MBG110 04.12.2015
HOMEWORK II
Name: İsmail Serdar Taşkafa
ID: 21501927
1- (30 pts) There are many stages after transcription which regulate gene expression. What are these additional regulatory mechanisms? Describe each of these stages.
1- RNA processing: In eukaryotic cells, introns, non-coding regions of RNA, are removed and a tail and a cap is added to RNA to help its movement.
2- RNA transport: RNA is transferred from nucleus to ribosome to initiate translation.
3- Translation: According to the genetic information of mRNA, polypeptide is synthesized.
4- mRNA degradation: After translation, the used mRNA is degraded by miRNA’s.
2- (20 pts) a) What are DNA microarrays? In which areas are they used?
DNA microarray is a grid that is composed of spots that contains uniform DNA strands. DNA microarrays are used to identify which genes are expressed on a given cell type.
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RNA-Seq ( RNA sequencing) or whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing and serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE or superSAGE) can be used to detect changes in gene expression.
3- (30 pts) miRNAs, which are a class of small RNAs, can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in cancer. Explain one disease, other than cancer, that can be associated with miRNAs or other small RNAs.
MS (Multiple sclerosis) can be associated with miRNAs. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, mostly progressive neurodegenerative disease that involves damaging of nerve cells’ covering. In MS, microRNAs are disregulated in the immune
Global warming is not myth, but is a real thing. Scientists have proven that over and over global warming is real. According to scientific reports 11 out of 12 years have ranked among the warmest on record. This increase temperature has many effects on the environment. Global warming creates nature?s imbalance and it has big impact on weather. Global warming is big part of the reason for sudden heat waves, storms and floods. There are many causes for global warming, but two main causes are burning fossil fuel and deforestation. Both of these causes increase greenhouse gases in the environment which creates greenhouse effects, the scientific reason for global warming.
GenRays Matrix (A) ............................................................................................................................ 4 GenRays Project Charter (B) ....................................................................................................... 19 Project Title ............................................................................................................................................. 19 Purpose ................................................................................................................................................... 19 Description
Regional School Unit (RSU) #64 is comprised of an elementary, middle and high school within a small rural community in the town of Corinth, ME. This community is largely supported by agriculture and local business. However, it is about 20 miles from Bangor, ME, the closest city with numerous resources. Unfortunately, this distance restricts Corinth residents with a lack of transportation from having access to these resources. Inadequate knowledge and awareness of health care promotion and prevention methods also have adverse results on community health. Whether the resource be obtaining a pair of glasses or medication from a pharmacy, even the seemingly effortless tasks can present challenges and go to show that members of this community suffer disparity due to their rural location.
Casey Toner from AL.COM writes, Sexually transmitted disease (STD) cases for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis in Alabama are nearly double the national average (2014). STDs cost the United States an estimated 15.6 billion dollars a year and is one of the most commonly reported diseases. Adolescents, persons of color, and MSM (Males having sex with males) are at the greatest risk for acquiring STDs. The CDC reports that half of all reported STDs are acquired by adolescents between the ages of 15 and 24.
This is an assessment about Hickory County, Missouri population. The goal is to assess the effects of disabilities or homeless influences and the health literacy of a population. I choose this County because I have a lot of relative lives in this area, and I have been over this county to visit them so many times. This is a very interesting county for me to do a research on. For an accurate research data, there are several methods have been utilized to obtain assessment data, including media resources, call the county public health department, and run a search of articles from a local newspaper and records.
She was referred to a diabetes care team for specialist treatment and monitoring when she was diagnosed with diabetes as diabetes can’t be cured but treated. Because its on-going the treatment is to ensure that her blood glucose level is as normal as possible, to control her symptoms and to prevent health problems developing later in life. Because Rhea’s body doesn't produce insulin, she needs regular insulin injections to keep her glucose levels normal as diabetes can cause serious long-term health problems. For example, it's the most common cause of blindness in people of working age. Because of this Rhea is encouraged to have her eyes screened at least once a year for diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes is also the reason for many cases of kidney
Our program provides a great foundation in influencing children’s health, which in turn fosters important areas of development, which children need in order to grow healthy and ready to succeed in school. This involves a joint collaboration between the program, families and the community by providing essential services to the children that include a nutritional meal plan, health and related services such as screenings for children and services for children that are ill.
Monica Lowe (Daughter telephone call on 7/19/15). Monica stated that she and her mother had a good relationship while she was growing up. She stated that her mother has always been supportive of her and continues to be to this day. Monica stated that she rarely received spankings, as her mother will take non-essential items from her instead. Monica reported that she rarely seen her mother drank excessive alcohol or use any illegal; drugs. She stated that her mother watches her children when needed, and reported no incidents ever occurring. Monica also stated that she does not have any knowledge of CPS ever being involved in their home growing up. Monica stated that she supports the placement and believes
The article, Keep Privacy in Health Records, was written by the Monitor's Editorial Board on February 2, 2009. It condemns some of the provisions of a House Bill that was passed by the ACLU and other privacy groups. According to this bill, data encryption would ensure that authorized persons are barred from accessing patient’s health records in the institution. Audit trails are also crucial in determining and tracking who accessed the records, at what time and what type of information did he/she get. Lastly, the patients should be allowed to see their records to improve their notification and strengthen enforcement in health institutions. However, despite these initiatives to improve accountability and confidentiality of patient’s records in most institutions, the board believes that the bill has not solved some of the privacy issues as far as patient health records are concerned.
Rivers can help develop different civilizations such as the Nile River. This great river measures thirty five hundred miles through many different countries (Orlin, 2010). The Nile helped to bring life, security and dictated how the people planned activities throughout the year. For example, the farmers would seed the land after the Nile would start swell and then recede to its normal banks (Orlin, 2010). This helped the seedlings to grow and then produce bountiful harvest. The Nile provided security for the Egyptian people by allowing the reeds and natural grasses around the bank of the river (Orlin, 2010). This would allow any enemy that wanted to attack to not
The need to provide mental health services to culturally diverse clients has increased over the past couple of years due to the increase in racial and ethnic diversity in the United Sates. Consequently, there is a need for mental health professionals to offer effective interventions that address social issues that accompany racial and ethnic diversity (Constantine, Hage, Kindaichi, & Bryant, 2007). Research shows that efforts are being made to implement social justice advocacy strategies and interventions into counseling practices. This growing movement calls for counselors to be agents and advocates for social justice, oppression, and discrimination (Ratts & Hutchins, 2009). Social justice counseling approaches focus on empowering the individual by actively confronting injustices and inequalities that affects clients in their systemic frameworks (Pedersen, Lonner, Draguns, Trimble, & Rio, 2015).
Data plays an important role in this research. Collecting adequate and accurate data is paramount. Prior to data collection, requirements have to be established on what statistics are required for research. To build an accurate simulation model, each detail within the process has to be captured. Process maps have been put together to capture the patient flow and understand resource utilization as various types of patients use different resources for statistically variable amount of time.
The advantages of the use of secondary data in needs assessment, design and implementation of intervention measures, and policy changes are numerous. Secondary data are less expensive, this implies that time, money and other resources are saved (Healey & Zimmerman, 2010). My focus for this discussion is Case Study 2, which addressed the health needs assessment of the Waupaca County. Waupaca County, Wisconsin is a rural community of over 50,000 residents (Gilmore, 2012). Given that, it is a popular tourist location, and the survey given had a clause of “do not complete if you are not a city resident”, there exists a chance that all data obtained by primary sources might not be without errors, as tourists might erroneously fill out the survey. Consequently, the secondary method I will apply to collection of data is the use of the American Fact Finder from the United States Census Bureau (n.d.).
I don’t have an issue discontinuing the practice of doing monthly physical counts on 100% of the inventory and going to a random, cycle count procedure where small numbers of items are counting over time with a goal of cycling through the inventory quarterly. I would request that the managers provide documentation to Bill of the items counted, even if it doesn’t result in an inventory adjustment. This can be done in a quick email identifying the items counted each week and the results of those counts. The purpose would be to document the cycle count process as part of our internal control of inventory. Much like we do on the upholstery side, Bill could supply a summary of the items counted in a given time period and the results of those
I met with Dr. Slack Tuesday regarding the SRCL inventory that has to be kept post SRCL. Because materials were purchased with federal funds inventory must be kept up to 5 years. She did tell me that possibly a check would happen within the first 3 years after the end of the grant. At this point I think we have a couple of options and I will defer to your suggestions: