Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The appearance of the system when water is placed in a thick- walled glass tube whose internal volume is
Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.
When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.
If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.
(b)
Interpretation: The pressure in the tube when water is placed in a thick- walled glass tube whose internal volume is
Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.
When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.
If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.
(c)
Interpretation: Volume of the liquid water in the tube has to be identified.
Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.
When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.
If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.
Volume of liquid=
(d)
Interpretation:
Mass of water in the vapor state has to be calculated.
Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.
When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.
If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- A 0.265 g sample of a metal, M, reacts completely with sulfuric acid according to M(s) + H,SO,(aq) → MSO,(aq) + H,(g) A volume of 277 mL of hydrogen is collected over water; the water level in the collecting vessel is the same as the outside level. Atmospheric pressure is 756.0 Torr, and the temperature is 25 °C. The vapor pressure of water at 25 °C is 23.8 Torr. Calculate the molar mass of the metal. molar mass: g/molarrow_forwardIn an experiment, 5.00 L of N₂ is saturated with water va-por at 22°C and then compressed to half its volume at constant T.(a) What is the partial pressure of H₂O in the compressed gasmixture? (b) What mass of water vapor condenses to liquid?arrow_forwardA mole of air, (80.0% N2 and 20.0% O2, by volume) at 24.8oC is brought into contact with liquid water which has a vapor pressure of 3118 Pa at this temperature. (A) What is the volume of the dry air, if the pressure is 1 bar? (B) What is the final volume of the air saturated with water vapor, if the total pressure is kept as 1 bar? (C) What is the mole fraction of each gas in the moist air?arrow_forward
- What is the pressure (in bar) of a 4.50 L tank with 2.00 moles of oxygen at 39.3 °C? R= 0.08314 L·bar/mol· K.arrow_forwardThe partial pressure of O2 in the atmosphere at sea level is 21.3 kPa. What is the partial pressure of O2 on the top of a mountain, where the atmospheric pressure is 89.7 kPa? [Atmospheric pressure at sea level is 101.3 kPa.]arrow_forwardA sample of volume 18.3 L has a mass of 57.9 g.(a) Is the material gaseous or condensed?(b) If the molar mass of the material is 123 g mol-1 , calculate its molar volume.arrow_forward
- Chlorine dioxide, ClO2, is sometimes used as a chlorinating agent for water treatment. It can be prepared via: [Cl2(g) + 4NaClO(aq) ( 4NaCl(aq) + 2ClO2(g)]. In an experiment, 1.0 L Cl2(g), measured at 10.0°C and 4.66 atm, is bubbled and dissolved in 0.750 L of 2.00 M NaClO(aq). If 25.9 g of pure ClO2 is obtained, what is the percent yield for this experiment? Use Cl = 35.45; Na = 22.99, O = 16.00. Hint: Identify the limiting reactant.arrow_forwardA 0.640 g sample of a metal, M, reacts completely with sulfuric acid according to M(s) + H,SO,(aq) – MSO, (aq) + H,(g) A volume of 291 mL of hydrogen is collected over water; the water level in the collecting vessel is the same as the outside level. Atmospheric pressure is 756.0 Torr, and the temperature is 25 °C. The vapor pressure of water at 25 °C is 23.8 Torr. Calculate the molar mass of the metal. molar mass: g/mol Question Source: McQuarrie, Rock, And Gallogly 4e - General Chemsitry | Pubarrow_forwardA 0.483 g sample of a metal, M, reacts completely with sulfuric acid according to M(s) + H,SO,(aq) MSO, (aq) + H, (g) A volume of 209 mL of hydrogen is collected over water; the water level in the collecting vessel is the same as the outside level. Atmospheric pressure is 756.0 Torr, and the temperature is 25 °C. The vapor pressure of water at 25 °C is 23.8 Torr. Calculate the molar mass of the metal. molar mass: g/molarrow_forward
- The partial pressure of water vapor in saturated air at 34 °C is 5.25×10-2 atm. (a) How many molecules of water are in 1.16 cm3 of saturated air at 34 °C? (b) What volume of saturated air at 34 °C contains 0.563 mol of water?arrow_forwardNeon and HF have approximately the same molecular masses.(a) Explain why the boiling points of Neon and HF differ.(b) Compare the change in the boiling points of Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe with the change of the boiling points of HF, HCl, HBr, and HI, and explain the difference between the changes with increasing atomic or molecular mass.arrow_forwardNatural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6). A typical mixture might have mole fraction of methane = 0.915 and mole fraction of ethane = 0.085. (a) What are the partial pressure of the two gases in a 14.10 L container of natural gas at 30 degrees Celcius and 1.34 atm? (b) Assuming complete combustion of both gases in the natural gas sample, what is the total mass of water formed? Hint: Write the balanced combustion chemical equation for each gas separately in the gas mixture to find the mass of water formed.arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning