success. Muhammad continued to inspire Arabs to work together and fight successfully long after his death. Rather than reckless
caliphs and it is acknowledge to be an influential period in Islamic history. The founder of
The Industrial Revolution was a period from 1750 to 1850 where agriculture, manufacturing, transportation, and technology went through a period of significant change. These changes had a profound impact on the social and cultural conditions of the time, beginning in the Untied Kingdom and spreading throughout Western Europe, North America, and