Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 10TYU
WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION You have seen many examples of how form fits function at all levels of the biological hierarchy. However, we can imagine forms that would function better than some forms actually found in nature. For example, if the wings of a bird were not formed from its forelimbs, such a hypothetical bird could fly yet also hold objects with its forelimbs. In a short essay (100-150 words), use the concept of "evolution as tinkering" to explain why there are limits to the functionality of forms in nature.
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. Structure and function is a central theme to the study of biology. Each major group of
organisms has evolved its own body part “tool kit" – a collection of structures that have
evolved in ways that make specific functions possible. From capturing food to digesting
it, and from reproducing to breathing, organisms use structures that have evolved into
different forms as species have adapted to life in different environments. The structure
of wings, for example enable birds and insects to fly. The structures of legs enable
horses to gallop and kangaroos to hop.
a. Think about your own teeth. What kinds of foods do you think human teeth are
suited for?
b. List at least three ways the structure of human teeth serves the function of
eating these food materials.
c. Now, finally apply the theme of structure and function to something you're very
familiar with - your hands. List out all the ways you can think of that the
structure of your hands serve the function of your hands.
WRITE ABOUT A THEME: Organization You have seenmany examples of how form fits function at all levels of thebiological hierarchy. However, we can imagine forms thatwould function better than some forms actually found innature. For example, if the wings of a bird were not formedfrom its forelimbs, such a hypothetical bird could fly yet alsohold objects with its forelimbs. In a short essay (100–150words), use the concept of “evolution as tinkering” to explainwhy there are limits to the functionality of forms in nature.
Scientific Thought:
"In evolutionary relationships using the evidences of evolution, the more closely related the
species are, the more similar their DNA sequences.
Provide concrete evidence through illustration to prove your answer. You may use other
ways to show your answer.
Chapter 25 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 25.1 - What hypothesis did Miller test in his classic...Ch. 25.1 - How would the appearance of protocells have...Ch. 25.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In changing from an "RNA world"...Ch. 25.2 - Describe an example from the fossil record that...Ch. 25.2 - WHAT IF? Your measurements indicate that a...Ch. 25.3 - The first appearance of free oxygen in the...Ch. 25.3 - What evidence supports the hypothesis that...Ch. 25.3 - WHAT IF? What would a fossil record of life today...Ch. 25.4 - Explain the consequences of plate tectonics for...Ch. 25.4 - What factors promote adaptive radiations?
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.5 - Explain how new body forms can originate by...Ch. 25.5 - Why is it likely that Hox genes have played a...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.6 - How can the Darwinian concept of descent with...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25 - Describe the roles that montmorillonite clay and...Ch. 25 - What are the challenges of estimating the ages of...Ch. 25 - What is the "Cambrian explosion," and why is it...Ch. 25 - Explain how the broad evolutionary changes seen in...Ch. 25 - How could changes in a Single gene or DNA region...Ch. 25 - Explain the reasoning behind the Statement...Ch. 25 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. Fossilized...Ch. 25 - The oxygen revolution changed Earth's environment...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 25 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Describe how gene flow,...Ch. 25 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 25 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION You have seen...Ch. 25 - Prob. 11TYU
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- A skeptic of evolution asks the following question – “If humans evolved from monkeys, why are there still monkeys?” Use your understanding of primate evolution to explain to this individual why their view of primate evolution is skewed. Reference examples.arrow_forwardWhy is intelligent design (ID) a flawed argument? Select the statement that is FALSE. There is no way through experiments or observations to falsify the hypothesis of an Intelligent Designer. ID assumes that each molecular machinery is built from scratch, which is not true; existing proteins are often re-used. OID and evolution are both valid hypotheses, but over the years we have found more evidence pointing toward evolution. O ID assumes that systems are irreducibly complex, and that individual components cannot be removed, even though several examples exist of 'irreducibly complex' systems being reduced. en 0 3 $ 35 % ^ 6 18 & * 8 9 44 Indoor Playground with wheelsarrow_forwardMake a concept map: What are the 4 types of evidence for evolution? Explain and upload pictures.arrow_forward
- Natural Selection: Imagine that a population of insects with Malpighian tubules evolved from ancestors lacking these structures. Explain how this may have occured via natural selection. In your answer be sure to address all of the key points discussed in class as being necessary to describe evolution by natural selectionarrow_forwardExplain why the following statement are incorrect.. rewrite them to make it correct 1) evolution is just a theory 2) evolution cannot involve complex organs Please answer asap and type your answer and content should not be palgarised please answer asaparrow_forwardDarwin's concept of evolution "the theory of decent with modification through variation and natural selection" can best be demonstrated by which of the following examples? a. A giraffe stretches his neck to reach higher branches. The exercise of stretching up strengthens the muscles in the giraffe's neck and legs. This ability to stretch is also seen in the giraffe's offspring. b. A monkey accidentally drops her fruit in the salty water of a bay. She recovers the fruit and eats it. She discovers the fruit is cleaner and tastes better after it has been in the salty water. She continues to wash the fruit in the bay before eating it. Her offspring see what she has done and also wash their fruit in the salty water. Soon, the whole population of monkeys is washing their fruit. c. Several turtles hatch from a clutch of eggs buried in the sand on a beach. One of the turtles is the color of the sand; the others are darker in color. The turtles scurry toward the water,…arrow_forward
- Discuss whether changes to an organism's physical environment are likely to result in evolutionary change. Use examples to support your reasoning. Second, using at least two examples, explain how the process of evolution is revealed by the imperfections of living organismsarrow_forward(Steps to 1 question) 1.Explain the difference between the popular and scientific use of the word 'theory.' What is the relationship between a 'fact' and a 'theory' according to Gould 2.List and explain the three reasons that Gould and other scientists can feel 'confident' that evolution occurred. 3.How does Gould feel about Scientific Creationists, and what does he suggest be done by scientists? What do you think about his perspective? 4. there are six big events in human evolution. Which of these do you feel is the most significant and why? 5. What are your thoughts on the compatibility of science and religion? Is there any way to make religion more scientific, or science more spiritual? if so, would that be a good idea? What is the future of this debate or conflict, in your opinion? Any comments/feedback/critiques on the two video clips in module 1?arrow_forwardINTERPRET DATA Which of the primates in Figure 18-18 is the most distantly related to humans? Explain your answer. Figure 18-18 Differences in DNA nucleotide sequences as evidence of evolutionary relationships Comparing the same gene in different organisms provides a window into evolution. Here the differences in the non-protein-coding region of the -globin gene are compared between humans and other primates. Evolutionary biologists are rapidly expanding such studies from comparing one or several genes to comparing entire genomes.arrow_forward
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