Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 17, Problem 2Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effect of the given compounds/conditions on the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):
a. Ethanol
b. Heat
c. Dimethylsulfate
d. Nitrous acid
e. 5-Bromouracil (5-BU)
Introduction:
The DNAis prone to mutations, thatis, permanent structural changes in DNA caused by deletion, duplication, and rearrangement of its base pairs. Mutations can also be caused by a mismatch of the base pairs. There are many factors thatcan cause mutations, these are called mutagens.
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How will each of the following substances or conditions affect DNA structure? a. ethanol; b. heat; c. dimethylsulfate; d. nitrous acid; e. 5-BU
(1) A scientist discovers an unknown nucleic acid, they analyze it chemically and discover the following: 22% of the nitrogenous bases contain adenine, 40% contain guanine, 20% contain thymine and 18% contain cytosine. Based only on this information, this nucleic acid must be:
a. Single-Stranded DNA
b. Single-stranded RNA
c. Double-Stranded DNA
d. Double- stranded RNA
(2) In a double-stranded molecule of DNA which of the following ratios should equal 1? (pick 3)
a. A/C
b. (A+T) / (G+C)
c. (A+G) / (C + T)
d. purines/ pyrimidines
e. G/C
(3) why is DNA replication is said to be bidirectional ?
Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes?
Group of answer choices
A. All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars
B. The purines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars
C. The phosphodiester linkages between deoxyribose sugars would be broken
D. The two strands of the double helix would separate
E. The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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- In Watson and Crick's model of DNA structure, the two strands of the DNA double helix are joined through a. Ionic bonds b. Hydrophobic interactions c. Covalent bonds d. Disulfide bonds e. Hydrogen bondsarrow_forwardThe most important force for stability of the DNA double helix is: a. Disulfide bond b. Hydrophilic interactions c. electrostatic interaction d. Base stackingarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the correct way that heterocyclic bases are paired between two polypeptide chains of DNA? a. Pyrimidines-Pyrimidines b. Purine-Pyrimidine c. Purines-Purine d. Sugar-Phosphatearrow_forward
- The helix of an A-DNA differs from the helix of a B-DNA in all of the following EXCEPT which phrase? a. polarity of the strands b. thickness of the helix c. tilt of the bases d. appearance of the major and minor groovearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the monomeric unit of DNA. A. Nucleotides B. Deoxyribose C. Nitrogenous bases D. Phospatearrow_forwardWhat type of interaction between the base pairs serves as the "glue" to keep the two DNA strands together? O A. hydrogen bonding B. covalent bonding O C. ion-dipole interactions D. ionic bonding O E. London dispersion forcesarrow_forward
- The non-sense mutations may be suppressed by_ Select one: O a. a mutated tmRNA O b. a mutated glycosylase O c. a mutated TRNA O d. a mutated tRNAarrow_forwardThe following enzymes cannot catalyze the synthesis of DNA A.DNA polymerase B.DNA gyrase C.DNA ligase D.Helicasearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about DNA is true? (Select all that applied) Select one: a. DNA contains thymine but not uracil. b. DNA molecules contain deoxyribose. c. All of these d. In a double-stranded DNA molecule, adenine on one strand will be connected to thymine on the complementary strand by two hydrogen bonds.arrow_forward
- Indicate whether each of the following base-pairing situations (1) involves two DNA strands, (2) involves a DNA strand and an RNA strand, or (3) could involve either two DNA strands or a DNA strand and an RNA strand? a. A G T U C A b. A C T T G A c. A G U T C A d. C G C G C G a. A G T U C A b. A C T T G A c. A G U T C A d. C G C G C Garrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about the double-helix secondary structure of DNA is true or false. a. The two polynucleotide strands are complementary rather than identical. b. Bases present extend outward from the double helix. c. Covalent bonding occurs between the two polynucleotide strands. d. The two polynucleotide strands run in the 5′-to-3′ directionarrow_forwardAccording to Chargaff’s rules for DNA base composition, if a DNA sample contained 10% guanine, the sample should have: A. 40% cytosine B. 90% cytosine C. 10% adenine D. 40% thyminearrow_forward
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