Which of the following pairs does not lead to the reduction of ubiquinone? O NADH and Complex I O Glycerol 3-phosphate and glycerol 3-phosphate dehdyrogenase (mitochondrial) O Succinate and Complex II O Fatty acyl-CoA and Fatty acyl-COA dehydrogenase
Q: The CO2 produced in one round of the citric acid cycle does not originate in the acetyl carbons that…
A: Cellular Respiration is the oxidative process through which energy is obtained from the food. The…
Q: Which of the following enzyme catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate? O a) Pyruvate…
A: Proper anaerobic conditions allow lactate to be produced from pyruvate. In the aerobic conditions,…
Q: Which of the following should inhibit the PDC by feedback inhibition? Choose all that apply.
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex abbreviated as PDC is a multi-enzyme complex, complex of three…
Q: Which of the following a. phosphopentose isomerase b. acetyl CoA carboxylase c. isocitrate…
A: glycolysis : phosphofructokinase Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase : pentose phosphate…
Q: The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is catalyzed by enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase. In this…
A: Pyruvate to Acetyl coA conversation is a bridge between Glycolysis an Crebs cycle. Acetyl coA reacts…
Q: What does the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex do? Choose one: It produces pyruvate in the cytosol. It…
A: PDH complex connects the citric acid cycle and subsequent oxidative phosphorylation to the…
Q: The citric acid cycle is a critical sequence of reactions for energy production, which take place in…
A: Citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle or TCA cycle is the second major process that occurs after the…
Q: How many ATP molecules result from the processing of 10 acetyl CoA molecule through the common…
A: Glucose is metabolized through the glycolytic pathway, whose end product is the three carbon…
Q: Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA a. Through oxidative carboxylation process in the cytoplasm b.…
A: Aerobic respiration refers to the process in which glucose is converted to produce chemical energy…
Q: Which of the following does not correctly describe the isozymes of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in…
A: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of lactate to pyruvate along…
Q: Pyruvate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that converts pyruvate to acetyl- COA. Acetyl- CoA is further…
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase -- Pyruvate dehydrogenase is very important enzyme in respiratory process…
Q: In the TCA cycle, which of the following combines with Acetyl CoA to form a 6 carbon compound?…
A: The human body needs energy in the form of ATP to fuel the cells for regular functioning. ATP is…
Q: Assuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of three molecules…
A: The greater part of the free energy delivered during the oxidation of glucose to CO2 is held in the…
Q: Which of these statements concerning the following citric acid cycle reaction is true? Malate + NAD*…
A: Introduction: TCA cycle is a cyclic process. As many elements enters and leave the cycle, it should…
Q: The beta-oxidation pathway consumes fatty acyl-CoAs, generating oxidized cofactors and CoA O…
A: Beta oxidation of fatty acid is the process of breakdown of long-chain fatty acid into acetyl CoA…
Q: Which of the following reactions DOES NOT take place during the citric acid cycle? The energy…
A: The reaction of hydrolysis of fumarate to make malate takes place in the citric acid cycle.
Q: Which of the following statements is TRUE about cholesterol biosynthesis? O NADH is needed to form…
A: Introduction: Cholesterol is a fatty substance (lipid) that is essential to a healthy life and it…
Q: Which of the following is NOT TRUE about cholesterol biosynthesis? O HMG-COA reductase catalyzes the…
A: Biosynthesis of cholesterol generally takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatic cells and…
Q: Give the number of the following: a. number of acetyl-CoA that enters the TCA cycle for every 5…
A: Asked : Number of the given molecules
Q: The first reaction in the citric acid cycle is binding OA) carbon dioxide to a four-carbon (C4)…
A: Introduction The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or the TCA cycle, is a set of…
Q: Which one of the following pairs of compounds are joined together to conserve carbon in the…
A: Bacteria and plants subsist on acetate yielding acetyl CoA. They use a metabolic pathway absent in…
Q: The citric acid cycle converts each acetyl-CoA to [1/2/3/4] molecules of CO2. This pathway is…
A: Citric acid cycle takes place after glycolysis in the process of respiration. Glycolysis results in…
Q: Which of the following reactions/ pathways does NOT produce NADH? Payoff phase of glycolysis…
A: Anabolism is the process in which two small molecules will form a large molecule and in catabolism,…
Q: The coenzymes required for the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex are a. biotin,…
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase was a multifunctional enzyme that was located in mitochondria and catalysis…
Q: If (1-1C)-glucose is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and CO2 via glycolysis and the pyruvate dehydrogenase…
A: Glucose is metabolized into the pyruvate and through the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex and…
Q: For each fatty acid given, determine the following. Gross ATP from b-oxidation cycles Gross ATP…
A: Since you have posted a question with multiple subparts, we will solve the first three sub-parts for…
Q: Which of the following statements are TRUE? Multiple answers:Multiple answers are accepted for…
A: The TCA cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle is the second stage of cellular respiration. This is a…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction? a. It links…
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase is the enzyme that catalyses the important reaction that involves the…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about the conversion of pyruvate (with 3 C) and CO₂ to…
A: In gluconeogenesis, glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate sources e.g., amino acids,…
Q: When glycolytic flux exceeds the mitochondrial flux, the majority of pyruvate is converted to…
A: During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is broken down and transformed into two molecules of…
Q: Assuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of five molecules…
A: The Glycolysis and TCA cycle yields NADH and FADH2 molecules. They are used in ATP synthesis by…
Q: Which of the following is NOT a fate of pyruvate in metabolism? . Conversion to alanine as its…
A: Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis that occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. Pyruvate…
Q: Which of the following molecules stimulates the activity of the pyruvate carboxylase enzyme? О АТР O…
A: Biochemical reactions are reactions in which a molecule is converted to another molecule within the…
Q: How many ATP molecules can be generated from one mol of 14CH3-COOH? (The conversion of acetate to…
A: Acetate is converted into acetyl-CoA that undergoes the Kreb cycle to form molecules like adenosine…
Q: In the citric acid cycle, isocitrate is oxidatively decarboxylated by the enzyme isocitrate…
A: The citric acid cycle – also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or the Krebs cycle…
Q: What may be used as a reducing power by glutamate dehydrogenase? 1. NADH 2. acetyl CoA 3. NADPH 4.…
A: In biosynthesis of amino acids, two key amino acids which provide critical entry point are glutamate…
Q: When acetyl-CoA oxidized via the citric acid cycle, yields 10 ATP equivalents: 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and…
A: The citric acid cycle occurring in the mitochondrial matrix is the second step of cellular…
Q: Name one reaction of glycolysis, one anaplerotic reaction, and one reaction of TCA cycle that…
A: Allosteric regulation is the process of controlling an enzyme, either by activating or inhibiting…
Q: To begin the TCA cycle, pyruvate must be converted into acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) by the enzyme…
A: The TCA cycle is at the center of cellular metabolism, playing a starring role in both the process…
Q: In the glyoxylate cycle, two molecules of acetyl-CoA areconverted into _______________ and malate.
A: Introduction: The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is an anabolic…
Q: hich of the following glycolytic enzymes catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into…
A: There are 8 steps in glycolysis. 1st step is catalyzed by hexokinase. 2nd step an isomer converts…
Q: Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement…
A: Malonyl-CoA is a focal metabolite in fatty acid bio-chemistry. It is the rate-deciding intermediate…
Q: One consequence of ethanol addiction is fatty liver disease, an illness in which liver cells…
A: The metabolism of alcohol occurs via different reactions. One of these reactions is…
Q: In the pyruvae dehydrogensae complex, acetyl-coa is released by the dihydrolipoyl transacetylase…
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA by oxidative decarboxylation.…
Q: Which citric acid cycle enzyme utilizes a similar reaction mechanism to pyruvate dehydrogenase? O…
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of biochemical reactions by lowering the…
Q: Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the MOST regulated and rate limiting reaction in cellular…
A: Cellular respiration is considered as the necessary part of life, which involves the production of…
Q: A carnitine deficiency might manifest itself as... O accumulation of long chain fatty acids in the…
A: Introduction: Carnitine is a quaternary ammonium compound and is an important component of the…
Q: Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA Select :- a. Through oxidative carboxylation process in the…
A: pyruvate oxidation is a step which connects the metabolic pathway of glycolysis and citric acid by…
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- Which of the following glycolytic enzymes catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into the two product molecules dihydroxyacetone phosphate, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate? phosphoglycerate kinase pyruvate kinase malate dehydrogenase aldolase phosphofructokinaseWhich one of the following pairs of compounds are joined together to conserve carbon in the glyoxylate cycle? Acetyl-CoA + Glyoxylate Oxaloacetate + Malate CO2 + CO2 Pyruvate + CO2 Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate + CO2 O O O O CEnzyme involved in the synthesis of the compound forming bile salts and steroid hormones Acetyl CoA carboxylase HMG-COA reductase (mitochondrial) O HMG-COA reductase (cytosolic) Acetyl CoA reductase
- Which of the following is true regarding the oxidation of 1 molecule of palmitate to 8 molecules of acetyl CoA by the beta-oxidation pathway? 7 molecules of FADH2 are formed None of the above 8 molecules of FADH2 are formed 8 molecules of NADH are formed BOTH 8 molecules of NADH are formed AND 8 molecules of FADH2 are formedWhich enzyme in ß-oxidation extracts two electrons from the fatty acid, resulting in the eventual generation of 1.5 ATP each time that it catalyzes a reaction? O Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase O succinate dehydrogenase O L-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase O Enoyl-CoA hydrataseAcetyl CoA 00-COA COA Six -carbon molecule formed from acetyl CoA + oxaloacetate Four-carbon acceptor molecule (regenerated in each cycle) O00000 Citrate One carbon lost as 5 co2 O000 Oxaloacetate NAD+ NADH NADH + CO2 NAD* Secand carbon NAD+ lost as COz NADH + COD Reduced electron carrier similar to NADH Z7 GDP, O FADH2 Energy-carrying n molecule equivalent FAD GTP to ATP
- Which of the following is TRUE? O Both AMP and ADP are negative regulators of glycogenolysis. ATP shifts the curve of glycogen phosphorylase to the left. O Citrate binds covalently to acetyl CoA carboxylase. Phosphofructokinase-1 is an allosterically regulated enzyme in glycolysis. The carnitine shuttle is positively regulated by Malonyl CoA.Which enzyme is used for both the synthesis and breakdown of acetoacetate? thiolase O HMG-CoA synthase OB-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase O B-Ketoacyl-CoA transferaseWhich of the following is higher during high levels of glutathione reductase and NADP? SH A но (GSH) OH NH2 NH2 HO OH ;-CH-CH2-CH2-C-NH-CH–ċ–NH–CH2- CH2 В (GSSG) CH2 -CH-CH;-CH2=C-NH–C NH-CH–Ç-NH-CH2-C HO OH NH2
- Pyruvate + NAD+ + CoA → Acetyl COA NAIDHI + H + CO₂ This is the overall reaction for the pathway of Glycolysis Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate Fatty acid oxidation Ellectron transport Oxidative phosphorylation TCA or citric acid cycleHow much ATP is produced from the complete B-Oxidation of myristic acid (C14H2802)? Activation of Fatty Acid ACCOA x (10 ATP/ACCOA) FADH₂ x (1.5 ATP/FADH₂) = NADH x (2.5 ATP/NADH) : = = -2 ATP ATP ATP ATP TOTAL ATP C18 CH, (CH₂)₁4-CH₂-CH₂-C-S-COA || FAD →FADH₂ CH₂(CH₂)₁4-CH=CH-C-S-CoA Each loop of the pathway represents a repetition of Steps 1-4. H₂O OH CH₂(CH₂)₁4-CH-CH₂-C-S-CoA || - NAD+ →→NADH+ H 0 CH3-(CH₂) 14 C-CH₂-C-S-CoA 0 || C16 CH₂(CH₂)14-C-S-CoA COA-SH Acyl CoA trans-Enoyl COA L-B-Hydroxyacyl CoA B-Ketoacyl COA H₁-C-S- + CH₂-C-S-CoA Acetyl CoA New acyl COA C₁4+ Acetyl CoA C12+ Acetyl CoA CO+ Acetyl CoA Cg+ Acetyl CoA C + Acetyl COA C₁ + Acetyl COA 2 Acetyl COAWhat enzyme will not be used if the oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway is operating to produce ribose 5-phosphate? Ribulose 5-phosphate isomerase 6-phosphoglucono-lactonase 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Transaldolase