Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 2PDQ
Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 1. Most of these are related to the discovery of DNA as the genetic material and the subsequent development of recombinant DNA technology. Write a brief essay that discusses the impact of recombinant DNA technology on genetics as we perceive the discipline today.
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In the 1970s, scientists realized that there may be unforeseen dangers and ethical issues with the use of recombinant DNA technology. A self-imposed moratorium on related research was implemented to develop safety protocols. As the Human Genome Project, designed to sequence and analyze the DNA of the human genome, came into existence in 1990, it was accompanied by the Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) program. ELSI was charged with identifying and addressing issues arising from genomic research. This program focused mainly on privacy issues, the ethical use of genetic technology in medicine, and the design and conduct of genetic research, including gene therapy. The program led to the passage of federal legislation regulating the use of genetic information, and instituting guidelines limiting the scope of gene therapy. These guidelines prohibit germ-line therapy, which impact future generations, and also prohibit gene therapy designed to enhance physical or mental…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 1 - Describe Mendels conclusions about how traits are...Ch. 1 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 1. Most of...Ch. 1 - What is the chromosome theory of inheritance, and...Ch. 1 - Define genotype and phenotype. Describe how they...Ch. 1 - Given the state of knowledge at the time of the...Ch. 1 - Contrast chromosomes and genes.Ch. 1 - How is genetic information encoded in a DNA...Ch. 1 - Describe the central dogma of molecular genetics...Ch. 1 - How many different proteins, each with a unique...Ch. 1 - Outline the roles played by restriction enzymes...
Ch. 1 - What are some of the impacts of biotechnology on...Ch. 1 - Summarize the arguments for and against patenting...Ch. 1 - We all carry about 20,000 genes in our genome. So...Ch. 1 - How has the use of model organisms advanced our...Ch. 1 - If you knew that a devastating late-onset...Ch. 1 - Why do you think discoveries in genetics have been...Ch. 1 - The Age of Genetics was created by remarkable...
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- Microarray hybridization is used mostly in transcript profiling or assaying DNA variation. Although the technology for establishing DNA microarrays was developed only recently, numerous applications have already been developed and their impact on future biomedical research and diagnostic approaches is expected to be profound. Give some examples of the practical use of this technique.arrow_forwardDiscuss how the genetic basis of life plays a central role in biotechnology. Further, ethical considerations aside, if DNA-based technologies became widely used, discuss how they might change the way evolution proceeds, as compared with the natural evolutionary mechanisms that have operated for the past 4 billion years.arrow_forwardWhat are some possible research questions and practical applications that could be addressed by creating organisms with artificial chromosomes and synthetic genomes? What might be some potential safety, environmental, social, and ethical concerns about creating organisms with synthetic genomes?arrow_forward
- Discuss in a minimum of 300 words the social and ethical issues associated with genome research.arrow_forwardLiving modified organism (LMO) is defined as any living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology. Two LMOs that have obtained approval from FDA to be commercialized are the Hawaiian 'Rainbow' papayas and the AquAdvantage salmons. Discuss the advantages of Hawaiian 'Rainbow' papayas and the AquAdvantage salmons over their respective wild type.arrow_forwardWhat are some important safety and ethical issues raised by this use of recombinant DNA technology?arrow_forward
- Discuss three important advances that have resulted from gene cloning.arrow_forwardWrite the advantages and disadvantages of applying such application in the DNA of an organism. 1. Development of genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests. 2. Drug delivery systems that are based on bacterial or viral host. 3. Producing genetically modified organisms to enhance food production. 4. Combining two or more genes in one organism to enhance its traits. 5. DNA manipulation of certain species to produce organs for harvesting.arrow_forwardAnswer all of the following questions a) Define the following terms: biotechnology, Plasmid,Genetic engineering and Transformation b) List two types of medical products that can be produced using DNA tech- nology c) Relate bioethics to the continued development of genetic engineering techniques. d) Describe two major goals of the Human Genome Project. e) Distinguish between proteomics and genomics. f) Outline the different applications of biotechnology g) List some techniques of genetic engineering. h) Delineate the transgenic organisms and their significance. i) Explain the procedure for the following PCR, Gel electrophpresis and Gene therapy j) Describe human genome project and its main goals. k) Discuss the drastic environmental impacts of oil spills and how the mi- crobes like bacteria can help mitigate the problem. l) Give an account of significance of transgenic organisms in food industry. m) Describe the uses of DNA finger printing. n) What is gene cloning? o) Elaborately…arrow_forward
- What are some safety and ethical concerns raised by the use of recombinant DNA technology? What are some dangers of introducing genetically engineered organisms into the environment?arrow_forwardName the five key tools for accomplishing the tasks of recombinant DNA technology.also mention the function of each tool.arrow_forwardPick one (1) of the five (5) principles developed by the Ethics Committee for the Human Genome Organization that must be considered when the global community is confronted by new technology. Why do you feel that principle is MOST important.arrow_forward
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