Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259709999
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 6, Problem 5MC
The central
a) glycolysis and the TCA cycle only.
b) glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway.
c) glycolysis only.
d) glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway only.
e) the TCA cycle only. page 177
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The central metabolic pathways area) glycolysis and the TCA cycle only.b) glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway.c) glycolysis only.d) glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway only.e) the TCA cycle only.
The major control enzyme in glycolysis is: a) hexokinase b) phosphofructokinase c) aldolase d) pyruvate kinase
In step 4, when fructose-1,6-biphosphate is cleaved, the two molecules formed are: a) GAP and DHAP b) GAP and 3-PG c) 3-PG and 2-PG d) PEP and pyruvate
NAD is used in which step? A) conversion of DHAP to GAP b) conversion of GAP to 1,3-BPG c) conversion of 1,3-BPG to 3-PG d) conversion of PEP to pyrunate
The number of ATP molecules formed at the substrate level in glycolysis is: a) 1 B) 2 c) 3 d) 5
The number of ATP molecules formed indirectly via oxidative phosphorylation in glycolysis is: a) 1 B) 2 c) 3 d) 5
10) The glycerol phosphate shuttle functions in.
A) Lipid catabolism
C) Anaerobic glycolysis for the regeneration of NAD
8) Triglyceride synthesis
D) Aerobic glycolysis to transport NAH equivalents resulting from glycolysis into
mitochondria.
11) In muscles, the pyruvate is converted into lactate. Find the correct statement
A) During lactate formation, NADH is reconverted into NAD
B) During the product of lactate two AT are produced
C) Lactate is the substrate from the downstream pathway
D) Lactate acts as the substrate for the formation of amino acid
12) Which of the following regulates lipolysis in adipocytes
A) Activation of fatty acid synthesis mediated by CAMP
8) Glycerol phosphorylation to prevent futile esterification of fatty acids
C) Activation of triglyceride lipase as a result of hormone stimulated increases in cAMP levels
D) Activation of cAMP production by Insulin
13) Glycolysis consists of three irreversible steps. Which of the following enzyme catalyzes the reaction are…
Chapter 6 Solutions
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Ch. 6 - Explain the difference between catabolism and...Ch. 6 - How does ATP serve as a carrier of free energy?Ch. 6 -
3. How do enzymes catalyze chemical reactions?
Ch. 6 - Explain how precursor molecules are involved in...Ch. 6 -
5. How do cells regulate enzyme activity?
Ch. 6 - Why do the electrons carried by FADH2 result in...Ch. 6 -
7. Name three food products produced with the aid...Ch. 6 - In photosynthesis, what is encompassed by the term...Ch. 6 - Unlike the cyanobacteria, the anoxygenic...Ch. 6 - What is the role of transamination in amino acid...
Ch. 6 - Which of these factors do does not affect enzyme...Ch. 6 - Which of the following statements is false?...Ch. 6 - Based on the name, NADH dehydrogenase is a) a...Ch. 6 - What is the end product of glycolysis? a) Glucose...Ch. 6 -
5. The central metabolic pathway(s) is/are
a)...Ch. 6 - Which of these pathways gives a cell the potential...Ch. 6 - In fermentation, the terminal electron acceptor is...Ch. 6 -
8. In the process of oxidative phosphorylation,...Ch. 6 - If a bacterium loses the ability to produce FADH2,...Ch. 6 - Degradation of fats as an energy source involves...Ch. 6 -
1. A worker in a cheese-making facility argues...Ch. 6 -
2. Scientists working with DNA in vitro often...Ch. 6 -
1. A student argued that aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 6 - Chemolithotrophs near hydrothermal vents support a...
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- d) What enzymes of glycolysis are bypassed in gluconeogenesis? e) What enzymes are unique to gluconeogenesis? f) What enzymes are the sites of regulation in gluconeogenesis? g) Describe how glycolysis & gluconeogenesis are reciprocally regulated.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of the steps of glycolysis which yield pyruvate as the end product? a) They all occur in the cytoplasm. b) They all occur in the mitochondria. c) They occur primarily in the mitochondria. d) They occur primarily in the cytoplasm.arrow_forwardDuring the metabolism of glucose in anaerobic cells, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is essential to allow glycolysis to continue. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of pyruvate to lactate. Why is this so essential? OA) It lowers the pH. B) It re-oxidizes NADH to NAD+. C) Lactate stimulates hexokinase activity. D) Pyruvate inhibits pyruvate kinase.arrow_forward
- Select which of the following enzymes unique to glycolysis are also sites of regulation for glycolysis. Select all that apply. a) glyceraldehyde 3 P dehydrogenase b) PFK c) pyruvate kinase d) hexokinase e) enolase f) phosphoglycerate mutasearrow_forwardDEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS: a) Gluconeogenesis b) Glycolysis c) Citric Acid Cycle Please explain this in-detailed and longer, thank you.arrow_forwardName a compound that can serve as a raw material for gluconeogenesis and is from the a.) glycolytic pathway ) from the citric acid cycle c.) an amino acid. Glucose is the only carbohydrate that the brain can use for energy. Which pathway is mobilized to supply the need of the brain during starvation?: a.) glycolysis b.) gluconeogenesis or c.) glycogenesis? Explain. The end product of glycolysis, pyruvate, cannot enter as such into the citric acid cycle. Which process converts this C3 compound to a C2 compound? Of the 36 molecules of ATP produced by the complete metabolism of glucose, how many are produced directly in glycolysis alone, that is, before the common pathway? Based on the names of the enzymes participating in glycolysis, what would be the name of the enzyme catalyzing the activation of glycerol?arrow_forward
- The first step in glycogenolysis (or the catabolism of glycogen) is the formation of: O A) fructose-1-phosphate. ○ B) fructose-6-phosphate. O C) glucose-1-phosphate. ◇ D) glucose-6-phosphate.arrow_forwardGlycolysis consists of three irreversible steps. Which of the following enzyme- catalyzed reaction are not irreversible steps in glycolysis? a) Hexokinase Ob) Phosphofructokinase Oc) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate kinase Od) Pyruvate kinasearrow_forwardGlycogenolysis requires which of the following combination of enzymes? A) Glycogen synthase and branching enzyme. OB) Glycogen synthase, x-1,6-glucosidase, and debranching enzyme. OC) Glycogen phosphorylase, x-1,6-glucosidase, and branching enzyme. OD) Glycogen phosphorylase, x-1,6-glucosidase, and debranching enzyme.arrow_forward
- Glycogen is the major animal storage polysaccharide, and is a polymer of glucose. a) List ALL the biochemical steps involved in storing GLUCOSE as glycogen b) Give NAME/S of the ENZYMES involved in EACH listed step c) What PULLS the reaction forward? d) Give the NAME of the tissue where these steps occur. (HINT: remember glycogen is branched chain).arrow_forwardWhat enzyme will be used if only the non-oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway is operating to produce ribose 5-phosphate? a) 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase b) 6-phosphoglucono-lactonase c) glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase d) transketolasearrow_forward1- The precursor to glycogen in the glycogen synthase reaction is: A) Glucose-1-P.B) Glucose-6-P.C) UDP-glucose.D) UTP-glucose. E) None of the above. 2- Aerobic respiration is a pathway involving a series of reactions.What is the final reaction in the pathway: A) the synthesis of ATP.B) the oxidation of cytochrome.C) the reduction of oxygen to water.D) the formation of carbon dioxide.arrow_forward
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