Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To write: The volcanic eruptions of the Permian period and Pangaea formation.
Introduction: There are five mass extinctions that are documented so far in the fossil record over a period of 500 million years ago. The fossil record of mass extinction is mainly from the hard-bodied animals in shallow seas. During this event, about 50% of marine species have become extinct.
The Permian and Cretaceous mass extinction received an important attention, since the mass extinction happened between the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic periods. During this event, about 96% of marine animal species drastically altered their life in the ocean.
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Below are some key events that took place during the long history of life on Earth. Arrange them in the correct sequence:
First land plants (kingdom Plantae)
First eukaryotic life (domain Eukarya)
Adaptive radiation of mammals (class Mammalia)
Evolution of chloroplasts
Cambrian explosion
First aerobic organisms (those that utilize cellular respiration)
First land vertebrates (tetrapods)
First multicellular organisms
First living cells
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Based on the given figure, answer the
following questions
(Note: BYA=Billion Years ago; MYA= Million
years ago)
The oldest eukaryote might be dated back to?
Each day represents how many years?
When did the first prokaryotic fossil exist?
When did photosynthesis first emerged?
The multicellular organisms appeared?
~1.5 BYA ~2.5 BYA ~10 BYA
~3.5 BYA
~150 MY
~50 MY
~1 MY
~4.5 MYA ~ 10 MYA
~1 BYA
We have looked at what the fossil record can tell us about the amazing History of Life on Earth. We've examined the evidence for an early origin for life in the sea, 3800 million years, and investigated how life invaded life about 500 million years. We've also discussed the subsequent boom in life that massively increased biodiversity but also noted how the History of Life is frequently punctuated by mass extinctions. Today we stand on the threshold of a new mass extinction event. The biodiversity that we take for granted and that sustains humans is threatened to a degree only rarely seen in 4500 million years of Earth History.
NOW TO CONCLUDE, ANSWER THE QUESTION.
1. ARE WE ON THE BRINK OF A MASS EXTINCTION? WHAT WOULD BE THE CONSEQUENCES FOR SOCIETY OF LOSING HALF OF ALL SPECIES BY 2100? ARE THERE ACTIONS THAT WE CAN TAKE AS INDIVIDUALS AND AS SOCIETY TO HELP PROTECT LIFE ON EARTH?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 25.1 - What hypothesis did Miller test in his classic...Ch. 25.1 - How would the appearance of protocells have...Ch. 25.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In changing from an "RNA world"...Ch. 25.2 - Describe an example from the fossil record that...Ch. 25.2 - WHAT IF? Your measurements indicate that a...Ch. 25.3 - The first appearance of free oxygen in the...Ch. 25.3 - What evidence supports the hypothesis that...Ch. 25.3 - WHAT IF? What would a fossil record of life today...Ch. 25.4 - Explain the consequences of plate tectonics for...Ch. 25.4 - What factors promote adaptive radiations?
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.5 - Explain how new body forms can originate by...Ch. 25.5 - Why is it likely that Hox genes have played a...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.6 - How can the Darwinian concept of descent with...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25 - Describe the roles that montmorillonite clay and...Ch. 25 - What are the challenges of estimating the ages of...Ch. 25 - What is the "Cambrian explosion," and why is it...Ch. 25 - Explain how the broad evolutionary changes seen in...Ch. 25 - How could changes in a Single gene or DNA region...Ch. 25 - Explain the reasoning behind the Statement...Ch. 25 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. Fossilized...Ch. 25 - The oxygen revolution changed Earth's environment...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 25 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Describe how gene flow,...Ch. 25 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 25 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION You have seen...Ch. 25 - Prob. 11TYU
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