Chemistry
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781259911156
Author: Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 11.99QP
A CO2 fire extinguisher is located on the outside of a building in Massachusetts. During the winter months, one can hear a sloshing sound when the extinguisher is gently shaken. In the summertime there is often no sound when it is shaken. Explain. Assume that the extinguisher has no leaks and that it has not been used.
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Which procedure would produce the best data for comparing the electrostatic forces between the molecules of different substances?
O Heat each substance in solid form for the same amount of time. Measure the temperature of each substance.
O Heat each substance in liquid form to its boiling point. Measure the temperature of each substance.
O Heat each substance in solid form to its melting point. Measure the quantity of each substance that has melted.
O Heat each substance in liquid form for the same amount of time. Measure the temperature of each substance.
Use vapor pressure.
A student leaving campus for spring break wants to make sure the air in his dorm room has a high water vapor pressure so that his plants are
comfortable. The dorm room measures 3.01 m x 4.12 m x 3.48 m and the student places a pan containing 0.566L of water in the room.
Assume that the room is airtight, that there is no water vapor in the air when he closes the door, and that the temperature remains a constant
21 °C.The vapor pressure of water at 21 °C is 18.7 mm Hg.
(a) Calculate the pressure that the water vapor would exert if all of the liquid water evaporated.
mm Hg
(b) Will all of the water in the pan evaporate?
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Use vapor pressure.
A student leaving campus for spring break wants to make sure the air in her dorm room has a high
water vapor pressure so that her plants are comfortable. The dorm room measures 3.76 m × 4.17 m
× 3.31 m and the student places a pan containing 1.62 L of water in the room. Assume that the room
is airtight, that there is no water vapor in the air when she closes the door, and that the temperature
remains a constant 25 °C. The vapor pressure of water at 25 °C is 23.8 mm Hg.
(a) Calculate the pressure that the water vapor would exert if all of the liquid water evaporated.
mm Hg
(b) Will all of the water in the pan evaporate?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 11.2 - Name the type(s) of intermolecular forces that...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 2PECh. 11.2 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 11.2 - Which of the following compounds is most likely to...Ch. 11.3 - Why are motorists advised to use more viscous oils...Ch. 11.4 - When silver crystallizes, it forms face-centered...Ch. 11.4 - Tungsten crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11.4 - Cerium forms face-centered cubic cells when it...Ch. 11.5 - X rays of wavelength 0.154 nm are diffracted from...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 1RCF
Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 11.6 - Prob. 5PECh. 11.6 - Copper crystallizes in a face-centered cubic...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 11.6 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 11.8 - Prob. 7PECh. 11.8 - Calculate the heat released when 68.0 g of steam...Ch. 11.8 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 11.8 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 11.9 - Which phase diagram (a)(c) corresponds to a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.1QPCh. 11 - Explain the term polarizability. What kind of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.3QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.4QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.5QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.6QPCh. 11 - The compounds Br2 and ICl have the same number of...Ch. 11 - If you lived in Alaska, which of the following...Ch. 11 - The binary hydrogen compounds of the Group 4A...Ch. 11 - List the types of intermolecular forces that exist...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.11QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.12QPCh. 11 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 11 - Diethyl ether has a boiling point of 34.5C, and...Ch. 11 - Which member of each of the following pairs of...Ch. 11 - Which substance in each of the following pairs...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.17QPCh. 11 - What kind of attractive forces must be overcome in...Ch. 11 - The following compounds have the same molecular...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.20QPCh. 11 - Explain why liquids, unlike gases, are virtually...Ch. 11 - What is surface tension? What is the relationship...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.23QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.24QPCh. 11 - A glass can be filled slightly above the rim with...Ch. 11 - Draw diagrams showing the capillary action of (a)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.27QPCh. 11 - Why does the viscosity of a liquid decrease with...Ch. 11 - Why is ice less dense than water?Ch. 11 - Outdoor water pipes have to be drained or...Ch. 11 - Predict which of the following liquids has greater...Ch. 11 - Predict the viscosity of ethylene glycol relative...Ch. 11 - Define the following terms: crystalline solid,...Ch. 11 - Describe the geometries of the following cubic...Ch. 11 - Classify the solid states in terms of crystal...Ch. 11 - The melting points of the oxides of the...Ch. 11 - What is the coordination number of each sphere in...Ch. 11 - Calculate the number of spheres that would be...Ch. 11 - Metallic iron crystallizes in a cubic lattice. The...Ch. 11 - Barium metal crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - Vanadium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - Europium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - Crystalline silicon has a cubic structure. The...Ch. 11 - A face-centered cubic cell contains 8 X atoms at...Ch. 11 - Define X-ray diffraction. What are the typical...Ch. 11 - Write the Bragg equation. Define every term and...Ch. 11 - When X rays of wavelength 0.090 nm are diffracted...Ch. 11 - The distance between layers in a NaCl crystal is...Ch. 11 - Describe and give examples of the following types...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.50QPCh. 11 - A solid is hard, brittle, and electrically...Ch. 11 - A solid is soft and has a low melting point (below...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.53QPCh. 11 - Which of the following are molecular solids and...Ch. 11 - Classify the solid state of the following...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.56QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.57QPCh. 11 - Define glass. What is the chief component of...Ch. 11 - What is a phase change? Name all possible changes...Ch. 11 - What is the equilibrium vapor pressure of a...Ch. 11 - Use any one of the phase changes to explain what...Ch. 11 - Define the following terms: (a) molar heat of...Ch. 11 - How is the molar heat of sublimation related to...Ch. 11 - What can we learn about the intermolecular forces...Ch. 11 - The greater the molar heat of vaporization of a...Ch. 11 - Define boiling point. How does the boiling point...Ch. 11 - As a liquid is heated at constant pressure, its...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.68QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.69QPCh. 11 - How do the boiling points and melting points of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.71QPCh. 11 - Wet clothes dry more quickly on a hot, dry day...Ch. 11 - Which of the following phase transitions gives off...Ch. 11 - A beaker of water is heated to boiling by a Bunsen...Ch. 11 - Calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) required to...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.76QPCh. 11 - How is the rate of evaporation of a liquid...Ch. 11 - The molar heats of fusion and sublimation of...Ch. 11 - The following compounds, listed with their boiling...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.80QPCh. 11 - A student hangs wet clothes outdoors on a winter...Ch. 11 - Steam at 100C causes more serious burns than water...Ch. 11 - Vapor pressure measurements at several different...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.84QPCh. 11 - The vapor pressure of liquid X is lower than that...Ch. 11 - Explain why splashing a small amount of liquid...Ch. 11 - What is a phase diagram? What useful information...Ch. 11 - Explain how waters phase diagram differs from...Ch. 11 - The phase diagram of sulfur is shown. (a) How many...Ch. 11 - A length of wire is placed on top of a block of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.91QPCh. 11 - A phase diagram of water is shown at the end of...Ch. 11 - Name the kinds of attractive forces that must be...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.94QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.95QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.96QPCh. 11 - Referring to Figure 11.41, determine the stable...Ch. 11 - Classify the unit cell of molecular iodine.Ch. 11 - A CO2 fire extinguisher is located on the outside...Ch. 11 - What is the vapor pressure of mercury at its...Ch. 11 - A flask of water is connected to a powerful vacuum...Ch. 11 - The liquid-vapor boundary line in the phase...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.103QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.104QPCh. 11 - In 2009, thousands of babies in China became ill...Ch. 11 - The vapor pressure of a liquid in a closed...Ch. 11 - A student is given four solid samples labeled W,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.108QPCh. 11 - Note the kettle of boiling water on a stove....Ch. 11 - The south pole of Mars is covered with dry ice,...Ch. 11 - The properties of gases, liquids, and solids...Ch. 11 - Select the substance in each pair that should have...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.113QPCh. 11 - Under the same conditions of temperature and...Ch. 11 - The fluorides of the second-period elements and...Ch. 11 - The standard enthalpy of formation of gaseous...Ch. 11 - The following graph shows approximate plots of ln...Ch. 11 - Determine the final state and its temperature when...Ch. 11 - The distance between Li+ and Cl is 257 pm in solid...Ch. 11 - Heat of hydration, that is, the heat change that...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.121QPCh. 11 - Calculate the H for the following processes at...Ch. 11 - Gaseous or highly volatile liquid anesthetics are...Ch. 11 - A beaker of water is placed in a closed container....Ch. 11 - The phase diagram of helium is shown. Helium is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.126QPCh. 11 - Ozone (O3) is a strong oxidizing agent that can...Ch. 11 - A sample of limestone (CaCO3) is heated in a...Ch. 11 - Silicon used in computer chips must have an...Ch. 11 - Carbon and silicon belong to Group 4A of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.131QPCh. 11 - A 1.20-g sample of water is injected into an...Ch. 11 - What are the advantages of cooking the vegetable...Ch. 11 - A quantitative measure of how efficiently spheres...Ch. 11 - Provide an explanation for each of the following...Ch. 11 - Argon crystallizes in the face-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - A chemistry instructor performed the following...Ch. 11 - Given the phase diagram of carbon shown, answer...Ch. 11 - Swimming coaches sometimes suggest that a drop of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.140QPCh. 11 - Why do citrus growers spray their trees with water...Ch. 11 - What is the origin of dark spots on the inner...Ch. 11 - The compound dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl2F2) has...Ch. 11 - A student heated a beaker of cold water (on a...Ch. 11 - Sketch the cooling curves of water from about 110C...Ch. 11 - Iron crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.147QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.148QPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.149QPCh. 11 - A sample of water shows the following behavior as...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.151QPCh. 11 - Assuming ideal behavior, calculate the density of...Ch. 11 - Both calcium and strontium crystallize in...Ch. 11 - Is the vapor pressure of a liquid more sensitive...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.155QPCh. 11 - Without the aid of instruments, give two examples...
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