Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 17, Problem 67TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason for retention of the genes that are responsible for the mitochondrial electron transport protein in the genome of the mitochondria.
Introduction:
A mitochondrion is a double-membraned organelle present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells. It is ovoid in shape and 0.5 to 10 micrometer (μm) in size. The number of mitochondria varies from cell to cell. The electron transport proteins are the special kind of proteins required for the transport of electrons in the electron transport chain (ETC) of the mitochondria.
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QUESTION 8
Consider the pathway for the synthesis of the amino acid arginine in Neurospora:
ARG-E
→ citrulline
ARG-F
ARG-H
ornithine
argininosuccinate arginine
Mutant strains of Neurospora may carry one or more mutations. Neurospora mutant strain b is grown on minimal media plus supplements as shown.
Growth is shown by (+) and no growth is shown by (o).
Supplements
ornithine
mutant nothing
citrulline
arginino-
succinate
arginine
strain
What can you conclude from these data?
O Strain a has only one mutation and it is in ARG-E.
O Strain b has only one mutation and it is in ARG-H.
O Strain a has a mutation in ARG-F and strain b has a mutation in ARG-E.
O Strain b has mutations in ARG-E, ARG-F, and ARG-H.
+ +
The eukaryotic mRNA is protected from degradation by a 3′ _____________.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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- Question 1. Enzymes, proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) macromolecules. Enzymes are not only speed up the reaction, but also are necessary for DNA repreduction. are important biological a) Compare the process of protein synthesis between eukaryote mRNA and viral RNA b) With the aid of a diagram, draw an adapter molecule that recognizes the codons of mRNA and explain its functions in DNA translation.arrow_forwardQuestion 45 When TRNAS and rRNAs have bases that H-bonds with other bases far apart from each other, the RNA molecules assume its secondary and tertiary structure. A) True B) Falsearrow_forwardNoncoding DNA sequences are called __________________.arrow_forward
- Sequence changes in DNA are called ______________.arrow_forwardThe purpose of mitosis in human cells is for the production of two diploid, _________________ cells.arrow_forwardQuestion 34 The genetic code is said to be degenerate. This means that... A the code is universal used by virtually all species B) each anticodon can interact with many different triplets C) each codon codes for more than one amino acid D) many amino acids are coded for by different codonsarrow_forward
- Question 11 The triplet code allows many amino acids to be specified by more than one codon. Such a code is said to be A synonymous. B) degenerate. c unambigous D) universal.arrow_forwardFour basic properties of the genetic code are specificity, degenerate, almost universal, and _____________.arrow_forwardQuestion 6 The helical turns of the DNA does not only provide spaces for binding with regulatory proteins but they cause the molecule to resemble a spiral staircase. A) True B) Falsearrow_forward
- Question 2. Ribosomes are cellular structures that are composed of protein and RNA; this structure is responsible for catalyzing peptide bond formation between amino acids during a process known as translation. a) Many antibiotics that kill bacteria target translation. Why might this be an effective mechanism to kill bacteria? Why don't antibiotics also kill human (eukaryotic) ribosomes? b) The antibiotic Kasugamycin (KSG) destabilizes the P-site of the ribosome. Describe what parts of translation would be altered in the presence of this antibiotic. c) How does the following graph show the efficacy of translational knockdown with KSG? Met-Methionine C % of Met incorporation 100 80 60 40 20 0 + 0 2 4 6 8 KSG concentration (mg/ml) 10arrow_forwardThe genome’s functional gene products are either _____________ or _____________.arrow_forwardA base change that has no discernible effect is called a____________________ mutation.arrow_forward
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