Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259709999
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 6, Problem 1A
A worker in a cheese-making facility argues that whey, a nutrient-rich byproduct of cheese, should be dumped in a nearby pond where it could serve as fish food. Explain why this proposed action could actually kill the fish by depleting the O2 in the pond.
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In aerobic respiration, cells generate heat as they grow. The amount of heat generated by cells
is proportional to the amount of oxygen they consume. Accordingly, it was found that 460 kJ is generated
per gmol of O2 consumed.
Suppose that you need to choose a fermenter for optimal growth of Bacillus subtilis cells. It is known that
the maximum oxygen demand of B. subtilis is 100 mol m3 h1. A vendor offers you a reactor with a
cylindrical shape (2.8 m in diameter) and 15 m³ volume. The reactor includes a cooling coil with 30 m
length and a pipe diameter of 6 cm, through which. For practical purposes, power input by the rotating
impeller inside the bioreactor can be neglected.
Does this reactor meet the cooling requirements of your production process?
Note: If you think you need more information than you are provided with here to solve this problem, use
online resources to find the required information. In this case, please state your source clearly.
Note: You may assume that the…
A worker in a cheese-making facility argues that whey, a nutrient-rich by-product of cheese, should be dumped in a nearby pond where it could serve as fish food. Explain why this proposed action could actually kill the fish by depleting the O2 in the pond.
A microorganism is grown in a fermenter under steady-state conditions. The
microorganism growth follows Monod kinetics and the following stoichiometric
equation:
C3H6O3 +a O2 +b NH3 → c biomass + d CO2 + e H₂O
Given that the biomass yield is 0.415 grams of biomass per gram of substrate,
determine the respiratory quotient.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Ch. 6 - Explain the difference between catabolism and...Ch. 6 - How does ATP serve as a carrier of free energy?Ch. 6 -
3. How do enzymes catalyze chemical reactions?
Ch. 6 - Explain how precursor molecules are involved in...Ch. 6 -
5. How do cells regulate enzyme activity?
Ch. 6 - Why do the electrons carried by FADH2 result in...Ch. 6 -
7. Name three food products produced with the aid...Ch. 6 - In photosynthesis, what is encompassed by the term...Ch. 6 - Unlike the cyanobacteria, the anoxygenic...Ch. 6 - What is the role of transamination in amino acid...
Ch. 6 - Which of these factors do does not affect enzyme...Ch. 6 - Which of the following statements is false?...Ch. 6 - Based on the name, NADH dehydrogenase is a) a...Ch. 6 - What is the end product of glycolysis? a) Glucose...Ch. 6 -
5. The central metabolic pathway(s) is/are
a)...Ch. 6 - Which of these pathways gives a cell the potential...Ch. 6 - In fermentation, the terminal electron acceptor is...Ch. 6 -
8. In the process of oxidative phosphorylation,...Ch. 6 - If a bacterium loses the ability to produce FADH2,...Ch. 6 - Degradation of fats as an energy source involves...Ch. 6 -
1. A worker in a cheese-making facility argues...Ch. 6 -
2. Scientists working with DNA in vitro often...Ch. 6 -
1. A student argued that aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 6 - Chemolithotrophs near hydrothermal vents support a...
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- In the sediments at the bottoms of ponds and lakes, there is often absolutely no O2 at depths of 0.5 cm or more, even if the water above is rich in O2. How is this possible? (Do not put answer from chegg thanks).arrow_forwardPart a) Which graph has the largest kcat? Please explain. Part b) Which graph has the tightest substrate binding? Please explain. Part c) Which graph has the largest specificity or efficiency constant? Please explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the statements about alcohol producing fermentation is FALSE? a) Lactic acid may be produced as a byproduct b) It produces CO2 c) It allows the cell to continue producing ATP when oxygen is low d) It generates more ATP than aerobic respirationarrow_forward
- If you were to ferment grapes into wine in an organism that did not have NADH, what would likely be produced from the glucose that is consumed? a) Pyruvate b) Acetaldehydearrow_forwardWhere is most of the water in this reaction produced? C6H1206 +60₂6CO₂ + 6H₂O O A) A) glycolysis B) electron transport chain C) fermentation OD) TCA cyclearrow_forwardChoose the conditions when PDH is activated. a) acetyl CoA/CoA ratio is high b) NAD+/NADH ratio is low c) the mitochondrial Ca2+ level is high d) ADP/ATP ratio is low e) the energy charge is higharrow_forward
- What are the different steps in oxidative phosphorylation? Which one is correct. a) The electron transport chain b) The investment phase c) ATP seemed d) The energy generation phase e) Glucolysis f) The fission phasearrow_forwardMention the importance of the Cori cycle. Draw an outlinearrow_forwardf) Final electron acceptor is an electronegative molecule g) NAD* is regenerated through the reduction of another molecule h) ATP is generated through oxidative phosphorylation i) Uses NAD* as an electron acceptor| i) Occurs in the presence of oxygen k) Final electron acceptor is an organic molecule I) Creates a gradient across a membrane to store energy А, В m) Only produces two ATP molecules per glucose molecule n) Uses chemiosmosis to drive ATP synthesisarrow_forward
- Name the gas used for making vegetable ghee?arrow_forwardFermentation can most accurately be described by which of these? a) The reoxidation of NADH by an electron transport chain. b) A process that occurs in the absence of oxygen. c) An energy producing process found in all anaerobes. d) The direct reoxidation of NADH by an internal organic molecule. e) The use of a terminal electron acceptor other than oxygen.arrow_forwardExplain this krebs cyclearrow_forward
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