Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
All non-hydrogen atoms that are required to be in the same plane for Adenine are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
According to the VSEPR theory, if an atom is surrounded by three electron groups, either three bonds or two bonds and one lone pair, then the geometry of such an atom is trigonal planar, and thus, it must be
(b)
Interpretation:
All non-hydrogen atoms that are required to be in the same plane for Cytosine are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
According to the VSEPR theory, if an atom is surrounded by three electron groups, either three bonds or two bonds and one lone pair, then the geometry of such an atom is trigonal planar, and thus, it must be
(c)
Interpretation:
All non-hydrogen atoms that are required to be in the same plane for Guanine are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
According to the VSEPR theory, if an atom is surrounded by three electron groups, either three bonds or two bonds and one lone pair, then the geometry of such an atom is trigonal planar, and thus, it must be
(d)
Interpretation:
All non-hydrogen atoms that are required to be in the same plane for Thymine are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
According to the VSEPR theory, if an atom is surrounded by three electron groups, either three bonds or two bonds and one lone pair, then the geometry of such an atom is trigonal planar, and thus, it must be
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Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- Compare these two structures. [0=C=N] [0=C—N: Determine whether the two represent resonance contributors of a single species or depict different substances. If two structures are not resonance contributors, explain why. Select the single best answer. O The two structures are resonance contributors of the same species. The two structures are not resonance contributors because they contain different numbers of electrons. The two structures are not resonance contributors because they contain different bond orders. O The two structures are not resonance contributors because they contain bond orders having integer values. The two structures are not resonance contributors because each structure is present in its most stable (lowest energy) configuration. The two structures are not resonance contributors because they have different arrangements of atoms. X Śarrow_forwardUsing Valence Bond Theory, NOT the VSEPR model, show what orbitals the central carbon atom is using in the compound HCN (Drawing a Lewis Structure is good, but not enough). What is the bond angle and molecular geometry in the HCN molecule? DRAW AND NAME THE ORBITALS FOR ALL 3 ATOMS BEFORE AND AFTER BONDS FORM. A FEW DRAWINGS SHOWING PARTS OF YOUR ANSWER WOULD BE A LOT BETTER THAN ONE DRAWING ATTEMPTING TO SHOW ALL OF IT !! a) b) c) a)arrow_forwardRecall that for a lone pair to be involved in resonance, it must be in a p orbital, which requires the atom it is on to be sp² or sp hybridized. This means that for a situation with resonance, the actual hybridization of the atom is determined from the resonance structure where that atom has the lowest steric number (so it can use the required number of p orbitals to form pi bonds as shown in some of its resonance structures). This could be the situation in your initial drawing, or in one of the resonance structures you draw from it. All of the oxygens in the following molecules are sp² hybridized except one. Which of the following structures has an sp³ hybridized oxygen atom? НО. (A) (B) (D)arrow_forward
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- What is the angle between the two sp atomic orbitals of carbon?arrow_forwardWhat is the hybridization of the highlighted atoms in the following structure? What are your estimates for the bond angles around these highlighted atoms? in what kind of orbital does the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen reside?arrow_forwardConsider a carbon atom that is sp hybridized. Indicate how many of each orbital exist on this carbon atom by sorting each orbital type. Consider the outer valence only.arrow_forward
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