This section presents data process involved in data management and analysis, it discusses data entry, data cleaning and data analysis. The section starts with data entry where the data cleaning and analysis were presented thereafter. 3.14.1 Data entry Data entry refers to the process of recording data, regularly into a computer programmes (Rahm & Hai Do, 2010). During the evaluation, data were entered into computerised software packages to assist in analysis process. Quantitative data from questionnaires and documentary review were entered to stata software programme whereby qualitative data obtained from interviews were entered to Atlas.ti software. A verbatim (transcription) was performed to transform word by word audio recorded interview data to written a document (Creswell, 2007), which by then were translated from Swahili to English language before being entered into Atlas.ti where the local translator was consulted to review the interview transcript. 3.14.2 Data cleaning Data cleaning refers to systematic procedure to identify and correct data errors and inconsistencies and omit them to enhance quality of collected data for analysis (Rahm & Hai Do, 2010). In this evaluation all qualitative and quantitative data undergo cleaning process to ensure its consistency and accuracy. In this evaluation data cleaning for qualitative data involved a series of activities that included the followings as suggested by Miles and Huberman (1994): summarizing the qualitative
4. The key methods of collecting primary data (1.1). Justify the choice and application of data collection methods and research instruments to explore an area under investigation (2.3). Evaluate their relative strengths and weaknesses (2.4)
Step 2. Data Analysis: The data will be analyzed to determine database modeling. Step 3. Database normalization: Fields and
The research topic is selected, the testable research question is developed, research on the topic is found, the literature review is completed, and a decision is made on the research design. Now, one of the most important steps in the research process to accomplish is the collection of data. Notwithstanding the research project and whether the method of research is whether qualitative or quantitative, data must be collected. Data collection is essential whether the method of choice is a mail survey, a telephone survey, an interview, an experiment, field research, or secondary data analysis. Data collection is an important aspect of any research study. Inaccurate data can impact the results of a study and ultimately lead to invalid results. During the data collection step, a significant amount of time, energy and attention are required. In order to ensure the data collection process is valid and successful, one should adhere to the four steps involved: (1) the construction of a collection data form which is used to organize all data that is collected; (2) the designation of the coding strategy used to represent data on a data collection form; (3) the collection of the actual data; and (4) entry into the data collection form (Salkind, 2012).
Within these two categories there are different options in regards to risk and return levels, both of which run parallel to each other meaning the higher the risk the higher the rate of return. The below graph (Figure 3) shows the average one year return for each of the investment strategies.
The improved spreadsheets were inserted in the system with new datasets on testing basis for storing the patrons and organizations data that could be used for segmentation and decision making. Two team members were given the responsibility of transferring the old data of patrons into the system. I was assisting the team leader in reporting, tracking, fixing and retesting the defects in the system. It continued for a period of more than a week till the data management system reached the quality standards to reduce data redundancy to the minimum. The data backup and security measures were also monitored during this
In reference to the analysis process the author states that the interview were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Moreover, the investigator validated the data through multiple interviews and evaluated it for stability, consistency and dependability. For the detailed analysis the author used content analysis and constant comparative techniques. In addition to that a committee of experts performed an external audit to resolve the differences in the analysis process.
The methodology was described with the data collection method. Quantitative and qualitative questionnaire which consisted of closed questions with a choice of fixed answers and free text to enhance qualitative data were sent out in the form of mailshot, followed by telephone call to non-respondents and it was repeated for more wider sample results to gain more evidence to reduce bias (Parahoo, 2006).
Everyday businesses here at The Best Widget Incorporated involves working with various types of data. The need to manage the data to ensure that it is accurate while also ensuring that if follows and necessary laws is a requirement. To assist in ensuring all data is accurate and properly collected the use of data capture system will need to be deployed.
Data management is vital to any business as this is a key tool to an organisations business improvement, as you can refer back to data, and compare them against benchmarks. Analysing data can provide evidence for possible future structure such as identify trends, as well as indicate where improvements can be made. However there are strict procedures to be followed when collecting and storing data.
The idea of this assignment is to talk about the importance of managing data in any business activity, but specifically the one which is of most interest to us is related to HR practices: how to act when we manage data, how to collect this information and how to store the documents.
In general, there are several methods for data collection and the different data collection methods provided its own advantages and disadvantages (Sekaran 2003, p. 223). For carrying out the data collection, the appropriate methods should be applied. In the research, the data collection could be done through the interview, for example, face-to-face and telephone interview. To collect the data by using interview technique, the questionnaire is commonly employed as the instrument for gathering data, the questionnaire could be able to distribute by mail or electronic mail. In addition, the data collection could be conducted by observation of individuals with or without audio or video recording. Before choosing the methods for data collection the expertise of the researcher, the degree of accuracy required, time and resources must be taken into consideration. Thus,
This section of analysis includes the way a researcher distinguish and incorporate the collected data and the reflections a researcher produces about this data. Codes refer most often to ‘labels’ or ‘tags’ for attributing units of meaning to the inferential or descriptive data gathered in a particular research study (Miles and Huberman, 1994). Hence, it is notable from the definition above that this part of analysis plays an important role in qualitative data analysis; it is mostly based on the translation and symbolization of data into meaningful units.
3. Give three business examples (not mentioned in the text) of data that must be processed to provide useful information.
Data Collection is a vital aspect of any type of research study. Erroneous data collection can impact the results of a study and ultimately lead to invalid results. Data collection methods for impact evaluation vary along a scale. At the one end of this scale are quantitative methods and at the other end of the scale are Qualitative methods for data collection. Choosing a particular data collection method will depend on the accuracy of information they will yield and the practical considerations, such as, the need for personnel, time, equipment and other facilities, in relation to what is available
Data Warehousing and Data Mining has always been associated with manufacturing companies, where sales and profit is the main driving force. Subsequently Higher Education has grown throughout the years; this growth is predominately associated with the increase of online institutions. This growth has resulted in higher education to adapt to a more business like institution (Lazerson, 2000).