Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their
(b)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are
(c)
Interpretation:
The dissociation constant of
Concept introduction:
The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are
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Organic Chemistry
- Average Bond Dissociation Energies at 298 K Bond Energy, kJ mol1 H-H 432 O=0 495 H-O 467 The tables above contain information for determining thermodynamic properties of the reaction below. 2H,(g) + 02(8) - 2H,O(g) (a) Calculate the AH° for the reaction above, using the table of average bond dissociation energy. (b) Use the table below to calculate the entropy for the formation of water. 2H, + 02 - 2H,O Substance S°(J/mol· K) H2 131.0 H20 69.91 O2 205.0 (c) Calculate the value of AG°298K for the synthesis of water.arrow_forwardEach of the chemically active Period 2 elements forms stable compounds in which it has bonds to fluorine. (a) What are the names and formulas of these compounds? (b) Does ∆EN increase or decrease left to right across the period? (c) Does percent ionic character increase or decrease left to right? (d) Draw Lewis structures for these compoundsarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? (A) Because HCl is a strong acid, the bond dissociation energy of HCl is smaller than that of Cl₂. (B) The Cl₂ bond cannot cleavage by increasing temperature. (C) Yellow light cannot cleavage Cl2 bond, you can do it well by increasing amplitude of yellow light. (D) The electromagnetic wavelength required to cleavage Cl2 bond is greater than that to cleavage Br2 bond (E) The oxygen atoms are found easily far away from earth surface than it be found in earth surface.arrow_forward
- 19. :O: || :0-N- O: Which of the following statements, if true, would support the claim that the NO3 ion, represented above, has three resonance structures? (A) The NO3 ion is not a polar species. (B) The oxygen-to-nitrogen-to-oxygen bond angles are 90°. (C) One of the bonds in NO3 is longer than the other two. (D) One of the bonds in NO3¯ is shorter than the other two.arrow_forwardHow does the acidity of the binary acid of an element vary as a function of the electronegativity of the element? How does this relate to the position of the element in the periodic table?arrow_forwardQUESTION 5 (31 MARKS) (a) (i) Draw a pz orbital and a d?-y² orbital. (4) (ii) What are the differences between a 5pz orbital and a 4d,- orbital in the H atom? (6) (b) (i) Draw the Lewis structure of methanol, CH3OH(8). (3) (ii) Show with a simple diagram how methanol dissolves in water. Explain. (2) (c) How does the energy and length of the carbon-oxygen bond in CH3OH(e) compare with the carbon-oxygen distance in carbon monoxide? Explain. (5) (d) Chemical bonds can be classified as polar covalent, according to and (3) (e) Chemical bonds can also be classified as single or number of according to the (2) (f) Draw the Lewis structure(s) for SO3F. Explain the structure which you have drawn. (6)arrow_forward
- Arrange the following from lowest to highest ionization energy: O, O2, O2 , O2+. Explain your answer.arrow_forwardspecies H (g) O(g) H2O (g) H2O2 (g) AH:° (kJ/mole) +218.0 +249.1 -241.8 1. (3H – ®YH¾ -136.4 Calculate the O-H bond energy in H2O. Use this to calculate the O-O bond energy in hydrogen peroxide, H-O-O-H. What is the bond energy in molecular oxygen? How does itcompare with that of H2O2? Comment.arrow_forwardIn addition to ammonia, nitrogen forms three other hydrides: hydrazine (N2H4), diazene (N2H2), and tetrazene (N4H4).(a) Use Lewis structures to compare the strength, length, and order of the nitrogen-nitrogen bonds in hydrazine, diazene, and N2.(b) Tetrazene (atom sequence H2NNNNH2) decomposes above 08C to hydrazine and nitrogen gas. Draw a Lewis structure for tetrazene, and calculate ΔH°rxn for this decomposition.arrow_forward
- QUESTION 5 (31 MARKS) (a) (i) Draw a pz orbital and a d?-y? orbital. (4) (ii) What are the differences between a 5pz orbital and a 4d-y² orbital in the H atom? (6) (b) (i) Draw the Lewis structure of methanol, CH3OH(8). (3) (ii) Show with a simple diagram how methanol dissolves in water. Explain. (2) (c) How does the energy and length of the carbon-oxygen bond in CH3OH(t) compare with the carbon-oxygen distance in carbon monoxide? Explain. (5) (d) Chemical bonds can be classified as polar covalent, according to and (3) (e) Chemical bonds can also be classified as single or number of according to the (2) (f) Draw the Lewis structure(s) for SO3F¯. Explain the structure which you have drawn. (6)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a resonance form of the species in the box? P(CH P(CH)2 OPCH: PICHs P(CHb II III IV O II O I and IV O O Oarrow_forwardIdentify the set of covalent bonds that shows the correct trend of increasing bond polarity. (A) H―F < H―Cl < H―Br < H―I; (B) H―C < H―N < H―O < H―F; (C) H―O < H―S < H―Se < H―Te; (D) H―C < H―Si < H―Ge < H―Sn;arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning