Explain the difference of carbohydrate (glycolysis) from lipid (β-oxidation) metabolism in terms of producing an acetyl-coA that will enter the Kreb cycle?
Q: The CO2 produced in one round of the citric acid cycle does not originate in the acetyl carbons that…
A: Cellular Respiration is the oxidative process through which energy is obtained from the food. The…
Q: How many molecules of acetyl-CoA are produced by catabolism of the following fatty acids, and how…
A: Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in…
Q: A deficiency in which of the following B vitamins would NOT directly impact the ability of cells to…
A: Deficiencies in all of the above would directly impact the ability of cells to convert pyruvate into…
Q: Which of the following citric acid cycle enzymes catalyzes substrate-level phosphorylation
A: The citric acid cycle is also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle or the Krebs cycle. It is a…
Q: Which of the following is a key molecule that functions as oxidation end product in the catabolism,…
A: Fatty acids undergo a catabolic process known as a beta-oxidation pathway in order t generate energy…
Q: How many molecules of NADH and FADH2 are obtained from the b-oxidation of one molecule of a…
A: Beta oxidation is the oxidation of fatty acid at beta carbon. It involves three stages: Activation…
Q: Pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA by the enzymes of the _____________ enzyme complex.
A: Pyruvate is produced in the cytoplasm by glycolysis.
Q: Why is the regulation of phosphofructokinase by energy charge not as important in the liver as it is…
A: A biological cell is a hub of biochemical and metabolic activities. Enzymatic reactions occur in…
Q: How many ATP can be produced by the complete oxidation of each propionyl-CoA product of fatty acid…
A: Complete oxidation of fatty acyl CoA takes place during Krebs cycle which produced reduced…
Q: Give the number of the following: a. number of acetyl-CoA that enters the TCA cycle for every 5…
A: Asked : Number of the given molecules
Q: The first enzyme in the Krebs cycle is the A.citrate synthase B.pyruvate dehydrogenase C. α-…
A: Kreb's cycle is also called as citric acid cycle or TCA (Tricarboxylic acid cycle). It is a common…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about the conversion of acetyl-CoA (2 C) to malonyl- COA (3 C)?…
A: Acetyl CoA (2C) conversion to Malonyl CoA (3C) is the first step of fatty acid synthesis.
Q: Does the acetyl-CoA required for ketone body synthesis transport through the inner mitochondrial…
A: Ketone bodies acetone, acetoacetate and beta hydroxybutyrate are produced from two (or 3) molecules…
Q: How many rounds of the TCA cycle are required to expel the indicated carbon atom in the incoming…
A: TCA cycle is the final common oxidative pathways for carbs, fats and amino acids. Acetyl CoA is the…
Q: Fourteen NADPH molecules are required to produce one molecules of palmitic acid from acetyl CoA.…
A: Introduction Fatty acid synthesis is the process by which fatty acids are produced from acetyl-CoA…
Q: Which of the following statements are TRUE? Multiple answers are accepted for this question a .Two…
A: Two answers are correct
Q: The number of CO2 molecules liberated for each molecule of acetyl-CoA during oxidative…
A: The tricarboxylic acid cycle also called a citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle is the second stage of…
Q: Which citric acid cycle intermediate can move from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm to become the…
A: TCA cycle is the final common oxidative pathway for fats, carbohydrates and amino acids. Various…
Q: Which of the following is an inhibitor of gluconeogenesis? Group of answer choices: -ATP -ADP…
A: Gluconeogenesis is the process of Synthesis of glucose from lactose, pyruvate, glucogenic aminoacids…
Q: Describe the movement of energy during acetyl–CoA formationand the citric acid cycle.
A: It takes acetyl CoA start text, C, o, A, end text—produced by the oxidation of pyruvate and…
Q: What are the direct products of b oxidation of a fully saturated, straight-chain acyl-CoA of 13…
A: In this case of odd numbered acyl-CoA chains, beta oxidation ensues in the same way except for the…
Q: The sources of the three (3) carbons in malonyl-Coa is/are: a. 1 C from C02 and 2 C from acetyl-CoA…
A: Malonyl-CoA is one of the major molecules and are involved in fatty acid biosynthesis .
Q: If the carbonyl carbon of acetyl-CoA were marked with 14C, where would that carbon be located within…
A: Metabolism includes biosynthesis/ reduction (an anabolic process) and oxidation (catabolic…
Q: oduced during the reactions of acetyl-CoA formation? Acetyl CoA
A: Acetyl-CoA can be defined as the acetyl-coenzyme A is the molecule that involves in many biochemical…
Q: In the mitochondrion is a short-chain carnitineacyltransferase that can take acetyl groups from…
A: In the intermembrane space of mitochondria, the acyl group is transferred to carnitine by…
Q: What enzyme is the point of regulation for fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplasm? Fatty acid…
A: Fatty acids are important micromolecules which combine together to form lipids in plants, animals…
Q: Which of the following steps DOES NOT require ATP? A. The preparatory phase of glycolysis В.…
A: ATP or Adenosine triphosphate is the basic energy currency of the cell which is the end product of…
Q: When one acetyl CoA is processed through the citric acid cycle, how many times does each of the…
A: In aerobic condition, pyruvate in the presence of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex produces Acetyl…
Q: How many cycles of "citric acid cycle" are necessary to reveal the "C" that come from acetyl-CoA…
A: The citric acid (TCA) is the acetyl CoA is converted into oxalo (OAA) acetate and during which high…
Q: fatty acid breakdown generates a large amount of acetyl CoA. What will be the effect of fatty acid…
A: The oxidation of fatty acids and glucose provides a huge amount of ATP. The amount of energy…
Q: The acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is derived from the breakdown of lipids, carbohydrates, and certain…
A: Acetyl Co A is a two carbon intermediate produced by the reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.…
Q: Name one reaction of glycolysis, one anaplerotic reaction, and one reaction of TCA cycle that…
A: Allosteric regulation is the process of controlling an enzyme, either by activating or inhibiting…
Q: To begin the TCA cycle, pyruvate must be converted into acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) by the enzyme…
A: The TCA cycle is at the center of cellular metabolism, playing a starring role in both the process…
Q: Consider the reactions of ketogenesis. (a) What role does acetyl-CoA play?(b) How many acetyl-CoA…
A: Ketogenesis is the biochemical process through which organisms produce ketone bodies through…
Q: Explain why it makes metabolic sense for acetyl-CoA, which is not a substrate for gluconeogenesis,…
A: Acetyl-CoA : It is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein,…
Q: Mammals cannot undergo net synthesis of carbohydrate from acetyl-CoA, but the carbons of acetyl-CoA…
A: Glucose is catabolized to generate ATP by respiration. The carbon chain in glucose is oxidized and…
Q: Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement…
A: Malonyl-CoA is a focal metabolite in fatty acid bio-chemistry. It is the rate-deciding intermediate…
Q: Although glucose cannot be formed from acetyl-CoA, triglycerides can enter the glycolytic pathway…
A: Introduction Fats (or triglycerides) are ingested as food or synthesised by adipocytes or…
Q: In the pyruvae dehydrogensae complex, acetyl-coa is released by the dihydrolipoyl transacetylase…
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA by oxidative decarboxylation.…
Q: rounds of beta axidation are required to produce complete oxidation of this fatty acid: CH3(CH2)7CH…
A: Beta oxidation is a fatty acid (FA) oxidation process which occurs in the mitochondria. Fatty acids…
Q: Why are compounds such as glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate, pyruvate, and acetyl-CoA so important in…
A: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is an intermediate during glycolysis. Pyruvate is the end product of…
Q: How much ATP and NADPH are needed if 9 acetyl-CoA produced are combined into a single saturated…
A: Fatty acid synthesis is the process of formation of fatty acids from Acetyl-CoA and NADPH through…
Q: Does Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex have coenzymes and Allosteric regulation?
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a three-enzyme complex that decarboxylates pyruvate into…
Q: The same reactions that were seen in the process of converting pyruvate to acetyl-S-CoA, occur in…
A: Cellular respiration is a series of metabolic reactions and processes carried out in the cells of…
Q: By beta-oxidation, fat is converted to acetyl CoA, then acetyl COA enters
A: The beta oxidation of fatty acid involves the oxidation of fatty acids to produce energy. The three…
Explain the difference of carbohydrate (glycolysis) from lipid (β-oxidation)
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- How many acetyl CoA molecules can be produced during the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?To begin the TCA cycle, pyruvate must be converted into acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) by the enzyme complex of pyruvate dehydrogenase. This complex requires 5 different coenzymes to function properly. What are they?In the pyruvae dehydrogensae complex, acetyl-coa is released by the dihydrolipoyl transacetylase activity. What is the purpose of the following enzymatic activity.
- A fatty acid (a long straight-chain carboxylic acid with an even number of carbons) is metabolized to acetyl- CoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle to be further metabolized (Section 24.9). A fatty acid with anodd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. Propionyl-CoA cannot enter the citric acid cycle. Two coenzyme-requiring enzymes are needed to convert it to succinyl-CoA, acompound that can enter the citric acid cycle. Write the two enzyme-catalyzed reactions and include the names of the required coenzymes.A fatty acid (a long straight-chain carboxylic acid with an even number of carbons) is metabolized to acetylCoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle to be further metabolized. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. Propionyl-CoA cannot enter the citric acid cycle. Two coenzyme-requiring enzymes are needed to convert it to succinyl-CoA, a compound that can enter the citric acid cycle. Write the two enzyme-catalyzed reactions and include the names of the required coenzymes.Although glucose cannot be formed from acetyl-CoA, triglycerides can enter the glycolytic pathway via which process? O Acetyl-CoA → oxaloacetate → phosphoenolpyruvate O Palmitoyl-CoAB- ketoacyl-CoA → a-ketoglutarate O Glycerol → DHAP Acyl-CoA glucose
- How similar of an effect would a mutation in pyruvate dehydrogenase have, compared to a mutation in pyruvate carboxylase that blocks its ability to be regulated by acetyl-CoA?Explain why the carbon skeletons of ketogenic amino acids yielding acetyl-CoA only cannot be converted into glucose.In the mitochondrion is a short-chain carnitineacyltransferase that can take acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA and transfer them to carnitine. How might this be related to lipid biosynthesis?
- Identify the Krebs cycle enzyme that consumes a 3-carbon substrate molecule, producing a 2- carbon product molecule (attached to acetyl-CoA), along with NADH, and one molecule of CO2. succinyl CoA synthetase a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase pyruvate dehydrogenase isocitrate dehydrogenase malate dehydrogenaseMost fatty acids have an even number of carbons and, therefore, are completely metabolized to acetyl-CoA. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbonsis metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. The following two reactions convert propionyl-CoA into succinyl-CoA, a citric acidcycle intermediate, so it can be further metabolized. Each of the reactions requires a coenzyme. Identify the coenzyme for each step. From what vitaminsare the coenzymes derived? (Hint: see Chapter 23.) COO− COO−CH2CH2methylmalonyl-CoA succinyl-CoA CH3CH2 SCoAHow does oxaloacetate get to the cytoplasm (from mitochondria matrix) for gluconeogenesis? oxaloacetate is converted to malate and malate is transported to cytoplasm via transporter protein. oxaloacetate gets to cytoplasm by diffusion. oxaloacetate is converted to Acetyl-CoA and Acetyl-CoA is transported to cytoplasm via transporter protein.