Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at
Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.
When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.
If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.
(b)
Interpretation: It has to be identified whether
Concept Introduction:
Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the
Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.
The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.
Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.
(c)
Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of
Concept Introduction:
Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.
Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.
(d)
Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.
(e)
Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of
Concept Introduction:
Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.
When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- What is the enthalpy change when a 1.00-kg block of dry ice, CO2(s), sublimes at 78 C? The enthalpy of sublimation of CO2(s) is 26.9 kJ/mol. Is this process exothermic or endothermic?arrow_forward5-106 The normal boiling point of hexane, C6H14, is 69°C, and that of pentane, C5H12, is 36°C. Predict which of these compounds has a higher vapor pressure at 20°C.arrow_forwardOf the four general types of solids, which one(s) (a) are generally low-boiling? (b) are ductile and malleable? (c) are generally soluble in nonpolar solvents?arrow_forward
- A 1.40-g sample of polyethylene, a common plastic, is dissolved in enough organic solvent to give 100.0 mL of solution. What is the average molar mass of the polymer if the measured osmotic pressure of the solution is 1.86 mm Hg at 25 C?arrow_forwardChloroform, CHCl3, has a normal boiling point of 61C. Its vapor pressure at 43C is 0.526 atm. What is the concentration (in g/L) of CHCl3 when it saturates the air at 27C?arrow_forwardPredict which liquid—glycerol, HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH, or hexane, C6H14—has the greater surface tension. Explain your prediction.arrow_forward
- The vapor pressure of ethanol, C2H5OH, at 50.0 C is 233 mmHg, and its normal boiling point at 1 atm is 78.3 C. Calculate the vapH of ethanol.arrow_forwardA 1.50-g sample of methanol (CH3OH) is placed in an evacuated 1.00-L container at 30 C. (a) Calculate the pressure in the container if all of the methanol is vaporized. (Assume the ideal gas law, PV = nRT.) (b) The vapor pressure of methanol at 30 C is 158 torr. What mass of methanol actually evaporates? Is liquid in equilibrium with vapor in the vessel?arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning