(a)
Interpretation:
The molarity of 11-cis-retinal after
Concept introduction:
Integrated rate law for a first order reaction:
A first order reaction is defined as the reaction whose rate depends only on the concentration of a single reactant raised to the first power.
Integrated rate law for a first order reaction is given below
(b)
Interpretation:
The time required to react
Concept introduction:
Integrated rate law for a first order reaction:
A first order reaction is defined as the reaction whose rate depends only on the concentration of a single reactant raised to the first power.
Integrated rate law for a first order reaction is given below
(c)
Interpretation:
The time required to form
Concept introduction:
Integrated rate law for a first order reaction:
A first order reaction is defined as the reaction whose rate depends only on the concentration of a single reactant raised to the first power.
Integrated rate law for a first order reaction is given below
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General Chemistry: Atoms First
- The rate constant, k, at 25 C is 0.27/h for the reaction Pt(NH3)2Cl2(aq) + H2O() [Pt(NH3)2(H2O)Cl]+(aq) + Cl(aq) and the rate equation is Reaction rate = k[Pt(NH3)2C12] Calculate the rate of reaction when the concentration of Pt(NH3)2Cl2 is 0.020 M.arrow_forward1 Rate constants for the first-order decomposition of acetonedicarboxylic acid CO(CH2COOH)2(aq) → CO(CH3)2(aq) + 2 CO2(g) acetonedicarboxylic acidacetone are k = 4.75 ×10–4 s–1 at 293 K and k = 1.63 ×10–3 at 303 K. What is the activation energy, Ea, for this reaction? Select one: a. 71KJ/mol b. 81KJ/mol c. 51KJ/mol d. 91kJ/molarrow_forwardThe enzyme urease catalyzes the reaction of urea, 1NH2CONH22, with water to produce carbon dioxide and ammonia. In water, without the enzyme, the reaction proceeds with a first-order rate constant of 4.15 * 10-5 s-1 at 100 °C. In the presence of the enzyme in water, the reaction proceeds with a rate constant of 3.4 * 104 s-1 at 21 °C. (a) Write out the balanced equation for the reaction catalyzed by urease.arrow_forward
- Be sure to answer all parts. Acetone is one of the most important solvents in organic chemistry. It is used to dissolve everything from fats and waxes to airplane glue and nail polish. At high temperatures, it decomposes in a first- order process to methane and ketene (CH,=C=0). At 600°C, the rate constant is 8.7 x 103 s1. (a) What is the half-life of the reaction? Give your answer in scientific notation. x 10 (select) A (b) How long does it take for 42% of a sample of acetone to decompose? (c) How long does it take for 82% of a sample of acetone to decompose? Give your answer in scientific notation. x 10 (select) O Sarrow_forwardAcetone is one of the most important solvents in organic chemistry. It is used to dissolve everything from fats and waxes to airplane glue and nail polish. At high temperatures, it decomposes in a first-order process to methane and ketene (CH2═C═O). At 600°C, the rate constant is 8.7 × 10−3 s−1. (a) What is the half-life of the reaction? Give your answer in scientific notation. (b) How long does it take for 38% of a sample of acetone to decompose? (c) How long does it take for 81% of a sample of acetone to decompose? Give your answer in scientific notation.arrow_forwardConsider the reaction A + B ¡ C + D. Is each of the following statements true or false? (a) The rate law for the reaction must be Rate = k3A43B4. (b) If the reaction is an elementary reaction, the rate law is second order. (c) If the reaction is an elementary reaction, the rate law of the reverse reaction is first order. (d) The activation energy for the reverse reaction must be greater than that for the forward reaction.arrow_forward
- Consider the following reaction: 2 NO(g) + 2 H2(g) N2(g) + 2 H2O(g) (a) The rate law for this reaction is second order in NO(g) and first-order in H2(g). What is the rate law for this reaction? (b) If the rate constant for this reaction at a certain temperature is 9.70e+04, what is the reaction rate when [NO(g)] = 0.0560 M and [H2(g)] = 0.119 M?Rate = M/s.(c) What is the reaction rate when the concentration of NO(g) is doubled, to 0.112 M while the concentration of H2(g) is 0.119 M?Rate = M/sarrow_forward(iv) The activation energy, Ea, and pre-exponential factor, A, for the decomposition of N2O5: N2O5→ 2 NO2 + ½ O2 are: E = 102.2 kJ mol-1 and A = 2.81 x 1013 s-1. (a) Using these data calculate the rate constant of the reaction at 300 K. (b) Assuming the reaction is first order calculate the rate of the reaction, at 300 K, when the concentration of N2O5 is 0.015 mol L-1.arrow_forwardA second-order-reaction of the type A +2 B→ P was carried out in a solution that was initially 0.075 mol dm3 in A and 0.030 mol dm3 in B. After 1.0 h the concentration of A had fallen to 0.045 mol dm3. (a) Calculate the rate constant. (b) What is the half-life of the reactants? The rate constant for the decomposition of a certain substance is 1.70 x 10-2 dm³ mol-¹ s¹ at 24°C and 2.01 x 10-2 dm³ mol-¹ s¹ at 37°C. Evaluate the Arrhenius parameters of the reaction. A reaction 2 AP has a third-order rate law with k = 3.50 x 104 dmº mol2 s¹. Calculate the time required for the concentration of A to change from 0.077 mol dm3 to 0.021 mol dm³.arrow_forward
- 6. The rate constant for the reaction, 2 N₂O5 (g) → 4 NO2 (g) + O2 (g), doubles when the temperature is raised from 295.65 K to 300.62 K. (a) Determine the activation energy (in kJ/mol) for the reaction, assuming that the pre- exponential factor, A, in the Arrhenius equation is independent of temperature. (b) At what temperature would you predict this rate constant to increase by another factor of 10 relative to its value at 300.62 K?arrow_forwardThe reaction between ethyl iodide and hydroxide ion inethanol (C2H5OH) solution, C2H5(1alc) + OH- (1alc)----->C2H5OH(l) + I - (alc) , has an activation energy of86.8 kJ>mol and a frequency factor of 2.10 x 1011 M-1 s-1.(a) Predict the rate constant for the reaction at 35 °C. (b) Asolution of KOH in ethanol is made up by dissolving 0.335g KOH in ethanol to form 250.0 mL of solution. Similarly,1.453 g of C2H5I is dissolved in ethanol to form 250.0mL of solution. Equal volumes of the two solutions aremixed. Assuming the reaction is first order in each reactant,what is the initial rate at 35 °C? (c) Which reagent inthe reaction is limiting, assuming the reaction proceeds tocompletion? (d) Assuming the frequency factor and activationenergy do not change as a function of temperature,calculate the rate constant for the reaction at 50 °C.arrow_forward(a) Select all of the correct statements about reaction rates from the choices below. The lower the rate of a reaction the longer it takes to reach completion.Reactions involving very unstable combinations of chemicals have large rate constants.Concentrations of homogeneous catalysts have no effect on reaction rates.Reaction rate constants are independent of temperature.The slowest step in a reaction is called the rate-determining step.A balanced chemical reaction is necessary to relate the rate of reaction to the concentration of a reactant.Slow reactions can be speeded up by raising the temperature.arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning