Define the term screening in the context of epidemiology and Discuss the five characteristics of a good screening test. Outline the process of screening for a disease of your choice.
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Define the term screening in the context of epidemiology and Discuss the five characteristics of a good screening test. Outline the process of screening for a disease of your choice.
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- What does the acronym TPA stand for and how is TPA used in diagnostic medicine? Explain briefly.Briefly discuss the following topics and include appropriate examples for each:1.1. Information bias1.2. Use of genetic markers to determine risk of disease 1.3. Non-compliant study subjects 1.4. Calculating proportionate mortality 1.5. Phase III clinical trialsDiscuss methods that can be used to diagnose and treat certain microbial diseases in serology.
- What are some challenges that you foresee when implementing Precision Medicine (which includes Pharmacogenomics and Immunogenomics as well as Risk Screenings for certain cancers)? This can include ethical, financial, social, legal, etc. challenges. Please provide some examples when discussing your identified challenges. How might you tackle these challenges you comment on above? How might your solutions influence/impact the patient when utilizing Precision Medicine?Match the following study types to their definition below: case control study, randomized controlled trial, registry, Inv estigational Device Exemptions (IDE) Prospectively comparing the outcomes of patients randomly assigned to be treated with a new device or procedure relative to a control group that may receive no treatment or standard treatment A. Case control study Monitoring outcomes through a collection of cases performed in a real world, which may be accumulated either prospectively or retrospectively after a number of cases have been performed B. Registry - ~ Retrospectively comparing the outcomes of a group of patients treated with a new device or procedure to a matched group receiving no treatment or a standard treatment C. Investigational Device Exemptions (IDE) - ~ Allows a device to be used in a clinical study in order to collect safety and effectiveness data. D. Randomized controlled trialDescribe the following terms and give one example of the precautionary measure: medical aseptic technique surgical aseptic technique
- There are multiple epidemiologic study designs. Study designs can be categorized as an experimental or observational design. What is the primary difference between the two? (Choose the one best answer) 1. In an experimental design, the outcome/disease is assigned 2. In an observational design, the outcome/disease is assigned 3. In an experimental design, the exposure/treatment is assigned 4. In an observational design, the exposure/treatment is assigned 5. They are both epidemiologic study designs without a distinct differenceConsider the following scenarios: Scenario: Doctors of a XYZ hospital are recommending unnecessary medical tests to the patients which are costly and irrelevant in the diagnosis.a) How are violations of professional ethics committed? b) What should have been the alternative course of actionAnatomic pathology focuses on the areas of clinical chemistry, immunohematology and blood banking, medical microbiology, immunology and serology, hematology, parasitology, clinical microscopy, toxicology, therapeutic drug monitoring, endocrinology, among others. It is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases performed through laboratory testing of blood and other body fluids A. True B. False