![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_largeCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781259911156
Author: Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 11.141QP
Why do citrus growers spray their trees with water to protect them from freezing?
Expert Solution & Answer
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution![Blurred answer](/static/blurred-answer.jpg)
Students have asked these similar questions
In a body of water, the surface tension caused by the attraction between water molecules is strong. Which of the following is a consequence of this property?
Water is considered to be a universal solvent.
When water freezes, the molecules move farther apart.
Only a limited amount of solute can be dissolved in a sample of water.
Objects with a higher density than water can be observed floating on water.
Arrange these substances in order of decreasing volatiliity(from most volatile to least volatile)
Acetone 17 degrees Celsius,
Ethanol 6.8 degrees Celsius ,
Heptane 7.8 degrees Celsius
Hexane 13.6 degrees Celsius
Methanol 15.4 degrees Celsius
Pentane 18.5 degrees Celsius
1-propanol 3.2 degrees Celsius
2-propanol 7.3 degrees Celsius
Why does spilled gasoline evaporate more rapidly on a hot day than on a cold day?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 11.2 - Name the type(s) of intermolecular forces that...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 2PECh. 11.2 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 11.2 - Which of the following compounds is most likely to...Ch. 11.3 - Why are motorists advised to use more viscous oils...Ch. 11.4 - When silver crystallizes, it forms face-centered...Ch. 11.4 - Tungsten crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11.4 - Cerium forms face-centered cubic cells when it...Ch. 11.5 - X rays of wavelength 0.154 nm are diffracted from...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 1RCF
Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 11.6 - Prob. 5PECh. 11.6 - Copper crystallizes in a face-centered cubic...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 11.6 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 11.8 - Prob. 7PECh. 11.8 - Calculate the heat released when 68.0 g of steam...Ch. 11.8 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 11.8 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 11.9 - Which phase diagram (a)(c) corresponds to a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.1QPCh. 11 - Explain the term polarizability. What kind of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.3QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.4QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.5QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.6QPCh. 11 - The compounds Br2 and ICl have the same number of...Ch. 11 - If you lived in Alaska, which of the following...Ch. 11 - The binary hydrogen compounds of the Group 4A...Ch. 11 - List the types of intermolecular forces that exist...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.11QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.12QPCh. 11 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 11 - Diethyl ether has a boiling point of 34.5C, and...Ch. 11 - Which member of each of the following pairs of...Ch. 11 - Which substance in each of the following pairs...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.17QPCh. 11 - What kind of attractive forces must be overcome in...Ch. 11 - The following compounds have the same molecular...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.20QPCh. 11 - Explain why liquids, unlike gases, are virtually...Ch. 11 - What is surface tension? What is the relationship...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.23QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.24QPCh. 11 - A glass can be filled slightly above the rim with...Ch. 11 - Draw diagrams showing the capillary action of (a)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.27QPCh. 11 - Why does the viscosity of a liquid decrease with...Ch. 11 - Why is ice less dense than water?Ch. 11 - Outdoor water pipes have to be drained or...Ch. 11 - Predict which of the following liquids has greater...Ch. 11 - Predict the viscosity of ethylene glycol relative...Ch. 11 - Define the following terms: crystalline solid,...Ch. 11 - Describe the geometries of the following cubic...Ch. 11 - Classify the solid states in terms of crystal...Ch. 11 - The melting points of the oxides of the...Ch. 11 - What is the coordination number of each sphere in...Ch. 11 - Calculate the number of spheres that would be...Ch. 11 - Metallic iron crystallizes in a cubic lattice. The...Ch. 11 - Barium metal crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - Vanadium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - Europium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - Crystalline silicon has a cubic structure. The...Ch. 11 - A face-centered cubic cell contains 8 X atoms at...Ch. 11 - Define X-ray diffraction. What are the typical...Ch. 11 - Write the Bragg equation. Define every term and...Ch. 11 - When X rays of wavelength 0.090 nm are diffracted...Ch. 11 - The distance between layers in a NaCl crystal is...Ch. 11 - Describe and give examples of the following types...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.50QPCh. 11 - A solid is hard, brittle, and electrically...Ch. 11 - A solid is soft and has a low melting point (below...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.53QPCh. 11 - Which of the following are molecular solids and...Ch. 11 - Classify the solid state of the following...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.56QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.57QPCh. 11 - Define glass. What is the chief component of...Ch. 11 - What is a phase change? Name all possible changes...Ch. 11 - What is the equilibrium vapor pressure of a...Ch. 11 - Use any one of the phase changes to explain what...Ch. 11 - Define the following terms: (a) molar heat of...Ch. 11 - How is the molar heat of sublimation related to...Ch. 11 - What can we learn about the intermolecular forces...Ch. 11 - The greater the molar heat of vaporization of a...Ch. 11 - Define boiling point. How does the boiling point...Ch. 11 - As a liquid is heated at constant pressure, its...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.68QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.69QPCh. 11 - How do the boiling points and melting points of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.71QPCh. 11 - Wet clothes dry more quickly on a hot, dry day...Ch. 11 - Which of the following phase transitions gives off...Ch. 11 - A beaker of water is heated to boiling by a Bunsen...Ch. 11 - Calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) required to...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.76QPCh. 11 - How is the rate of evaporation of a liquid...Ch. 11 - The molar heats of fusion and sublimation of...Ch. 11 - The following compounds, listed with their boiling...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.80QPCh. 11 - A student hangs wet clothes outdoors on a winter...Ch. 11 - Steam at 100C causes more serious burns than water...Ch. 11 - Vapor pressure measurements at several different...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.84QPCh. 11 - The vapor pressure of liquid X is lower than that...Ch. 11 - Explain why splashing a small amount of liquid...Ch. 11 - What is a phase diagram? What useful information...Ch. 11 - Explain how waters phase diagram differs from...Ch. 11 - The phase diagram of sulfur is shown. (a) How many...Ch. 11 - A length of wire is placed on top of a block of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.91QPCh. 11 - A phase diagram of water is shown at the end of...Ch. 11 - Name the kinds of attractive forces that must be...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.94QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.95QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.96QPCh. 11 - Referring to Figure 11.41, determine the stable...Ch. 11 - Classify the unit cell of molecular iodine.Ch. 11 - A CO2 fire extinguisher is located on the outside...Ch. 11 - What is the vapor pressure of mercury at its...Ch. 11 - A flask of water is connected to a powerful vacuum...Ch. 11 - The liquid-vapor boundary line in the phase...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.103QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.104QPCh. 11 - In 2009, thousands of babies in China became ill...Ch. 11 - The vapor pressure of a liquid in a closed...Ch. 11 - A student is given four solid samples labeled W,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.108QPCh. 11 - Note the kettle of boiling water on a stove....Ch. 11 - The south pole of Mars is covered with dry ice,...Ch. 11 - The properties of gases, liquids, and solids...Ch. 11 - Select the substance in each pair that should have...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.113QPCh. 11 - Under the same conditions of temperature and...Ch. 11 - The fluorides of the second-period elements and...Ch. 11 - The standard enthalpy of formation of gaseous...Ch. 11 - The following graph shows approximate plots of ln...Ch. 11 - Determine the final state and its temperature when...Ch. 11 - The distance between Li+ and Cl is 257 pm in solid...Ch. 11 - Heat of hydration, that is, the heat change that...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.121QPCh. 11 - Calculate the H for the following processes at...Ch. 11 - Gaseous or highly volatile liquid anesthetics are...Ch. 11 - A beaker of water is placed in a closed container....Ch. 11 - The phase diagram of helium is shown. Helium is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.126QPCh. 11 - Ozone (O3) is a strong oxidizing agent that can...Ch. 11 - A sample of limestone (CaCO3) is heated in a...Ch. 11 - Silicon used in computer chips must have an...Ch. 11 - Carbon and silicon belong to Group 4A of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.131QPCh. 11 - A 1.20-g sample of water is injected into an...Ch. 11 - What are the advantages of cooking the vegetable...Ch. 11 - A quantitative measure of how efficiently spheres...Ch. 11 - Provide an explanation for each of the following...Ch. 11 - Argon crystallizes in the face-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - A chemistry instructor performed the following...Ch. 11 - Given the phase diagram of carbon shown, answer...Ch. 11 - Swimming coaches sometimes suggest that a drop of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.140QPCh. 11 - Why do citrus growers spray their trees with water...Ch. 11 - What is the origin of dark spots on the inner...Ch. 11 - The compound dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl2F2) has...Ch. 11 - A student heated a beaker of cold water (on a...Ch. 11 - Sketch the cooling curves of water from about 110C...Ch. 11 - Iron crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.147QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.148QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.149QPCh. 11 - A sample of water shows the following behavior as...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.151QPCh. 11 - Assuming ideal behavior, calculate the density of...Ch. 11 - Both calcium and strontium crystallize in...Ch. 11 - Is the vapor pressure of a liquid more sensitive...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.155QPCh. 11 - Without the aid of instruments, give two examples...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Predict which liquid—glycerol, HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH, or hexane, C6H14—has the greater surface tension. Explain your prediction.arrow_forwardAs water cools to a temperature of zero degrees Celsius and forms ice, water molecules tend to move farther apart. vībrate rapidly. flow more randomly. gradually expand.arrow_forwardIn determining properties such as solubility, melting point, and boiling point, intramolecular forces are more important than intermolecular forces. TRUE OR FALSEarrow_forward
- How does the melting point of water change as the pressure increases from 1 atm?_________________________________________________________________(20) What does the line separating the solid phase from the gas phase represent?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(21) What does the line separating the liquid phase from the gas phase represent?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(22) What is the vapor pressure of liquid water at 100 oC?arrow_forwardThis graph shows how the vapor pressure of three liquids varies with temperature: 900 800- 700- 600- 50. 400- 300- 200. - isobutyl alcohol ethylbenzene 100 -octane 100 110 120 130 140 temperature, °C Put these liquids (the names of the liquid) in order from most volatile to least volatile. Most volatile 1 E isobutyl alcohol 2 octane 3 | ethylbenzene 10 vapor pressure, torrarrow_forwardFour liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select '1' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. Note: the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. solution 9.9 g of potassium acetate (KCH3CO₂) dissolved in 200. mL of water 9.9 g of potassium nitrate (KNO3) dissolved in 200. mL of water 9.9 g of glycerin (C3H8O3) dissolved in 200. mL of water 200. mL of pure water freezing point (choose one) ✓ (choose one) 1(lowest) 2 3 4(highest) C C boiling point (choose one) Ⓒ (choose one) (choose one) (choose one)arrow_forward
- Four liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select 'I' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. Note: the density of water is 1.00 g/mL.arrow_forwardFour liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select '1' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. ? Note: the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. solution 9.8 g of glucose (C6H1206) dissolved in 150. mL of water 9.8 g of potassium acetate (KCH3CO₂) dissolved in 150. mL of water 9.8 g of glycerin (C3H8O3) dissolved in 150. mL of water 150. mL of pure water freezing point (choose one) ↑ (choose one) (choose one) ✓ (choose one) 1(lowest) 2 3 4(highest) boiling point (choose one) ↑ (choose one) (choose one) (choose one) ✪ S olo 18 Ararrow_forwardFour liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select '1' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. Note: the density of water is /1.00gmL . solution freezing point boiling point 7.5 g of potassium chloride (KCl) dissolved in 400. mL of water (choose one)1(lowest)234(highest) (choose one)1(lowest)234(highest) 7.5 g of potassium iodide (KI) dissolved in 400. mL of water (choose one)1(lowest)234(highest) (choose one)1(lowest)234(highest) 7.5 g of propylene glycol (C3H8O2) dissolved in 400. mL of water (choose one)1(lowest)234(highest)…arrow_forward
- Four liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select '1' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. Note: the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. solution freezing point boiling point 3.0 g of sucrose (C12H22011) dissolved in 450. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 3.0 g of ethylene glycol (C2H602) dissolved in 450. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 3.0 g of nitric acid (HNO3) dissolved in 450. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 450. mL of pure water (choose one) (choose one)arrow_forwardFour liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select '1' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. Note: the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. solution freezing point boiling point 7.7 g of hydroiodic acid (HI) dissolved in 500. mL of water (choose one) O (choose one) 7.7 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH) dissolved in 500. mL of water (choose one) C (choose one) O 7.7 g of calcium chloride (CaCl2) dissolved in 500. mL of water (choose one) C (choose one) O 500. mL of pure water (choose one) (choose one)arrow_forwardFour liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select '1' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. Note: the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. solution freezing point boiling point 4.3 g of sodium acetate (NaCH3CO2) dissolved in 150. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 4.3 g of propylene glycol (C3H8O2) dissolved in 150. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 4.3 g of glycerin (C3H8O3) dissolved in 150. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 150. mL of pure water (choose one) (choose one) ?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781133109655/9781133109655_smallCoverImage.jpg)
World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133109655
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781133958437/9781133958437_smallCoverImage.gif)
Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781285199047/9781285199047_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305580343/9781305580343_smallCoverImage.gif)
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580343
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Types of Matter: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dggHWvFJ8Xs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY